The monthly "science" rumor list is guided by the Beijing Municipal Association for Science and Technology, the Cyberspace Administration of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee, and the Capital Internet Association, and is jointly released by the Beijing Science and Technology Journalists and Editors Association and the Beijing Regional Website Joint Rumor Dispelling Platform, and supported by the Science and Technology Journalists and Editorial Committee of the China Association of Popular Science Writers, the China Evening News Science Editors and Journalists Association, the Shanghai Science and Technology Communication Association, and the Institute of Science and Technology Information of the Beijing Academy of Science and Technology.
1. Covid-19 antigen detection can replace nucleic acid testing
gossip:
New crown antigen self-test products are on the market, and antigen detection can directly replace nucleic acid detection.
The truth:
There are currently three main ways to detect whether a virus has invaded the human body: nucleic acid detection, antigen detection, and antibody detection. Both fall under the category of direct detection of the virus.
Compared with nucleic acid detection, antigen detection can be faster and more convenient to operate, but the accuracy is lower, and it is generally used in the early stages of infection. After the outbreak of the epidemic, many countries recognized nucleic acid testing as the "gold standard" for new crown virus detection, but also promoted antigen testing as an effective supplement.
According to the "Application Plan for Antigen Detection of New Coronavirus (Trial)", the positive antigen results can be used for early diversion and rapid management of suspected populations, and the selected antigen detection reagents must be approved by the National Drug Administration.
The National Health Commission specifically stated that nucleic acid testing is still the basis for confirming the diagnosis of new coronavirus infection, and antigen testing as a supplementary means can be used for screening specific populations, which is conducive to improving the ability of "early detection". In other words, it is to promote the monitoring model of "antigen screening and nucleic acid diagnosis". According to the plan, where primary medical and health institutions have nucleic acid testing capabilities, nucleic acid testing shall be preferred; those that do not have nucleic acid testing capabilities may be tested for antigens. Isolation observers and community residents conducting antigen testing shall carefully read the instructions and standardize operations. Positive and negative antigens in suspected populations should be further nucleic acid testing. A positive antigen result is not a definitive basis for COVID-19 infection.
2. Vaccines are ineffective against Omiquerong
According to the latest judgment of British and American scientists on Omicron, the vaccine is ineffective against Omicron, as well as emerging viral infections.
Judging from the large number of tracking data in various countries, the vaccine still has an effect on Omi kerong, and even if the effectiveness of the original vaccine in preventing infection is reduced, it still has good protection against severe diseases. After vaccination with the booster needle, the immunity to the Omiljung strain was also greatly improved.
The importance of vaccination in the Opichron outbreak can be seen in the recent situation in Hong Kong. According to the latest analysis of deaths in Hong Kong, as of March 18, 88% of the 5,186 deaths in this wave of the Omicron outbreak have not completed two doses of vaccination. People over the age of 80 who have not received two doses of the vaccine have an infection mortality rate of up to 9.97%. Thus, it is absurd to think that Omikeron's condition is mild as a cold, and that vaccination is no longer important.
3. Often drink "hard water" is easy to suffer from kidney stones
Some areas have more scale in tap water, and often drink these "hard waters" with high calcium and magnesium content are more likely to suffer from kidney stones.
There is no conclusive evidence that drinking hard water causes stones or other health problems. Conversely, if you drink less water, you are more likely to have stones in your urinary system.
The softness and hardness of water is determined according to the content of calcium and magnesium ions in the water, and the higher the content of these two ions, the higher the hardness of the water. The mainland's "Sanitary Standards for Drinking Water" stipulates that the total hardness of drinking water (in terms of calcium carbonate) shall not exceed 450mg/L, which is equivalent to 180mg of calcium in 1L. However, adults usually drink no more than 2 L (360 mg of calcium) a day, and such a water intake does not have much effect on the concentration of calcium ions in their bodies - according to the "Reference Dietary Nutrient Intake Table (DRIs) for Chinese Residents", the daily reference intake of calcium elements for people over 18 years old is 800 mg, and the maximum tolerable intake is 2000 mg.
It can be seen that according to the highest standard of recommended intake and the maximum hardness of drinking water, the daily calcium intake of adults will not reach the calcium standard, and it will not lead to stones.
4. "Skipping food after noon" helps to lose weight
"Skipping food after noon" not only helps to lose weight, but also prolongs life.
Stomach food is emptied once every 4 to 6 hours, and the interval between normal meals is generally about 4 to 5 hours, which is not easy to produce hunger and can ensure the supply of nutrients to various organs of the body. The "no-midday" meal method leaves the stomach empty for at least 18 hours, while stomach acid is secreted continuously and peaks at night. If there is no food in the stomach to neutralize stomach acid, it is possible to stimulate and damage the gastric mucosa, resulting in gastritis, gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer, heartburn, stomach pain and other symptoms.
