Two ministries and commissions: Opinions on improving the institutional mechanisms and policy measures for the green and low-carbon transformation of energy

With the consent of the State Council, on February 10, the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration issued the Opinions on Improving the Institutional Mechanisms and Policy Measures for The Green and Low-Carbon Transformation of Energy (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions). The "Opinions" made relevant arrangements for improving the institutional mechanisms and policy measures for the green and low-carbon transformation of energy, and put forward 35 policy measures in 10 aspects around system construction, mechanism innovation, deepening reform and key policies.

The "Opinions" pointed out that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, an institutional framework for promoting the green and low-carbon development of energy will be basically established, a relatively perfect policy, standard, market and regulatory system will be formed, and a mechanism for promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of energy will be built. By 2030, basically establish a complete basic system and policy system for green and low-carbon energy development, and form an energy production and consumption pattern in which non-fossil energy not only basically meets the increase in energy demand, but also replaces the fossil energy stock on a large scale, and the energy security guarantee capacity is comprehensively enhanced。

The "Opinions" system proposes to improve the system and policy system for guiding green energy consumption, mainly including three aspects: First, improve energy consumption, carbon emission management and non-fossil energy target system. The second is to establish and improve the green energy consumption promotion mechanism。 The third is to promote the improvement of the level of low-carbon and electrification of terminal energy use in industries such as industry, construction, transportation and other industries, and reasonably control fossil energy consumption。

The original text is as follows:

National Development and Reform Commission National Energy Administration's opinions on improving the institutional mechanisms and policy measures for green and low-carbon energy transformation

Development and Reform Energy [2022] No. 206

The people's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, the relevant departments of the State Council, relevant central enterprises, and relevant industry associations:

Energy production and consumption-related activities are the most important sources of carbon dioxide emissions, and vigorously promoting carbon reduction in the energy sector is an important measure to do a good job in carbon neutrality and accelerate the construction of a modern energy system. Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, all regions and relevant departments have formulated a series of policies and measures around the green and low-carbon development of energy, and promoted the development and utilization of clean energy such as solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, biomass energy, and geothermal energy, and have achieved remarkable results, but the existing institutional mechanisms, policy systems, and governance methods still face some difficulties and challenges, and it is difficult to adapt to the needs of promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of energy under the new situation. In order to thoroughly implement the relevant requirements of the "Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on The Complete, Accurate and Comprehensive Implementation of the New Development Concept to Do a Good Job in Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality" and the "Carbon Peaking Action Plan before 2030", with the consent of the State Council, the following opinions are hereby put forward on improving the institutional mechanisms and policy measures for the green and low-carbon transformation of energy.

First, the general requirements

(1) Guiding ideology.

Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 19th Plenary Session, thoroughly implement Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, adhere to the general tone of the work of seeking progress in a stable manner, base ourselves on the new development stage, completely, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, deeply promote the energy consumption revolution, supply revolution, technology revolution, and institutional revolution, strengthen international cooperation in all directions, and proceed from the actual conditions of the country to make overall plans for development and security, stable growth and structural adjustment, Deepen the reform and innovation of institutional mechanisms in the field of energy, accelerate the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system, promote high-quality energy development and comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, and provide a guarantee for scientifically and orderly promoting the realization of carbon peaks and carbon neutrality goals on schedule and the construction of a modern economic system。

(2) Basic principles.

-- Adhere to the system concept and make overall progress. Strengthen top-level design, give full play to institutional advantages, handle the relationship between development and emission reduction, overall and partial, short-term and medium-term and long-term, handle the complementary, coordinated and substitution relationship between different energy varieties at various stages of transformation, promote the optimal combination of coal and new energy, and comprehensively promote the green and low-carbon transformation of energy in the whole country and in various regions。

-- Persist in ensuring safe and orderly transformation. Under the premise of ensuring energy security, we will orderly promote the green and low-carbon transformation of energy, establish first and then break, adhere to the national "chess game", and strengthen risk identification and control in the transformation。 On the basis of accelerating the formation of a reliable supply capacity for clean and low-carbon energy, gradually carry out safe and reliable replacement of fossil energy。

——Adhere to innovation-driven, intensive and efficient. Improve the innovation system and incentive mechanism in the energy field, and enhance the innovation capabilities of key core technologies。 Implement the principle of giving priority to conservation, focus on reducing the consumption of resources per unit of output and carbon emissions, enhance the efficiency of energy system operation and resource allocation, and improve the comprehensive economic and social benefits. Accelerate the formation of an incentive and constraint mechanism for pollution reduction and carbon reduction.

