Song Dynasty Li Tang "Snow Night Reading Map" (partial)
Ming Dynasty Lan Ying 'Painting Snow Map' (Partial)
Song Dynasty Anon. "Snow Reed Double Goose Diagram"
"The New Year has not been fragrant, and grass buds have been seen in early February. The snow is too late in spring, so it wears the garden tree as a flying flower. This fresh and timeless picture of early spring snow depicted in Han Yu's "Spring Snow" conveys the long-term feelings of Chinese for thousands of years. In traditional Chinese culture, ice and snow are not synonymous with cold, but a special temperature hidden in the hearts of the literati, a symbol of the national spirit engraved in poetry.
See the melancholy of ice sausage fever
"Once upon a time, Willow Yiyi." Now I come to think, rain and snow. "Since the beginning of poetry, ice and snow have become Chinese medium for expressing their spiritual emotions. This famous poem in the "Book of Poetry, Xiaoya Tsevi" is like a painting that will never fade and is engraved in the memory of history. It was spring when I went out, and Willow yiyi came back with rain and snow. What did he go through in a year, maybe even years? Huge blank space, giving people unlimited imagination.
There are seven ice and snow poems in the Book of Poetry, except for one poem each in "Shao Feng" and "Cao Feng", mainly concentrated in "Xiao Ya". The most prominent feature of "Xiao Ya" is the poems reflecting war and labor, most of which express the poet's warm intestines on the ancient road of seeing the snow and nostalgia. "Xiaoya Xinnanshan": "The heavens are the same as the clouds, the rain and snow are cloudy, and the benefits are the clouds." Both good and good, both wet and sufficient. Give birth to me a hundred valleys. "The poet sees snowflakes and drizzle, remembers that the moisture is so abundant, moisturizes the earth and floods in all directions, and prays that the crops will flourish. This is the earliest chant of the Ruixue Mega Year. "Xiao Ya Out of the Car": "In the past, I used to be in the past, Huang Ji Fanghua." Now I come to think, rain and snow on the way. How difficult it is for the king, let alone to start living. Isn't it nostalgic? Afraid of this simple book. "When I went, the wheat was green. Today was triumphant, with heavy snow all over the way. The country is difficult, and there is no work in idleness. Don't I want to be home? I am afraid that there will be an urgent military letter. The poem conveys a strong sense of home and country, and the sense of responsibility overcomes the feeling of family. "Xiao Ya Shu Ben": "If it rains and snow, first set Wei Feng." There is no day of death and death, and there is little to see. Happy wine this evening, gentleman's feast. "Poetry sees sorrow in joy, and conveys the worries of the end times in an ironic way. Isn't this kind of worry a worry about the family and the country? Similarly, "Xiao Ya Horn Bow": "Rain and snow are wet, see The dawn is gone." Moken left behind, style Lou Lou proud. Rain and snow float, see the stream. If it is wild, I am worried. "The poem rises with snow falling, conveying the poet's worries about the collapse of the libido. In addition, "Shao Feng , North Wind" "The north wind is chirping, and the rain and snow are shining." Hui and good me, hand in hand" and "Cao Feng Ephemera" ephemera digging reading, linen like snow. The sorrow of the heart, for me to say, "In these two poems, the sorrow in the poet's heart is even more difficult to express.
It can be said that the ice and snow poems of the "Book of Poetry" have created the humanistic spirit of seeing ice and snow and being sad, and have become the precursor of the "people's compatriots and" complex in later generations. Cao Cao's poems are typical, such as "Bitter Cold Walk": "There are few people in the valley, and the snow falls on He Feifei... The bag is paid, and the axe is held as a slurry. Sorrowful poems, leisurely make me mourn. "In the snowy valley, there are few pedestrians, but some people carry bags while cutting firewood, chiseling ice and boiling porridge to fill their hungry intestines. This scene reminds the poet of the poem "Shijing Dongshan", which deeply touches the sadness. This was written by Cao Cao in the spring of the eleventh year of Jian'an (206), on the way to Gaogan, and the poem vividly described the natural scene of the ice and snow and revealed sympathy for the people.
