Some time ago, DianGe introduced you to the emergency knowledge collection of sports sprains! Super full sprain treatment method, can be used at critical moments, found that everyone is most concerned about: knees!
The knee joint, which consists of 1 layer of synovium, 2 meniscus, 3 bones, and 4 ligaments, is almost recognized as the most complex and most injured "part" of the human body.
Does running hurt your knee? Do you hurt your knees when climbing a mountain? ...... Don't worry, it's coming!
In today's issue, I will explain the 9 most common knee problems in life at once.
01
Knee pain, what should I do when I go to the hospital?
Generally, knee pain is presented with an initial screening with X-rays.
If the cause cannot be found temporarily, ct can also be used to check for subtle bone disease, or MRI (magnetic resonance) to check the soft tissue conditions around the joint.
The specific functions and prices of X-ray, CT and MRI are as follows (*The specific charges are subject to the actual hospital):
02
If you accidentally twist your knees, why do you often bounce and sometimes even get stuck now?
This may be due to a sprained knee that causes a meniscus tear.
The meniscus, which is a cushion-like structure within the knee joint, is divided into two parts, the inside and the outside (as shown by the arrow in figure)
The meniscus slides slightly with the movement of the joint in the knee joint, playing a role in cushioning, decompression and lubrication, making the joint more flexible.
Image source: Stand Cool Helo
If the meniscus is damaged, the torn meniscus will be half-floating in the knee joint, "don't" to other tissues, resulting in a clicking and clicking sound when the knee joint moves; or, directly stuck between the femur and tibia, the knee joint will not be straight...
Therefore, when the knee has symptoms such as bouncing and movement disorders, it is likely that our meniscus is injured, then we have to go to the hospital, and the doctor will choose an MRI test for us to evaluate the knee damage.
In general, meniscal injuries, mild to moderate, can be treated with conservative regimens such as medications, while severe injuries require arthroscopic surgery to repair or partially remove the damaged meniscus to restore knee function [2].
03
Knee joint suddenly sprained, should I apply hot or cold compresses?
Apply cold compresses first to reduce swelling, and then apply warm compresses to accelerate the swelling and subside.
When the joint is just sprained, the local soft tissue capillaries in the joint will continue to expand and increase permeability, and plasma proteins and blood cells will leak out and penetrate into the surrounding tissues.
Manifestations on the joints are swelling and bruising.
Cold compresses can effectively constrict small capillaries, reduce exudation, and reduce pain.
The recovery period after sprains (usually 1 to 2 days after sprains) can be treated with hot compresses to accelerate the absorption of infiltrated blood and surrounding inflammatory factors, and accelerate the swelling and resolution [3].
04
Why is it easy to hurt the knee when you exercise, and even walking on the flat ground will twist?
Habitual knee sprains are associated with untreated treatment after the first sprain or poor recovery after treatment.
After a knee sprain, the ligaments and tendons of the stable joints are torn or even broken, and if they are not restored in time, the ligaments and tendons will become loose, reducing the stability of the bones and joints, even if the swelling is reduced after the injury, it is easy to sprain again in the next exercise.
Therefore, if this happens, be sure to go to the hospital in time for AN MRI examination to assess the ligaments and tendons around the joint.
If the situation is mild, you can take the drug internally, apply the drug externally, and use the "brace" to fix the joint for conservative treatment.
However, if the condition is severe, it may require surgery to tighten and repair [4].
05
Some middle-aged and elderly people, why do their knees hurt when it comes to rain or cold weather?
It is likely that osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis is at work!
The two types of arthritis mentioned above are the most common joint problems in the elderly, and will reduce the ability of the knee joint to resist changes in the external environment.
When it rains, the weather is cold, the subcutaneous tissue and capillaries in the knee joint will contract to varying degrees, and the blood supply will decline, especially in the elderly, the inflammatory factors inside the knee and the difficulty of the joint fluid absorption cycle are aggravated, and the result is knee joint stiffness and pain.
However, these are not incurable diseases, and after distinguishing between osteopathic or rheumatoid arthritis through medical examination, there is every hope of recovery after prescribing the right medicine and treating the cause [5].