-- Adhere to market leadership and government guidance. Deepen the reform of the energy sector system, give full play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of resources, and build a fair, open and effective competition energy market system。 Give better play to the role of the government, strengthen guidance in planning guidance, policy support, market supervision, etc., and create a good development environment.

(3) Main objectives.

During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, we will basically establish an institutional framework for promoting the green and low-carbon development of energy, form a relatively perfect policy, standard, market and regulatory system, and build a green and low-carbon transformation promotion mechanism for energy led by the "dual control" of energy consumption and the non-fossil energy target system。 By 2030, basically establish a complete basic system and policy system for green and low-carbon energy development, and form an energy production and consumption pattern in which non-fossil energy not only basically meets the increase in energy demand, but also replaces the fossil energy stock on a large scale, and the energy security guarantee capacity is comprehensively enhanced。

Second, improve the coordinated promotion mechanism for the implementation of national energy strategies and plans

(4) Strengthen the guiding and binding role of energy strategy and planning。 Guided by the national energy strategy, strengthen the overall role of national energy planning, each province (autonomous region, municipality directly under the central government) combined with the national energy planning deployment and local actual conditions to formulate regional energy planning, clarify the goals and tasks of energy green and low-carbon transformation, strengthen the coordination and mutual assistance between various energy varieties, between the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, and between regions in the planning and implementation, and improve the overall level of energy green and low-carbon transformation and supply security。 Strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of energy planning, and improve the dynamic adjustment mechanism of planning。

(5) Establish a monitoring and evaluation mechanism for the green and low-carbon transformation of energy。 Focus on monitoring and evaluating indicators such as energy intensity, total energy consumption, proportion of non-fossil and renewable energy consumption, and carbon emission coefficient of energy consumption in various regions, and evaluate the implementation and actual effects of relevant mechanisms, policies and policies for energy green and low-carbon transformation。 Improve the assessment mechanism for green and low-carbon energy development, and strengthen relevant assessments in accordance with the energy-related binding indicators determined by the outline of the national economic and social development plan, the annual plan and the energy plan。 Encourage all regions to meet the minimum proportion of renewable energy consumption and other indicators stipulated by the State through regional collaboration or the development of renewable energy electricity consumption transactions。

(6) Improve the coordination mechanism of energy green and low-carbon transformation organizations。 The National Energy Commission coordinates strategies, development plans, action plans and policy systems related to the green and low-carbon transformation of energy。 Establish cross-departmental and cross-regional energy security and development coordination mechanisms, coordinate the construction of inter-provincial and inter-regional infrastructure and security systems such as energy transmission channels and reserves such as electricity and oil and gas, strengthen the connection between energy planning, major projects and special plans such as territorial spatial planning and ecological environmental protection, and timely study and solve problems in implementation。 Establish annual implementation of major policies for energy green and low-carbon transformation and safety guarantees, and ledgers for major project construction, and improve the supervision and coordination mechanism。

Third, improve the system and policy system for guiding green energy consumption

(7) Improve the "double control" of energy consumption and the non-fossil energy target system。 Adhere to the conservation of energy resources in the first place, strengthen the management of binding indicators for the reduction of energy intensity, effectively enhance the flexibility of total energy consumption management, add renewable energy and raw material energy use not included in the total energy consumption control, reasonably determine the energy intensity reduction target of each region, and strengthen the connection between the "double control" policy of energy consumption and the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality。 Gradually establish a carbon emission control mechanism in the energy sector。 Formulate and revise mandatory national standards for energy consumption quotas per unit of energy-using industries, and organize supervision and inspection of the implementation of key energy-using enterprises。 Research and formulate carbon emission accounting methods for key industries and key products. Comprehensively consider the status of renewable energy resources, development and utilization conditions and economic development levels in various regions, scientifically decompose the medium- and long-term total amount and minimum proportion targets for renewable energy development and utilization nationwide to each province (autonomous region and municipality directly under the Central Government), and improve the guarantee mechanism for renewable electricity consumption。 Promote local governments to establish and improve energy-using budget management systems, and explore the evaluation of energy consumption output benefits。 Strengthen top-level design and overall coordination, and accelerate the construction of a national carbon emission trading market, an energy use right trading market, and a green electricity trading market。