Like Cao Cao's "Bitter Cold Journey", Wang Cang's "Seven Lamentations" (the third of which) also shows the bitter cold snow scenes of the border areas in the poem, "ice and snow cut off the skin, the wind drifts endlessly" to express sympathy for the people through ice and snow. Cai Yan's "Poems of Sorrow and Indignation" "There is a lot of frost and snow in the place, Hu Feng spring and summer", Zhang Heng's "Four Sorrowful Poems", "I am thinking of the Yanmen Gate, I want to go from the snow and the clouds, and I look sideways to the north", Cao Zhi's "Shuo Feng Poems" "In the past I first moved, Zhu Hua did not xi, now I spin, Su Xueyun fei", Zhang Hua's "Song of The Return of the Master" "In the past, I braved the summer, now I came to bai xuefei", etc., or praised the sacrifice of the recruits for the country, or expressed the gratitude for the soldiers who had worked hard to conquer.
In modern times, intellectuals represented by Liang Qichao have elevated this worry of the people to the worry of the country and the nation, and concretely implemented it into action, and he named his study "Drinking Ice Room" and called himself "The Master of the Drinking Ice Room", and the collection of essays was compiled as "Drinking Ice Room Collection". The term "drinking ice" comes from the "Zhuangzi Human World": "I am ordered to drink ice at night, and my internal heat is different from that of the emperor. Liang Qichao faced with the country's internal and external troubles, the anxiety in his heart can be imagined, how to solve its "internal heat"? Only "drinking ice" can solve it. It is the generations of Chinese heroes who have the courage to exhaust the water and the ice to survive, and finally realize the "global cool and hot".
The aesthetic taste of Toshiyuki
Li Dongyang of the Ming Dynasty said in the "Poetry of Huailutang": "Astronomy only has the most snow poems, and flowers and trees have the most plum poems." When scientists are exploring "why every snowflake is different", Chinese literati have long given the answer: the same ice and snow, different personalities.
Where the snow falls, where the ice freezes, does not really matter, what matters is which poet's heart it falls.
Falling in the heart of the recruiter, it is a tree of pear blossoms, the bright color of the snow is the fighting spirit of the soldiers, and the cold appearance is a fiery heart inside. The blizzard that falls on Guanshan Mountain, "the snow clouds of the Tianshan Mountains are often not open, and the snow of the Thousand Peaks and Thousands of Ridges is Cui Wei" (Cen Shan's "Tianshan Snow Song Sends Xiao Zhi Back to Beijing"), it is the pride of the homeland in the sky, how can the bitter cold of shubian be able to defeat the hatred of the family and the country? Forged into the poet's pure state of mind and sincere affection. Falling at the feet of pedestrians, there is the music sound, "alone to the silver millet land, one line and one step of jade sand sound" (Yang Wanli's "Snow Frozen Has Not Disbanded Ce County Garden"), the sound of stepping on the snow is more able to wave the chest than the silver millet jade sand. Falling on the head of the returnee, it is the expectation, "Chaimen smells the barking of the dogs, and the wind and snow return to the people at night" (Liu Changqing's "Fengxue Su Furong Mountain Master"), Zhumen does not seem to be worthy of this snow, only the cold of the farmhouse is in line with the poetry. Falling in the wine glass is friendship, "late to the day to snow, can drink a cup of nothing" (Bai Juyi", "Ask Liu Nineteen"), the temperature of this wine is the temperature of the snow, the comfort of friendship is also the comfort of the spirit.
Literati and scholars do not dislike the interest of grass, trees, caryophyllus, wind, flowers and snow. Snow is like life, and the lightness of snowflakes is flowing, dissolving the poet's leisure interest. Gao Biao "sits and watches the green bamboo change into Qiongzhi" ("To the Snow"), and Wu Cheng "does not know who in the sky crosses the flute, blowing down the Qionghua full of the world" ("Li Chun Ri Yu Northern FuXue Poem") is the same as the same tone; Lu You "wants to be extremely book happy, less snow and ice days" ("Tangdong Xiao room deep and half of the play"), Bai Juyi "melts the snow and frys fragrant tea, mixes and cooks the milk" ("Late Rise"), reads tea in the snow, calmly and calmly; and Su Shi "life knows everywhere, should be like Feihong stepping on the snow mud" ("Hezi is nostalgic by the pond"),, Lyrical life is simple and free.
