Compared with full-term babies, premature babies are prone to language delay, which has a widespread and long-term adverse effect on the baby. Premature babies with language retardation will have low language intelligence scores, which may also lead to reading and writing defects and learning difficulties after school age. Some premature babies are affected by language delays in childhood until early adulthood.
What are the factors that affect the language development of premature babies? 2
The factors affecting the language development of preterm babies mainly include five aspects: the degree of preterm birth, biological factors, language learning environment, social factors, and clinical and pathological factors
Degree of preterm birth: the smaller the gestational age and lower the weight at birth, the more likely it is to have language delay.
Biological factors: Male preterm babies are twice as likely to have a risk of language delay than female premature babies.
Language learning environment: When the baby is still in the mother's womb, there is the ability to receive prosody information, which is very important for language acquisition. Premature babies are born prematurely and receive insufficient prosody information early, which has a negative impact on language development.
Social factors: including the family's economic level, parents' education level, etc. Among the social factors, the most significant factor affecting the language development of premature babies is the mother's level of education, and the lower the mother's education level, the higher the risk of language delay in premature babies.
Clinical and pathological factors: Very low birth weight premature babies are at high risk of brain damage and are more likely to have a negative impact on language development.
How to help your baby promote language development 3-5
Scientific interventions and care methods help to improve the language level and communication skills of premature babies, and improve the overall intellectual development of premature babies.
1
Medical interventions
Before the premature baby is discharged from the hospital: the doctor will train the baby to see, hear, raise and move his limbs.
After the premature baby is discharged from the hospital:
1 to 3 months, strengthen follow-up training, sound hunting training, communication training, tactile training, prone head-up, turning over training, balance training;
After 3 months, I still have to go to the hospital every week to receive professional training such as strengthening active grasping, looking at pictures and talking, staring and searching, pulling and jumping, until the age of 12 months.
The above small "physical activities" promote the brain development of premature babies, improve motor ability, and help premature babies develop language and intelligence smoothly through rich sensory stimulation such as sight, hearing, and touch.
2
Daily care
Always accompany your baby, be patient, and increase your communication time with your baby. You can use more words that your baby needs to learn, or you can often read storybooks to your baby.
When the baby asks questions, parents should give timely answers and encouragement. The way mom and dad respond can directly affect the baby's vocabulary, and babies who accept more parental responses can use and master the language earlier.
For slightly older babies, having a companion who can communicate in language can help develop language skills. Interacting with others can help your baby learn to use eye contact and expressions to interact in an orderly manner.
Choose the right toys, books, and play activities based on your baby's level of cognitive development.
a) Babies under 12 months of age mainly take sensorimotor activities, such as knocking, vocalizing and movable toys;
b) Babies aged 12 to 15 months can be exposed to structural games, such as building blocks, shape matching, etc.;
c) Babies over 15 months old mainly carry out functional game activities, such as dressing up dolls;
d) The baby's choice of toys is recommended to be based on physical toys, supplemented by cards; books should choose books with large and clear pictures, preferably reflecting a large amount of story information on the screen, and not emphasizing text content.
In general, parents invest more energy, accompany the baby for a longer time, and interact more with the baby during the infant and young age of the premature baby, which can not only effectively promote the language development of the premature baby, but also help the premature baby to complete the catch-up growth more smoothly and comprehensively.
bibliography:
1. Cao Minhui, Liu Liming. Chinese Maternal and Child Health Research. 2015; (2): 391-394,398.
2. Niu Jie, et al. Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics.2012; 01: 76-80.
3. Hou Dan, et al. PLA Nursing Journal. 2012; 29(023): 12-14.
4. LIU Xiao, JIN Xingming. Journal of Clinical Pediatrics. 2006; 24(3): 234-235.
5. Zhang Yiwen, et al. Chinese Journal of Pediatrics. 2007; 45(001): 51-54.
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