(8) Establish and improve mechanisms for promoting green energy consumption。 Promote the construction of a unified green product certification and labeling system, establish a green energy consumption certification mechanism, and promote all kinds of social organizations to accept certification results。 Establish a mechanism for the promotion of electric energy substitution, and strengthen technical guidance for electric energy substitution by improving relevant standards。 Improve and promote green electricity certificate trading, and promote green electricity consumption。 Encourage the whole society to give priority to the use of green energy and the procurement of green products and services, and public institutions should set an example. All regions should combine local realities, adopt advanced energy efficiency and green energy consumption standards, vigorously publicize the concept of energy conservation and green consumption, and carry out in-depth actions to create green life. Encourage qualified localities to carry out high-level green energy consumption demonstration construction, and advocate energy conservation and use in the whole society。

(9) Improve policies to support green energy consumption in the industrial sector。 Guide industrial enterprises to carry out clean energy substitution, reduce carbon emissions per unit of products, and encourage qualified enterprises to take the lead in forming low-carbon and zero-carbon energy consumption models。 Encourage the construction of green energy-using industrial parks and enterprises, develop industrial green microgrids, support the development and utilization of clean and low-carbon energy in their own places, build distributed clean energy and smart energy systems, reduce cross-subsidies and system backup fees for comprehensive utilization of power generation such as waste heat and residual pressure, and improve price policies that support spontaneous self-use distributed clean energy power generation。 Under the premise of complying with the power planning layout and the safe operation conditions of the power grid, encourage the realization of renewable energy power projects through innovative power transmission and operation methods to supply power to industrial parks or enterprises nearby, and encourage industrial parks or enterprises to purchase green electricity through the electricity market。 Encourage emerging key energy-using areas to meet energy demand mainly from green energy and make full use of waste heat and residual pressure and residual gas。

(10) Improve building green energy use and clean heating policies。 Improve building energy conservation standards, promote the large-scale development of ultra-low energy consumption buildings and low-carbon buildings, promote and support the energy-saving renovation of existing buildings, actively promote the use of green building materials, and improve the building energy consumption quota management system。 Improve the application standards for building renewable energy, encourage the integrated application of photovoltaic buildings, and support the construction of renewable energy building energy supply systems using solar energy, geothermal energy and biomass energy。 Promote the reform of heat metering and the intelligent construction of heating facilities in qualified areas, encourage charging according to heat, encourage electric heating enterprises and users to obtain low-cost electricity during trough periods through the electricity market, and comprehensively use peak-to-valley electricity prices, residential ladder electricity prices, and transmission and distribution price mechanisms to support them。 Implement the gas supply price policy to support the clean winter heating in rural areas in the northern region.

(11) Improve clean energy substitution policies in the field of transportation。 Promote the green and low-carbon transformation of transportation, optimize the transportation structure, and promote green and low-carbon transportation facilities and equipment. Promote large-capacity electrified public transportation and electric, hydrogen, advanced bio-liquid fuels, natural gas and other clean energy vehicles, improve the layout of charging and replacing, hydrogenation, and refueling (LNG) stations and service facilities, and reduce the cost of clean energy use in the field of transportation。 Support the layout and construction of transportation energy supply stations in terms of land space and other aspects, carry out the construction of multi-energy integrated transportation energy supply stations, promote the pilot demonstration of the interaction between new energy vehicles and power grids, and promote the coordinated development of vehicle piles and ship shores。 For the construction of new energy facilities along railway lines and highway service areas, etc., unified planning, unified implementation, and unified approval (filing) of projects in the same provincial-level area are encouraged.