Snow has temperament, and the emptiness of snow can nourish the calmness and elegance of poetry. Wang Wei's "Watching the Hunt" "Grass withers eagle eye disease, snow is light on the horseshoe", Wang Anshi "only amorous branches on the snow, dark incense floating moon dusk" ("Five Songs"), Li Qingzhao "known spring in the snow, cold plums dotted with Qiongzhi greasy" ("Fisherman's Pride"), the poet tastes the beauty of ice, the spirituality of watching snow, and adds a lot of joy to life.
Snow has a heart, ice and snow have no bones but are arrogant, and when they approach a human body, they will turn into a long-sky song, and the spirit of arrogance and dry clouds will be thousands of spirits. The poetry immortal Li Bai held longquan Qiu Ma lightly crazy, "the ground is white and the wind is cold, and the snowflakes are as big as hands" ("Mocking the King Liyang refuses to drink"), how the snow of taibai is a big word, and it is even more difficult to imagine that "it should be the heavenly immortals who are drunk and crush the white clouds" ("Qingping Le Painting Hall Morning Rise"), and the heavens and horses are empty and empty.
Snow is like an elf, Liu Yuxi's "Autumn Snow in the South": "See autumn snow in the South Ridge, and a thousand disciples are cold early." At leisure, stop at the horse and look at the roller blinds at the heights. The fog dispersed and the sun oblique lead powder remained. On the curved river, the reflection enters the clear land. "Because of the snow in the mountains, it has achieved the final south American name, there is no somber atmosphere, and the clear under the autumn snow is full of life." Huang Tingjian", "The language is less tasteless, and the ice and snow look at this jun", and Xue has become a gentleman who looks at each other and is not tired.
The aesthetic of ice and snow can be called the ultimate of the aesthetic spirit of Chinese national art. "Snow poems have been passed down from the Tang Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty" "Yongxue poems to the Tang people, full of asanas, subtle to the extreme" (Li Dongyang,"Huailutang Poetry"). Love the ice and snow of bede, mourn the love of ice and snow, enjoy the beauty of ice and snow, sadness of ice and snow, enjoy the elegance of ice and snow, praise the wisdom of ice and snow, all into the poetry.
Snow can be quiet, "residual snow frozen border city" (Cui Hao's "Liaoxi Zuo"), "Qinghai Changyun Dark Snow Mountain" (Wang Changling's "March from the Army" (part 4)), the lonely silence of the border pass into a three-dimensional picture scroll. "The window contains the thousand autumn snow of the West Ridge, and the door is berthed by the East Wu Wanli Ship." (Du Fu's "Absolute Sentence") The quiet ice and snow contain infinite vitality. Snow can move, "Snow Pure Hu Tianmu Ma Huan" (Gao Shi "Plugged on the Flute"), "Pouring Out The Ear Without Hope, In the Eyes Hao Ji Jie" (Tao Yuanming's "In the Middle of december of the Year of Decay and from Brother Jingyuan"), "Cutting Drums and Snow on all Sides", "Sword River Wind and Snow Flakes Wide" (Cen Shan," "Wheel Song Feng Feng Feng Dafu Out of the West Expedition"), ice and snow have sound and color, can be heard and seen and enjoyed.
Snow can be Zen, "Taoist nature deceives ice and snow, Zen heart laughs at Qiluo" (Yu Xuanji "Reward Li Yin Summer Fishing Return Show"), "Daoist feasting is lifeless, Jiong Jiong layer chest illuminating ice and snow" (Zhou Quan's "Cold Spring Pavilion"), "Envy the abbot ice and snow is cold, Lan Anointing does not move the long bright lamp" (Su Shi", "Sending the Yuanshi Back to the Path Mountain"), snow helps people to meditate in silence, and can open the blinded self-nature. Snow can open wisdom, make people ice and snow smart, Du Fu "ice and snow pure wisdom, thunder go elite" ("Send Fan Twenty-three Attendants to Hanzhong Judge", if people's minds can be washed by ice and snow, it is particularly delicate and agile, snow can really purify people's hearts, cleanse the dust of the world.
Snow is a symbol of beauty, snow skin beauty, since ancient times is the highest evaluation of beauty: "JiDai has a beautiful person, the skin is like ice and snow" (Huang Tingjian's "Send Chao Yuanzhong Ten Songs One"), "Luoyang Jiali Ben Immortal, Ice and Snow Beauty Peach Li Nian" (Wu Yuanheng "Dai Jia Ren Gift Zhang Langzhong"), "Don't Hear Gu Shoot, Chitose Ice and Snow Muscle" (Bai Juyi", "Tongwei Farewell Guo Xuzhou Alchemist Fifty Rhymes"), "Beauty Ice and Snow Posture, Yi Yi Zi Zhi Mei" (White Jade Toad "Moon Garden"), "And the knife is like water, Wu Yan shengxue, and the hand breaks the new orange" (Zhou Bangyan Junior Tour").