In addition, the pace of modern life is fast, blindly using "noon and no food", will cause insufficient energy and nutrient intake, long-term may appear low blood sugar, dizziness, resistance decline, muscle reduction, emotional problems, etc., seriously affecting health. Diabetics, gastrointestinal diseases and the elderly are particularly unsuitable for the "noon and no food" way of eating.
At present, there are indeed some studies that believe that "intermittent fasting" has health benefits, such as "8:16 intermittent fasting", that is, you can eat for 8 hours a day and not eat for the remaining 16 hours. However, these methods are essentially different from "not eating after noon", and need to be completed under the guidance of a doctor, and cannot be blindly implemented by themselves.
If you want to be healthy, the scientific approach should be "eat less in the afternoon", that is, most of the energy and nutrient intake of the day is placed in breakfast and lunch, eat less and eat early at dinner, and maintain a light diet.
5. Edible gold leaf is a high-end additive that is beneficial to the body
Gold leaf food is expensive, and the edible gold leaf used in it is a high-end additive, which is very good for the body.
On January 29 this year, the State Administration of Market Regulation, the National Health Commission and the General Administration of Customs jointly issued the Notice on Investigating and Handling Illegal Acts of Producing and Operating Food Containing Gold and Silver Foil Powder according to Law, which clearly pointed out that according to the mainland's food safety laws and regulations and food safety standards, gold leaf and silver leaf and gold powder silver powder substances are not food additives and cannot be used in food production and operation.
Gold leaf has no nutritional value for the human body. Gold itself is a relatively stable chemical element, it is difficult to dissolve in the daily cooking environment, that is to say, it maintains a metal solid form, can not become ions, can not enter our blood. Therefore, eating it cannot be absorbed by the human body. If the dosage is too large, it may also lead to some conditions such as indigestion. If the purity of the gold leaf is not enough, or some other elements are added, it may also cause poisoning.
6. The infection symptoms of the Omikejong variant strain are mild, equivalent to "big flu"
Infection with the Aomi Kerong variant causes most of the new crown pneumonia to be asymptomatic or mild, equivalent to "big flu".
The transmissibility of the Omikejong variant is more harmful to human health than that of the common flu. And because of its high proportion of mild diseases and strong transmission insidiousness, it brings great challenges to the detection and management of infectious sources.
Perhaps for some individuals, the probability of severe illness caused by infection with the Omiljun strain is decreasing, but as a whole, the Omiljun strain spreads quickly and the infection rate is high in a short period of time, which makes the absolute number of infected people larger, and the absolute number of severe diseases and deaths will be higher.
A comparative analysis of the case fatality and mortality rates of the countries concerned in the two time periods from August to October last year and from November last year to January this year has shown that the case fatality rate during the epidemic of the Omiljung strain has indeed decreased, but the total number of deaths caused by the epidemic in the same period is higher than the number of deaths in the same period of the Delta strain epidemic. It can be said that the harm of the Omiljung strain epidemic is still serious, and it is not a "big flu".
7. Vegetable cream is as toxic as an insecticide
The essence of vegetable cream is trans fat. Trans fats increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and are as toxic as insecticides.
Vegetable cream may contain trans fatty acids in part, but vegetable cream is not equivalent to trans fatty acids. Vegetable cream, also known as margarine, margarine, vegetable cream, etc., is often used as a substitute for animal cream. Vegetable cream is mostly made by hydrogenating vegetable oil and adding artificial flavors, preservatives, colors and other additives.
If you pay close attention to the ingredient labels of some vegetable creams, you will find that there is no milk fat and cholesterol in them, but there are trans fatty acids. There is a lot of research evidence that consuming too many trans fatty acids increases the incidence of cardiovascular disease.
However, vegetable cream can not be equated with trans fats, some vegetable cream in the manufacturing process, through the use of new processes such as low temperature and high pressure, new catalysts, and fully hydrogenated processes, can greatly reduce the production of trans fatty acids, even less than animal cream.
Of course, whether it is artificial vegetable cream or natural animal cream, it is still advisable to eat less, after all, too much food with high fat content will lead to obesity, and the other is to increase the cholesterol content in the blood, thereby increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. These, whether vegetable creams or animal creams, are unavoidable.
Sources for this issue:
Xinhua News Agency, Xinhua Viewpoint, Science and Technology Daily, China News Network, CCTV Financial Public Account, China Science Popularization Network, People's Network - Health, Beijing Youth Daily, Shanghai Rumor Dispelling Platform, Science Popularization Times, Beijing Science and Technology News, Tencent More True, "Museum" WeChat public account, "One Question to the End Source News" WeChat public account, "Intellectuals" WeChat public account, "Rumor Filter" WeChat public account
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