Fourth, establish a new mechanism for green and low-carbon-oriented energy development and utilization

(12) Establish a census and information sharing mechanism for clean and low-carbon energy resources。 Combined with resource endowments, land use, ecological protection, land spatial planning, etc., with the city (county) level administrative region as the basic unit, comprehensively carry out detailed exploration and comprehensive evaluation of national clean and low-carbon energy resources, accurately identify and integrate clean and low-carbon energy resources that can be developed, and improve and dynamically update the national clean and low-carbon energy resource database。 Strengthen the connection with the land spatial basic information platform, timely incorporate spatial information such as the distribution of various types of clean and low-carbon energy resources into the "one map" of the national land spatial basic information platform and the national land spatial planning at the same level, and share it with local governments at all levels, enterprises, industry associations and research institutions in an appropriate manner。 Improve the technical capabilities of meteorological observation, resource evaluation, and forecasting related to renewable energy, and provide support for renewable energy resource census, project development, and power system operation。 Build a national energy basic information and sharing platform, integrate the information of the whole energy industry chain, and promote the development of the digital economy in the energy field。

(13) Promote the construction of an energy supply system with clean and low-carbon energy as the main body。 Focusing on desert, Gobi, and desert areas, accelerate the construction of large-scale wind power and photovoltaic power generation bases, upgrade existing coal-fired power units in the region, explore the establishment of a mechanism for coordinating the transmission and reception of new energy power to provide regulation for new energy power transmission, and support new energy power to be built, combined, and developed。 In accordance with the national energy strategy and planning and sub-field planning, each region shall comprehensively consider the energy demand and clean and low-carbon energy resources in the region, and under the overall framework of the provincial energy planning, guide and organize the formulation of implementation plans related to the development and utilization of clean and low-carbon energy at the municipal (county) level and the regional energy supply。 Each region shall give overall consideration to the energy demand and the amount of developable resources in the region, give priority to the development and utilization of local clean and low-carbon energy resources in accordance with the principle of proximity, actively introduce clean and low-carbon energy outside the region as needed, and form an energy production and consumption pattern that gives priority to meeting the new energy demand through clean and low-carbon energy and gradually replacing the existing fossil energy。 Encourage all regions to build new energy systems with multi-energy complementarity, nearby balance, and clean and low-carbon energy as the mainstay。

(14) Innovate mechanisms for the development and utilization of renewable energy in rural areas。 In rural areas, priority will be given to supporting rooftop distributed photovoltaic power generation and biomass power generation such as biogas power generation to connect to the power grid, and power grid enterprises should give priority to purchasing their power generation。 Encourage the use of land in rural areas that are suitable for decentralized development of wind power and photovoltaic power generation, and explore investment and operation models for renewable energy projects with unified planning, decentralized layout, cooperation between agricultural enterprises, and benefit sharing。 Encourage rural collective economic organizations to jointly invest and operate renewable energy power generation projects with specialized enterprises in the form of land use rights shareholding, joint venture, etc. in accordance with law, and encourage financial institutions to provide financing support for renewable energy power generation projects in accordance with the principles of marketization and the rule of law。 Increase support for the construction of rural power grids, and organize power grid enterprises to improve rural power grids。 Strengthen the innovation of rural power grid technology, operation and power trading methods, support the nearby trading of new energy power, and provide low-cost green energy for rural public welfare and domestic energy consumption and rural revitalization related industries。 Improve support policies and guarantee mechanisms for the development and utilization of biomass energy and geothermal energy such as large-scale biogas, bio-natural gas, and molding fuels。

(15) Establish a land space management mechanism for the development and utilization of clean and low-carbon energy。 Focusing on the work of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, we will consider the development of clean and low-carbon energy and the demand for land and sea for infrastructure such as energy transmission and storage. Improve the guidance policy for the classification of land for construction land for energy projects, adjust and optimize the requirements for the use of land for renewable energy development, formulate land support policies for the use of desert, Gobi, and desert land for the construction of renewable energy power generation projects, improve the protection system for nuclear power and pumped storage plants (sites) and ensure them in national land spatial planning, comprehensively consider the land needs of transmission channels and oil and gas pipeline corridors in national land spatial planning, and establish and improve mechanisms for sharing and coordinated management of land-related information。 Strictly regulate the collection of land-related (sea-related) taxes and fees for energy development in accordance with law。 Eligible renewable energy projects such as offshore wind power may apply for exemptions or exemptions for sea area use fees in accordance with regulations。 Encourage the promotion and application of land-saving technologies and land-saving models in the development and construction of new energy sources such as wind power。