Ice and snow can also form countless composite images with wax plums, phenoms, deserts, and fluffy grasses, reflecting the real world and the spiritual world of the poet. Or with feihong with snow, or with snow as a goose scene, it is really "every person does ice and snow, and the scene is a god". It is not difficult to understand why Xue Baochao in "Dream of the Red Chamber" uses ice and snow as a white begonia to summon the soul: "Rouge washes out the autumn step shadow, and ice and snow invite the soul of lu brick." ”
The pursuit of the personality of the bath snow spirit
"Bathing Snow Spirit" comes from "Zhuangzi Zhibei Tour": "Ruqi precepts, loose and heart, bathing snow and spirit." "Bathing in snow" means washing one's body with snow, and "spirit" means purifying the mind. The snow is white and pure, crystal clear, is a symbol of purity and cleanliness, and washing the body with snow can purify the mind. Traditional Chinese culture pays attention to self-cultivation and emphasizes the pursuit of personality. Ancient ice and snow poetry is inheriting the precious spirit of simplicity and frankness, purity and purity, and not losing morale.
Since Ge Hong of the Eastern Jin Dynasty used the phrase "walking in the snow with frost and snow, righteousness is not in harmony; according to the Tao, it is not a group" to refer to a noble personality spirit that is extraordinary and extraordinary, and the poetry of successive dynasties has given this spiritual brightness. The poet Bao Zhao of the Southern and Northern Dynasties period is a model, he uses the purity of snow to symbolize noble personality, and the cold of snow to symbolize the tribulations of life, and the two are perfectly integrated. In "Learning Liu Gonggan's Five Poems of Three", bai xue is self-metaphorical, and he writes a noble and independent spiritual quality without hidden music. "Hu Feng Blows Shuo Snow, Thousand Mile Longshan" expresses his humble origin in the legendary iceberg Longshan Snow, eager to enter the political arena and show his talents; "Zi Chen is beautiful, when avoiding the sunny day", taking the "sunny day" as the antithesis of the iceberg snow, conveying that he will never tarnish his own purity and immaculate in Vanity Fair. In the "Poetry of Yong Bai Xue", Bao Zhao borrowed the purity of Bai Xue as a metaphor for personal qualities: "Bai Guicheng confesses to himself, not as good as Xue Guangyan." Work with the movement of things, can be the direction of the square. No harm to the jade beauty, do not take the vegetarian fresh. Throw in the heart to obstruct the festival, and hide away from the glory year. Lan burned the stone is broken, and what is the use of Gong Fangjian. Unlike Bao Zhao, who borrowed white snow and Bai Gui to contrast, Xie Shuo highlighted the quality of other things with the cold of snow in "Autumn Bamboo Song", and lyrically wrote about the poet's quality of not being afraid of oppression and insisting on self: "But he can overpower the white snow, and the heart of the heart is shaded."
In Su Shi's ice and snow poems, he declares his bathing snow spirit everywhere: "The rock cliffs have been extinguished, the ice and snow are more refined", "It is more difficult to read Ru, the ice and snow fall" "Make my ice and snow intestines, not be stingy". Lu You "Mr. Dai Tent sees everywhere, the youth stands like ice and snow" "Ten years of lung thirst this evening is flat, the chest is piled with ice and snow"; Wen Tianxiang "Later Guangping intestines, ice and snow bones"; wearing retro "I have ice and snow in my heart, not invaded by the heat", Qiu Wanqing "Ice and snow do not invade the dust and do not pollute, but people only have years of cold pine", Duan Keji "The old juniper contains ice and snow exercises alone, and no one knows quietly in the spring", and the lofty ambition and indifferent interest are all in the ice and snow.
