Cancer has become one of the most common causes of health problems and deaths among Chinese residents.
Recently, the team of academicians of Hejie published the 2016 Chinese cancer data at JNCC, and compared the incidence and mortality trends of cancer from 2000 to 2016. A total of 381565422 cancer registries (193632323 men and 187933099 women) were included in the study, representing 27.6% of the national population.
Now, take you through the latest Chinese cancer data and reveal the laws behind the changes in its data.
Changes in Cancer Data in China may be the reasons for these
The incidence and mortality rate in 2016 and the changing trend of cancer data from 2000 to 2016 reflect the progress of cancer diagnosis and treatment and prevention in mainland China, and the implementation of some policies will also have a certain impact on tumor occurrence and death data.
The aging trend is obvious, and the burden of cancer may further increase
Increasing age has always been an independent risk factor for tumorigenesis. As China's aging society becomes serious, the burden of cancer in China will further increase.
In this case, it is important to popularize early screening, early diagnosis and treatment of tumors. Compared with advanced tumors, early tumors have a better prognosis and long survival, and early treatment and control can effectively reduce the burden of cancer disease.
Smoking remains a major carcinogenic factor
China has the largest smoking population in the world, with about 350 million smokers and 740 million passive smokers, which greatly increases the risk of cancer such as lung cancer. Previous studies have found that smoking is the cause of death in 20% of cancer patients in China.
In Europe and the United States, the anti-smoking policy has begun to bear fruit. According to the latest cancer data released by the United States, cancer mortality in the United States has fallen by 32%, the biggest reason for which is the decline in lung cancer mortality. But on the mainland, only a few cities have achieved indoor smoking bans. There are also many places where people live and work in an environment exposed to secondhand smoke.
In addition, the incidence of lung cancer in women who do not smoke is also rising at an average annual rate of 2.6%. This may be related to kitchen fumes and air pollution.
The number of obese people has increased, and the risk of colorectal cancer and breast cancer has increased
With the rising living standards of Chinese residents, the pressure of life and the lack of exercise, the number of obese people is increasing. From 2004 to 2018, the number of obese people in China rose from 3.1% to 8.1%. It is worth noting that the number of obese people and people who lack exercise in the mainland is still increasing.
Therefore, a healthy lifestyle, diet and adequate physical activity will reduce the incidence and mortality of cancer in China by about 40%.
Overexamined thyroid cancer is worthy of attention
In recent years, the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased considerably among all cancer species, but the mortality rate has been relatively stable, which may be related to over-screening for thyroid cancer and socioeconomic progress.
The implementation of national prevention policies has reduced the incidence of liver cancer
In the Chinese cancer data released this time, the incidence of liver cancer has declined. This has been linked to improved water quality, hepatitis B vaccines, and reduced intake of aflatoxin-contaminated foods. Since 2002, the newborn hepatitis B vaccine has been completely free. In 2015, the hepatitis B vaccination rate has reached 99.6%.
Endoscopy develops to reduce the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer
Endoscopy has been shown to be an effective way to reduce the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer. It plays an important role in the early diagnosis of esophageal cancer and tumor screening. Especially in some areas with high risk of esophageal cancer in China, it will be beneficial to further the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer.
The declining trend in the number of upper GI tumor cases may further support the spread of endoscopy in areas with a high risk of upper GI tumors.
bibliography
【1】Zheng RS, Zhang SW, Zeng HM, Wang SM, Sun KX, Chen R, Li L, Wei WQ, He J. Cancer incidence and mortality in China, 2016[J]. JNCC, 2022, 2(1): 1-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jncc.2022.02.002.
Author | oolong
Source | Medical Oncology Channel