V. Improve the construction and operation mechanism of the new power system

(16) Strengthen the top-level design of new power systems。 Promote the clean source of electricity and the electrification of terminal energy consumption, formulate a new power system development strategy and overall plan to meet the needs of the development of new energy power, and encourage all kinds of enterprises and other entities to actively participate in the construction of new power systems。 Evaluate the adaptability of green and low-carbon development of the existing power system, and improve the technology and optimization system in terms of grid architecture, power supply structure, source network load-storage coordination, digital intelligent operation control, etc. Strengthen the basic theoretical research of new power systems, promote breakthroughs in key core technologies, and study and formulate relevant standards for new power systems。 Promote the integration and development of the Internet, digitalization, intelligent technology and power system, promote the development of new technologies, new formats and new models, and build a smart energy system。 Strengthen the construction of new power system technology systems, carry out relevant technology pilots and regional demonstrations。

(xvii) Improve power grid systems that adapt to the in-depth utilization and wide-area transmission of renewable energy local areas。 Optimize the overall transmission network and power system operation, and improve the transmission and consumption capacity of renewable energy electricity。 Through the optimization and adjustment of power supply configuration and operation, as far as possible, increase the stock of transmission channels to transmit renewable energy electricity, clarify the minimum specific gravity indicators and conduct assessment。 Coordinate the layout of large-scale power bases based on the transmission of renewable energy power, and optimize the allocation of regulatory resources in the provincial power grid and above。 Improve the coordination mechanism for renewable energy power transmission and consumption that combines the intergovernmental agreements of relevant provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) with the electricity market, strengthen the interconnection of inter-provincial and inter-regional power grids, further improve the inter-provincial and inter-regional electricity price formation mechanism, and promote the consumption of renewable energy on a larger scale。 Vigorously promote the construction of smart distribution networks that accommodate a high proportion of distributed new energy power, and encourage the construction of smart energy systems and microgrids that integrate source networks, loads, and storage, and complement each other with multiple energy。 Power grid enterprises should improve the capacity of new energy power to accept, dynamically publish the capacity information that can accept new energy power in the operating area and provide inquiry services, and connect new energy power generation projects and distributed generation projects that meet the conditions for planning and safe production to the power grid in accordance with laws and regulations, so that they should be merged and combined。

(xviii) Improve the market mechanism adapted to the new power system。 Establish a unified national electricity market system, accelerate the construction of the power auxiliary service market, promote the pilot operation of the electricity spot market in key regions, improve the organic connection mechanism for medium- and long-term electricity, spot and auxiliary service transactions, explore the capacity market trading mechanism, deepen the reform of key areas such as power transmission and distribution, and promote the green and low-carbon development of electric power through market-oriented methods。 Improve the electricity trading mechanism conducive to the preferential use of renewable energy, carry out green electricity trading pilots, and encourage new energy power generation entities to sign long-term power purchase and sale agreements with power users or electricity sales companies。 Support emerging market entities such as microgrids, distributed generations, energy storage and load aggregators to independently participate in power trading。 Actively promote the market-oriented trading of distributed generation, support distributed generation (including electric energy storage, electric vehicle ships, etc.) and power users in the same distribution network to trade nearby through the power trading platform, power grid enterprises (including incremental distribution network enterprises) to provide technical support such as transmission, metering and transaction settlement, and improve the price policies and market rules that support the market-oriented transaction of distributed generation。 Improve electricity pricing policies that support energy storage applications。

(19) Improve the construction and operation mechanism of flexible power supplies。 Comprehensively implement the flexibility transformation of coal-fired power units, improve the technical standards for the minimum output of coal-fired power units, and scientifically verify the deep peak regulation capacity of coal-fired power units; build natural gas "double peak regulation" power stations that not only meet the needs of power operation and peak regulation, but also have a regulatory effect on the seasonal difference of natural gas consumption; actively promote the construction of river basin control regulation reservoirs and the expansion and capacity of conventional hydropower stations, accelerate the construction of pumped storage power stations, explore the application of small and medium-sized pumped storage technology, and promote cascade hydropower storage; give play to the regulatory role of solar thermal power generation. Carry out research and demonstration of new energy storage projects such as the transformation of abandoned mines and energy storage, and gradually expand the application of new energy storage。 Comprehensively promote the participation of enterprise-owned power plants in power system regulation, and encourage industrial enterprises to give play to the regulation capacity of self-owned power plants to use new energy nearby。 Improve the price compensation mechanism that supports the operation of flexible coal-fired power units, natural gas peak-shaving units, hydropower, solar thermal power generation, and energy storage, and other regulating power generation。 Encourage new energy power generation bases to enhance their autonomous regulation capabilities, and explore integrated participation in the operation of the power system。 Improve the mechanism for pumped storage and new energy storage to participate in the electricity market, and better play the role of relevant facilities in regulating。