Liu Xun's "Wenxin Carved Dragon Divine Thought" further regards the spirit of bathing snow as one of the criteria for poetry review: "It is Tao Jun's literary thought, which is precious in emptiness, sparse in the five Tibetans, and the spirit of bathing snow." In the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Dai named the selected poems "A Volume of Ice and Snow Texts", and he clearly declared: "As for the Yu selected texts, take the ice and snow alone", "Therefore, I know that the mountains and rivers, clouds, water and fire, grass and trees, colors, sounds, and fragrances in the world do not have the atmosphere of ice and snow; so those who wantonly take and use them are not deeper than the poetry." "The ice and snow of the text are in the bones of the gods", and the poem "is a vein of tendons, limbs and skeletons, not bathed in the air of ice and snow, irrigating in it, then its poetry will not be good", from the real ice and snow abstraction to the poetry such a spiritual entity. The breath of ice and snow is both the standard of human beings and the standard of literature. The snow scene of the West Lake depicted in his "Lake Pavilion Looking at the Snow" is like the personified desolation of the ice and the purity of the snow, just like the cloud of his "Book of Stones": "The flesh of the world is easy to freeze, and it is not as strong as ice, and there is no purity; ying is not as good as ice, there is no clarity; it is not as good as ice, there is no rigidity." And ice is the body, not subject to dust..." Ice and snow have become a model of a pure and lonely personality, and the "fresh breath" that is revealed is exactly the "breath of ice and snow": "Life is born from the breath of ice and snow", "Ice and snow are in people, like fish in water, dragons are in stone, bathing day and night, special fish and dragons do not feel the ears." To cultivate this kind of ice and snow qi, it is necessary to achieve "iron must be hard by itself", constantly "bathing in the spirit of snow", the body is pure, and the heart is quiet.
Walking on the snow to find the beauty of life attitude
The day of ice and snow was originally the season when all things will rest and the heavens and the earth are vast, but the ancients loved to fish in the snow in such weather, read books on snow nights, and search for plums in the snow, conveying not only a picture of life, but also a kind of attitude of life that ignores the cold and fearless wind and frost.
The allusion of stepping on the snow to find plums has long been well known to the Chinese people. The Song Dynasty Sun Guangxian recorded in volume VII of the "Northern Dream Trivia" that Zheng Qi in the Tang Dynasty was quite famous for poetry, and the inspiration for composing poetry was inspired by wind and snow. Someone asked him: Is there any new poem in Xiangguo? He said, "Shi Si was on a donkey in the snow and wind of Baqiao, how could he get it here?" The Ming people mostly referred to Meng Haoran, and Cheng Yuwen recorded in the "Poetry Skills and Poetry": "Meng Haoran's poetry is on the back of a donkey in the snow and wind of Baqiao. Yu Qian has a poem "Title Meng Haoran Stepping on the Snow to Find Plums": "Full of wind and snow, the road is sloping, and the cane is looking for a restaurant." Wanli Creek mountain is the same color, I don't know where is the plum blossom. Zhang Dai explained in "Night Sailing Ship" that "stepping on the snow to find plums": "Meng Haoran has a wide range of feelings, often riding a donkey in the snow to find plums, that is: Wu Shisi is on the back of a donkey in the snow and wind of Baqiao. ”
Stepping on the snow to find plums has become the image description of the literati who use snow as a medium to stimulate poetry. Zhang Dai recorded two skits about snow and people in "Night Sailing Ship": "Wanting immortals to go" and "chewing plum swallowing snow". The former said that the crown of the Yue people, on a snowy day, climbed the furnace peak barefoot, and shouted: "The heavens and the earth are all made of white jade, so that people's hearts are bold and clear, and they want to go to immortality!" The latter said that there was an iron-footed Taoist who loved to walk barefoot in the snow, and when he was happy, he recited aloud the "Nanhua Sutra and Autumn Water", chewed plum blossoms in his mouth, and swallowed the snow, saying: "I want to stuff incense into my heart and bones." This scene is no different from the situation of modern people seeing snow and rejoicing, and the only rare thing to see is the scene of modern people running barefoot in the snow.
