Author:Liu Yifei[1]
Reviewed by: Tan Liming[2]
Units: [1] School of Public Health, Nanchang University [2] The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
Bai Juyi's "Long Hate Song" in the taizhen, with snow skin flower appearance, and today's young people under the influence of many factors, acne wanton, repeated attacks on the face, it is very likely to produce depressions and hypertrophic scars, affecting our appearance image, and even life, spirit, then want to please themselves on the face of the obvious inadequacy.
In the face of acne, which is the problem caused by acne, we should have a comprehensive understanding of the knowledge to effectively prevent acne.
First, the cause of acne
The etiology of acne is more complex, mostly related to excessive androgen secretion, sebum secretion, abnormal keratosis of hair follicle sebaceous gland ducts, inflammatory response caused by proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes, and psychological, environmental and genetic factors.
When the androgen content in the body increases, the sebaceous gland function will be strong, resulting in a large amount of oil secretion; in addition, there are androgen receptors on the sebaceous glands, and abnormal affinity of the receptors will lead to increased sebum secretion. The resulting hypersecretion of sebum is the basic pathological basis for the occurrence of acne.
Abnormal keratosis of cells around the hair follicle leads to smaller, narrower, and clogged hair follicle openings, resulting in the inability of sebum to be excreted and the formation of acne, which is an important factor in the occurrence of acne.
Propionibacterium acnes promotes keratin and can also hydrolyze triglycerides in sebum to produce free fatty acids, which stimulate the hair follicles and trigger an inflammatory response in and around them.
Second, the clinical manifestations of acne
It tends to occur during puberty, and there are more men than women. It is more common in areas where sebaceous glands are developed, such as the face, and is often symmetrically distributed. Clinical classifications are:
Pimples (grade I acne)
These include whiteheads and blackheads, which are conical papules consistent with hair follicles, neither red nor bulging, with grain-sized lesions. Pimples are early lesions of acne, when aggravated by the formation of inflammatory papules.
Papules (grade II acne)
Developed from acne, the lesions are red.
Pustules (grade III acne)
Mung bean-sized pustules can form on the basis of papules.
Cyst nodules (grade IV acne)
Inflammation continues to develop and can form dark red nodules or cysts of varying sizes that can fluctuate when squeezed.
Third, the prevention of acne
Dietary aspects
A scholar Cordain once surveyed that the prevalence of acne in young people in Western society is 79%-95%, but in his survey, 1200 Kitavan islanders did not have acne patients.
The reason for the analysis is that these people's eating habits are very different from those of acne patients, they rarely consume foods such as fats, alcohol, coffee, tea, sugar, etc., and mainly live on vegetarian diets such as fresh vegetables, fruits and fish, which accounts for only 8% of the proportion of Chinese and Western foods.
Oils and spicy stimuli and sweets will stimulate the sebaceous glands, so that sebum secretion excess; in addition, animal oil, high-fat foods are mostly saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, lack of essential fatty acids, and the lack of essential fatty acids will cause the lipid membrane structure is incomplete, the skin barrier function is destroyed, the water loss of the epidermis is increased, high keratosis, and eventually acne is formed.
Therefore, the intake of these foods should be reduced, and reasonable dietary habits such as drinking more water and eating more fruits and vegetables should be developed, so as to reduce the occurrence of constipation, reduce the accumulation of garbage in the body, and accelerate metabolism.
Studies have shown that constipation is a risk factor for the development of acne, although the causes of constipation involve diet, exercise, living habits, environmental factors, mental state, etc., but it is recognized that reasonable dietary fiber intake can reduce constipation. Therefore, the occurrence of constipation can be reduced through a reasonable and regular diet, which can reduce the occurrence of acne.
Skin care aspects
Oily and combination skin is one of the risk factors for the development of acne in skin types. Oily skin is a polyfat type of skin with strong sebum secretion, enlarged pores, and easy to adhere to dust.
In the sebaceous glands of hair follicles in patients with acne, Propionibacterium acnes is significantly increased, it is suppressed in the environment of pH5, while oily skin pH
Therefore, different skin types should choose different ways to keep the skin clean, it is recommended to wash with warm boiled water in the morning before going to bed to remove oil. Avoid alkaline soaps and harsh cosmetics to reduce clogging of pores. Regardless of the severity, do not squeeze and scratch with your hands, so as not to cause skin damage, bacterial infection and suppuration, leaving acne marks after healing.
Mental sleep factors
A scholar conducted a survey of acne patients in high school students in a city, and the results showed that about 75% of students with poor sleep quality before and after the exam responded to new or worsening acne during this period, so poor sleep quality and mental stress were risk factors for acne.
It is recommended to arrange sleep time reasonably, ensure good sleep quality, maintain a happy mood, avoid anxiety and tension, and reduce mental pressure, so as to avoid low immunity and endocrine dysfunction.
Menstruation in women
Studies by several scholars have shown that irregular menstruation in women is a risk factor for acne. About 65% of female acne patients have acne exacerbations or new onset before and after menstruation, and most of them are premenstrual exacerbations. May be associated with lowest levels of estrogen in women before menstruation and relatively elevated androgen levels.
It is recommended that female acne patients with irregular menstruation are very likely to have symptoms such as excessive androgens in the clinic, and it is very necessary for these patients to undergo endocrine examination.
Aspects of life
Because the computer radiation is very large and the dust accumulated on the face increases the susceptibility to acne or aggravates the disease, it is recommended that patients who use computers apply a barrier cream to their faces. In addition, regularly wash the sheets and bedding, clean the room and keep it clean.
IV. Conclusion
At present, there are many treatments for acne, but there is no recognized treatment plan, mainly comprehensive treatment, internal and external treatment.
However, the pigmentation and scars left behind are difficult to repair, so it is especially important to prevent the onset of acne. We must pay attention to daily care, develop good living habits, eating habits, etc., and be the most beautiful of ourselves.
Edited by: Yeah Reviewer: Xiao Ran