We must never forget the young readers in the kindergarten, what they read, how to read, why they read, are all questions that need to be answered with our hearts. In the context of the increasing attention of the whole society to children's reading, we still have to emphasize that any negligence, misunderstanding and recklessness of children's reading may have a negative impact on children's growth.
Yu Yongping
Doctor of Pre-Primary Education
He is currently a professor and doctoral supervisor at the School of Educational Sciences of Nanjing Normal University
He is the chairman of the 7th and 8th China Preschool Education Research Association
Vice Chairman of the Expert Committee on Preschool Education of the Ministry of Education
Vice Chairman of the Steering Committee for the Training of Kindergarten Teachers in Colleges and Universities of the Ministry of Education
Member of the Preschool Education Working Committee of the National Committee of Experts on Curriculum Resources for Teacher Education
Preschool micro-editor, growing up with 100,000+ principals
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Reading enriches the mind and nourishes the personality
We should pay attention to children's reading in the whole process of children's development, and truly understand the significance of reading for children's mental growth and personality formation. Reading is the desire of children's hearts, is a special part of children's perception of the external world, we want to enrich children's living environment, to provide children with rich and suitable books.
Children's reading is not an adult's gift to children, not a dispensable thing in children's lives, reading is a child's inner needs, picture books vivid drawings, interesting stories, can bring children imagination and happiness, bring feelings and experiences. If a normal child turns a blind eye to picture books, the root cause of the problem is mostly in adults, mostly because of children's unpleasant reading experiences and experiences, and mostly because children feel the influence of forces other than reading.
For children, reading is not just a simple visual scanning process, but a process of touching the characters, environments and events in the picture with their own minds, including the comprehensive psychological process of feeling, imagination, and thinking. Reading should be a child's autonomous behavior, and children can use their own experience and thinking to interpret the text, expand their imagination, and think. Reading good books for children is to enjoy the nectar of the soul and promote children's growth.
Therefore, we must give children enough opportunities, enough time, enough books, enough freedom, so that children can truly enjoy the reading process. Kindergartens and families are equipped with books that contribute to children's growth, which is the actual need of children's lives, and it is also the basic condition for children's growth, and it is necessary to effectively ensure the ownership, appropriateness and utilization rate of books in families and kindergartens.
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Form an atmosphere that supports and studies children's reading
Children's reading level is closely related to their physical and mental development level, starting from children's development, according to the actual performance of children's reading, determine and adjust the content and mode of children's reading. Therefore, observing and understanding children is a prerequisite for guiding and supporting children's reading.
Teachers, parents and other adults should work together for children's reading, do not choose so-called valuable books for children for distant purposes such as further education and literacy, do not pick up books to be children's teachers, do not take "teaching" as the greatest support for children, but really feel children's interests, needs and possibilities, let children read truly valuable and suitable books, let reading really bring happiness to children, and let reading truly become a behavior that children are willing to consciously maintain.
On the basis of strengthening the understanding of children's psychological development characteristics and reading level, adults, especially teachers, should continuously improve their children's literary accomplishment and enhance their ability to identify children's picture books. Only books that are suitable for children's physical and mental development level and development needs, and only books that can bring good feelings to children, have practical value for children's development. To keep fake and shoddy books away from children, to keep adult books away from children, to choose books that are truly suitable for children according to the characteristics of children's ages, so that books can truly touch children's hearts and promote children's growth. It is necessary to pay attention to the frequency of book replacement, so that children can truly aesthetically, think and imagine in reading.
If children are listless and perfunctory in front of books, it is not children who should reflect on them, but adults. Adults should accompany children's reading, pay attention to children's reading process, study children's reading process in depth, pay attention to children's reading tendencies, pay attention to children's attention to selectivity, and strive to interpret children's actions, emotions and language in the reading process.
Only in this way can we truly choose the right books for children. Adults' immersion in reading is the most important atmosphere for children's reading, adults should become a role model for reading, whether adults really love books will make children feel in a perceptual way, adults blindly require children to read, and they are far away from books, it is impossible to truly become a positive force that affects children's reading.
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Encourage children to read and talk to each other wholeheartedly
The child's reading is not for external purposes, the child's reading is for himself. Adults should strive to allow children to read autonomously, quietly, and attentively. Some books need to be read by adults and children, but more often, children should be allowed to read independently. Guiding children to read is not around the standard reading in the teacher's mind, not the teacher imposing his own understanding on the child, and it is not the interpretation and recitation of words, words and sentences. The guidance of teachers is aimed at problems and difficulties, and more is to inspire and encourage, lead thinking, and stimulate children's imagination and birth concepts. Children's dialogue with the characters, situations and events in picture books, children's intoxication and imagination of pictures, and children's creative expression are the pursuit of high-quality reading.
Children's reading ability is developed in the process of reading, do not let the teacher-led picture book teaching expand again, do not let the so-called picture book teaching destroy children's sense of autonomy, imagination and critical spirit. If you do not study the child's spiritual world and only pay attention to the skills of teaching, one lesson and three studies are useless, that is, one lesson and ten studies are useless. Without studying children's psychic worlds, teacher-led picture book teaching has nothing to do with gamification of the curriculum. If we do not study the spiritual world of children, the beautiful literary works created by literary artists will be wasted by us, and the aesthetic opportunities and imagination space left by literary artists to children will be wasted by us.
Adult literary literacy and understanding of children are much more important than being able to "teach". Don't break down the complete work into pieces, don't just pay attention to the words in the picture book, children's reading is a whole feeling and interaction process, is the dialogue process between children and picture books.
I would like to reiterate once again, give children some opportunities to read independently, give children some opportunities to read in depth, and create more opportunities for children to read with peace of mind!
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The exploration of the world and the reading of the world complement each other
Finally, I would like to emphasize that to study children's reading is to study children's hearts, and children's hearts are a complete spiritual world, and we need to strive to grasp, revere, and maintain it. Reading is indispensable for children's spiritual growth, as long as reading appropriate reading materials, enough reading time, with the appropriate guidance of teachers, reading will certainly be able to enrich children's spiritual world.
Reading should be an opportunity that children can get at any time, reading should not be limited to the reading area and the prescribed reading time, so that reading and other activities of children are organically combined, so that reading truly becomes a way for children to meet the needs of the soul, a way to seek knowledge and solve problems, a way to feel good, a way to stimulate imagination and expression.
Of course, do not take reading as the whole of kindergarten education or kindergarten curriculum, children's feelings about nature and the greater society, inquiry is a more important way to develop and grow, and efforts should be made to let children interact with the objective things around them, so that children can get more experience in personal experience, practical operation and practical interaction, which are the motivation and basis for children to continue to read in depth.
In the process of interacting with the world around them, the experiences and feelings obtained by children will also be expressed in their own way, and these expressions are also full of beauty, imagination, and vivid details, which are the real source of children's picture books. Therefore, children's perception and understanding of the world around them should be combined with their reading to complement each other.
Let us work together to create better material and spiritual conditions for children's reading. It is hoped that the reading activities of kindergartens are not only to strengthen moral regulations for children, not only words and sentence patterns, not only stories and knowledge, but also to develop children's aesthetic literacy, literary literacy, imagination and creativity, and hope that picture book reading can enrich children's childhood life.