Stepping on the snow to find plums, it is regarded by the ancients as the supreme state of life, and it is pure and lofty. The poet is not so much looking for inspiration in the snow, but rather going deep into the spiritual vastness of the snow to capture the essence and vastness of nature. Proud of the bones boiled in snow, showing the beauty of personality. In this way, poets and people are ice and jade, proud and strong, majestic and domineering, elegant and unworldly, giving the spiritual power of self-transcendence. There are many more examples of the ancients who loved snow. Wang Gong, a Jin dynasty, was dressed in a crane in the snow and waded through the snow, when Meng Xu saw it, he exclaimed, "This true immortal is also a man." ”
Liu Zongyuan's famous poem "Jiang Xue": "A thousand mountain birds fly to extinction, and ten thousand paths of people disappear." Lonely boat, fishing alone in the snow of the Cold River. "It is written that the snow river is fishing alone, a strong Zen feeling. The heavens and the earth are white, the ice on the river surface is piled with snow, a boat and a person, what can't help themselves, what a thousand feet of red dust, all calm down in the ice and snow. Therefore, it has also achieved the Northern Song Dynasty Xu Daoning's "Snow Creek Fisherman's Father Map", the Southern Song Dynasty painter Ma Yuan's "Hanjiang Solo Fishing Map" and other world-famous paintings. If it is said that the snow river is fishing alone, it is not fish but loneliness, then the snow night reading, the snow mountain on the ancient or the snow hall dialogue conveys the heart-to-heart communication. Zhang Chao of the Qing Dynasty, who was well versed in the tastes of the literati, said in "Shadow of Dreams": "Because of the snow, I think of Gaoshi, because of the flowers, I want beauty." "Snow and Coats are spiritually connected. Therefore, the sentence "Crystal snow in the mountains" in "Dream of the Red Chamber" gives Zen a rhyme. Snow, which is a clean and quiet place to return, is the red dust where thousands of dust settle. As soon as the snow comes, the heart is at ease.
"Ice and snow for the companionship of guanshan mountain" of the feelings of home and country
Ice and snow poetry arrived in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, showing the most distinctive Chinese national spirit is the home and country feeling of "ice and snow as a companion to guard the Guanshan Mountains". The Quan Tang Poems contains more than 2,000 poems, of which hundreds of poets write about the snow at the border pass. Not only is there the heartwarming western border scenery of "the north wind rolls the white grass folds, Hu Tian august is flying snow", which stirs up the blood of poets and readers, but also the magical and romantic beautiful illusion of "suddenly like a night spring breeze, thousands of trees and pear blossoms", the poet uses the spring pear blossoms to compare the early white snow in the northwest, this magnificent style and the heroism of building a country write the heroism of the Tang people.
The Tang Dynasty border poems constitute a kind of cultural landscape with Han as Tang and snow as beauty, and the deserts, storms, ice skies and flying snow in the western region have diluted the desolation and bitter cold under the poet's pen, replaced by majestic and magnificent, highlighting the thriving scene and vigorous vitality of the Tang Dynasty, condensing a fascinating spirit of the times. If it is said that Lu Sidao's famous article "From the Army" still has the lament of the border pass: "When the snow first fell outside the Tianshan Mountain, the floating clouds went straight up to the five plains." Guan Shan is unsurpassable, who can sit on Fang Feiyue? The running water has cut off the human intestine, and the solid ice has hurt the horse bone... From the military, the king travels thousands of miles out of the dragon court. Shan Yu Weiqiao has now worshipped, where is the general looking for a meritorious name? "After entering the Tang Dynasty, the poems were a little more confident and proud. For example, Yang Jiong's "Marching from the Army" "Snow Dark Flag Painting, Wind and Miscellaneous Drum Sounds", writes that when the two armies are fighting, the snow is full of sky, the military flag is dim and blurry, and the wind is whistling, mixed with the sound of golden drums, which sets off the atmosphere of the war compact and powerful. In Wang Wei's "Long Xi Xing", "Guanshan is flying snow, and the beacon fire is smokeless", ending with the snow scene of Guanshan Mountain, which shows more calm and self-confidence.