06
I love beer and seafood for supper, but I often have swelling and pain in my joints, what should I do?
Most likely: Gouty arthritis has attacked!
Beer, seafood, barbecue contains a large number of "purines", if you eat and drink uncontrolled, the amount of purine in the body will soar, a large number of purine metabolism will produce too much uric acid.
Too much uric acid will slowly accumulate in the body, especially deposited in the joints, synovial membranes and other parts, activating the immune system to cause serious redness, swelling, pain and other inflammation in these parts, which is gout arthritis.
Generally, gouty arthritis can be recovered by anti-swelling, anti-inflammatory, and uric acid-lowering therapy, but if after long-term conservative treatment, the swelling, pain is still obvious, and even severe joint deformities have occurred, surgery is additionally needed to correct it [6].
07
Climbing, running, horse walking, frog jumping can hurt the knee, really?
It's true. However, if you wear protective gear in advance, etc., you can avoid it.
When doing these knee bending movements, the knee joint is loaded several times as normal.
If under this high-intensity load, the knee joint is still in the process of continuous flexion and extension, the friction between the cartilage on the joint contact surface is intensified, and it is easier to wear and consume.
The "parts" such as meniscus, cruciate ligaments, and cartilage in the knee joint cannot be repaired after wear, and excessive use will slowly age, and joint degeneration will occur, causing joint pain, swelling and even deformity.
Therefore, when doing these exercises, you can choose appropriate knee joint protectors and other protective measures to avoid excessive joint load.
08
People often have knee pain in middle age, and even can't walk every day, what should they do?
This is due to osteoarthritis.
People reach middle age, the knee joint is also used for most of the life, the joint surface cartilage and other tissues are seriously damaged, so it is inevitable to age, degenerate, resulting in osteoarthritis, joint swelling, pain.
When this happens, a positive lateral X-ray of the knee is required, and if the diagnosis is confirmed, symptoms can be improved by reducing exercise, weight loss, anti-inflammatory, strong bone, and other treatments.
If the pain or mobility symptoms are severe and cannot be effectively relieved by simple conservative treatment, artificial joint replacement surgery may be required.
09
The doctor said that my knee needs to be replaced by artificial joints, is it reliable?
Artificial joint replacement is to implant titanium alloy and stainless steel metal joints into the body to replace the damaged human tissue and help restore knee joint activity.
At present, this surgery is very mature, and the postoperative joint function recovery is also considerable, theoretically, the patient can go to the ground on the day after the operation, but considering the pain and other factors, it is generally 3 to 7 days before it can walk on the ground [7].
epilogue
The human body is like a big car running at high speed, and the knees are our wheels.
Daily driving, everyone should cherish their wheels, avoid excessive wear and tear of wheels, and maintain more, so that this car can run farther and longer.
Finally, I send you four knee pads:
(1) Warm up before exercise
(2) Moderate amount of exercise
(3) Wear protective gear
(4) Keep warm when it is cold
Finally, I wish everyone a healthy knee joint and a happy life.
bibliography:
Zhao Xinyu,Wang Enfeng,Su Hongtao. The Diagnostic Value of Plain X-ray, CT and MRI for Ankle Sports Injury[J].Imaging Research and Medical Applications,2021,5(03):169-170.
LIU Jian. Clinical efficacy of arthroscopic partial resection in the treatment of knee meniscal injury[J].China Medical Device Information,2021,27(13):96-97.
He Xiyu. Ankle sprain, whether it is hot or cold[J].Knowledge of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment, 2009(08):59.
WANG Tao. Identification of a case of lax knee instability secondary to anterior cruciate ligament injury[J].Chinese Journal of Forensic Science,2016,31(S2):275.
ZHAO Lu. What is the difference between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis[N]. Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2020-03-27(003).
Li Wenbing,Chen Jie,Zhu Xiahua,Tang Jutian. Research progress in the treatment of gouty arthritis[J].Massage and Rehabilitation,2021,12(16):89-91.
Dong Qiang, Zhao Weiyi, Zheng Dajun.Clinical efficacy analysis of 40 cases of artificial total knee replacement[J].Contemporary Medicine,2021,27(18):135-136.
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