Gao Shi's ice and snow have a cold breath, "Rock birds, ice and snow horses can be delayed", "Mo Yan guan plug pole, cloud snow is still long", there is also warmth: "Thousands of miles of yellow clouds in the daytime, the north wind blows geese and snow." Don't worry about the road ahead and don't know yourself, who in the world doesn't know the king?" Cen joined the army for six years, and his feelings for ice and snow were far better than Gao Shi's, and his "White Snow Song Sending the Military Judge Back to Beijing" and "Tianshan Snow Song Sending Xiao Zhi back to Beijing" were almost hymns of Tianshan Snow. In "Walking Ma Chuan XingFeng Sending Feng Dafu out of the Western Expedition", "horse hair with snow sweat steaming, five-lace money swirling into ice, the curtain of grass and water condensation" is even more exciting war drums, it seems that because of the ice and snow, those sacrifices, flesh and blood scenes, people do not feel sad and sad, but give birth to a sense of grandeur and excitement. Lu Lun's famous poem: "The black geese in the moon fly high, and they flee at night alone." To drive the light horse away, the snow is full of bow knives. "It's full of picture. Chen Yu's "Marching from the Army" "The horizontal flute smells and does not see anyone, and the red flag goes straight up to the snow of the Tianshan Mountains", which is simply a beautiful close-up.
In addition to the poets of Biansai, many Tang poets also yearn for Biansai ice and snow. For example, Li Bai left many famous passages: "Lamenting the Cold of Sandsai, Wind and Snow Lost in the River Continent" ("Gifting Cui Lang Zhongzongzhi")," "Guest House Smoke Waves Send Xiang Wu, Ling Frost Touches the Snow Hair Body Withered" ("Ming Yan Xing")," "Wash the Troops and Support the Sea Waves, Release the Snow Grass in the Ma Tianshan Mountains" ("Battle City South"). Many poems are written about the harshness of the battlefield through the scene of ice and snow, so as to achieve the heroic pride of the soldiers who are not afraid of hardships and dangers and swear to fight to the death. For example, Wang Changling's "Marching from the Army" (Part IV) first writes about the lonely city of the snowy mountains, and the desolate and lonely border passes, and describes the ambition and pride of the generals who "wear golden armor in a hundred battles in the yellow sand, and do not break the Loulan and never return it". Lu Rubi's "Four Grievances with Li Xiucai's Side Court" (part 4) begins with a rich and colorful narrative that "the wind blows through the sword, and the drinking horse Great Wall Cave is even colder", and the severe cold shape of the northern land with bone wind and snow is on the paper, paving the way for the soldiers' enthusiasm for fighting with one heart and no panic. Li Ji "camped for miles without a city, rain and snow have even the desert." Hu Yan mourned and flew at night, Hu Er's tears both fell", Bai Juyi "In order to ask Zhaojun to listen under the moon, how to smell in the snow of Su Wu", Wu Yuanheng "Enrong resigned from the forbidden purple, ice and snow crossed the Yellow River", Lin Kuan "took pictures flying in the air and flying in the snow, and the sound of cold out of the jade pass was late", all of which were full of strong national self-confidence and pride, and the harsh environment of biansai further stimulated the poet's pride and ambition. The background of the flying snow of Guanshan Mountain, the beacon fire Saihong, and the magnificent natural scenery of the border area is the home and country feeling of "ice and snow as a companion to guard Guanshan Mountain". And Mao Zedong's "marching in the snow is more urgent" is a symbol of the thousand-year-old ice and snow spirit of the Chinese nation.
The patriotic spirit of "The Iron Horse Glacier Comes to Dream"
If "ice and snow accompanying guanshan" is a bloody summary of the Tang people who can personally experience the tang people in the border plug to realize the feelings of home and country, then "the iron horse glacier into the dream" is a patriotic passion surging in the dream soul of the Song people who are eager to recover the mountains and rivers.
Lu You, who came from a famous and prestigious family in Jiangnan, was in the tense situation between the two Song Dynasties, and his lifelong ambition was to recover the old mountains and rivers. He and Huang Tingjian "in the north think of the jiangshan, like Huai Bingxueyan", "looking south to the wang shi for another year", leaving many patriotic poems comparable to the Tang Dynasty border poems. Among them, "Five Songs of Book Anger · One", "Lou Boat Night Snow Guazhou Ferry, Iron Horse Autumn Wind Great Dispersal" and "November 4th Wind and Rain Masterpiece" "Zombie Lonely Village Does Not Mourn, Shang Si for the National Shu Wheel Platform." Lying down at night to listen to the wind and rain, the iron horse glacier into the dream "is the most breathtaking." Although the poet cannot realize the dream of "Wang Shi Bei Ding Zhongyuan Day", in the night of the desolate and isolated village, the iron horse glacier can only appear in dreams, and there is an ambition in the air and cannot be exercised, but seeing the family country fluttering, the mountains and rivers broken, the sick and painful poet, the heart of defending the family and defending the country to death, can it not be admired?
Zhang Xiaoxiang, who was also born in Jiangnan at the same time as Lu You, was also born in Jiangnan, song Gaozong Shaoxing twenty-four years of zhuangyuan and the first, engaged in politics for more than ten years, vigorously advocated resistance to jin, wrote down many patriotic terms closely related to state affairs and side affairs, showing the southern Song Dynasty military and civilian "liver and gallbladder are ice and snow" personality spirit. "Water Tune Song Head and Pang Youfu Smell the Victory of Quarry", the beginning is "Snow Washes Dust Quiet", and "Nian Nu Jiao • Passing through the Cave Garden" is a popular ice and snow word: "Dong Ting grass, near the Mid-Autumn Festival, not a little wind color." Yujian Qiongtian is thirty thousand acres, and I am flattened with a leaf. The moon is shining, the Ming River is in the shadow, and the surface is clear. Leisurely heart will, the wonderful place is difficult to say with jun. Should read the linghai for many years, lonely light self-illumination, liver and gallbladder are ice and snow. Short hair Xiao Shuo sleeves are cold, steady and wide. Do your best to grasp the West River, carefully chop the Big Dipper, vientiane for guests. I don't know what time it is! "The liver and gallbladder are all ice and snow" and "the surface is clear" constitute an absolute, and the ambition to clarify the mountains and rivers and the heart after being dismissed from office convey a high-spirited and upward momentum.
Another patriotic lyricist of the Southern Song Dynasty, Xin Abandoned Disease, was also "restored" in his life, and he also sent love to ice and snow. "Evoke a bright moon one day, illuminate me full of ice and snow, and flow a hundred rivers." The whale has not swallowed the sea, and the sword qi has crossed the autumn" ("Water Tune Song Head and Ma Shudu Tour the Moon Wave Building"), this ice and snow is his full of patriotism. As for the 12 poems of his "Sheng Cha Zi", half of them lead snow into the poem: "A hundred flowers bloom on the head, and see in the cold of ice and snow" "Tall people and thousands of cliffs, thousands of ancient storage of ice and snow". Wen Tianxiang wrote not many poems at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, however, the ice and snow poems were still his lofty ambitions to resist the enemy and repay the country: "Or for the Liaodong hat, Qing Cao Li Bingxue." It is this indomitable spirit that has inspired countless Chinese sons and daughters to fight the ice and snow. Yu Qian, a patriotic general at the end of the Ming Dynasty, was not known as a poet, but there are many places in his poems that express this spirit. For example, "the snow swallows the felt of the sea head, and the festival falls to hate the leisurely" ("Su Li Weeping Farewell Map"), "A cloud of ice and snow contains strange quality, and the clouds are full of beautiful eyes" ("Yongbai Hai Dongqing"), the indomitable ice and snow wonder of the Chinese nation has undergone the baptism of ice and snow for thousands of years, and with the development of the times, it has become more and more magnificent, and the "ice sculpture lian" in Changjin Lake is a wordless epic monument.
Seeing the melancholy feelings of the people, the romantic and strange aesthetic taste, the personality pursuit of the bathing snow spirit, the attitude of walking on the snow and looking for plums, the loyal spirit of a piece of ice heart, the heroic and heroic feelings of home and country, etc. have built the great Ice and Snow Spirit of the Chinese Nation and cast the backbone of the Chinese nation. On November 14, 1945, Chongqing's "Xinmin Bao Evening Magazine" published a poem "Qinyuan Spring and Snow", which immediately caused a sensation in the north and south of the river as soon as the poem was published. Its author is Mao Zedong, a great man of a generation who loved the snow all his life. Originally a masterpiece of the Red Army's Long March in February 1936, this masterpiece was chosen to be published at this time after nearly a decade, which has great significance in itself. Just after more than 40 days of negotiations in Chongqing, the fate of the Chinese nation ushered in a major turnaround, where China will go, Mao Zedong was full of confidence: "Count the popular figures, but also look at the present dynasty." The poet believes that after experiencing the baptism of ice and snow, the ice and snow spirit of the Chinese nation immersed in bone and blood should look at the present dynasty even more.
(Author: Liu Xuyi, Postdoctoral Fellow, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Professor, Changsha Campus, Party School of the State Administration of Taxation of the Communist Party of China)
Source: Guangming Daily