(20) Improve the power demand response mechanism。 Promote the market-oriented construction of power demand response, promote the integration of demand-side adjustable resources into the balance of electricity and electricity, and give play to the role of demand-side resources in peak shaving and valley filling, promoting the balance of power supply and demand, and adapting to the operation of new energy electricity。 Broaden the scope of implementation of power demand response, tap various types of demand-side resources through various ways and organize their participation in demand response, support user-side adjustable resources such as user-side energy storage, electric vehicle charging facilities, and distributed generation, as well as load aggregators, virtual power plant operators, and integrated energy service providers to participate in electricity market transactions and system operation regulation。 Clarify the standard requirements for the safe development of user-side energy storage, and strengthen safety supervision. Accelerate the market-oriented construction of demand response, and explore the establishment of a market-based demand response compensation mechanism. Comprehensively investigate and evaluate demand response resources and establish hierarchical classification lists to form a dynamic demand response resource database.

(21) Explore the establishment of a regional comprehensive energy service mechanism。 Explore the operation of a multi-energy complementary and multi-energy combined regional integrated energy system integrating power supply, heating (cooling) and gas supply by the same market entity, and encourage local governments to adopt competitive methods such as bidding to select regional comprehensive energy service investment and operation entities。 Encourage incremental distribution networks to increase the proportion of clean energy by expanding distributed clean energy in the region and accepting renewable energy outside the region。 Public power grid enterprises and gas supply enterprises shall provide reliable energy supply for integrated energy service operators, and do a good job of connecting the operation of supporting facilities。 Encourage the improvement of the level of smart energy collaborative services, strengthen the platform service and business model innovation of common technologies, fully rely on existing facilities, and strengthen the open sharing of data resources under the premise of ensuring the security of energy data and information。

Sixth, improve the clean and efficient development and utilization mechanism of fossil energy

(22) Improve policies for the clean development and utilization of coal。 Based on the basic national conditions of coal-based, in accordance with the different stages of energy development, give full play to the basic role of coal in energy supply security。 Establish a long-term mechanism for the green development of coal mines, optimize the layout of coal production capacity, increase the intensity of coal mines to "increase the pressure on the big and small, increase the superior and eliminate the inferior", and vigorously promote the clean and efficient utilization of coal。 Formulate mine optimization system support policies, improve the green intelligent coal mine construction standard system, and improve the coal mine intelligent technology, equipment, talent development support policy system。 Improve the comprehensive utilization of resources such as coal gangue, mine water, and coal mine underground extraction gas, and support policies for ecological governance and restoration in mining areas, increase efforts to support the promotion and application of coal mine filling mining technologies, and encourage the use of abandoned mining areas to carry out the development and construction of new energy and energy storage projects。 Accelerate the handling of environmental protection, land use, approval, mining and other related procedures for high-quality production capacity such as green and intelligent coal mines and guaranteed supply of coal mines in accordance with laws and regulations。 Scientifically assess the impact of the reduction of output and the closure and withdrawal of coal enterprises, and study and improve support policies such as the withdrawal and transformation and development of coal enterprises and the placement of employees。

(23) Improve policies for the clean and efficient transformation of coal power。 Under the premise of ensuring the safety and supply of electricity, we will coordinate and coordinate coal control and coal reduction in an orderly manner, and promote the transformation of coal power to a basic guarantee and a system regulating power supply。 In accordance with the needs of safe and stable operation and supply assurance of the power system, strengthen the overall coordination between coal-fired power units and non-fossil energy power generation, natural gas power generation and energy storage。 Promote energy-saving and efficiency-enhancing, ultra-low emission upgrading and transformation of coal-fired power units, and rationally build advanced coal-fired power units according to the needs of energy development and safe supply。 Fully tap the heating potential of existing large-scale cogeneration enterprises, encourage the implementation of cogeneration transformation of existing condensate coal-fired power units within a reasonable heating radius, encourage the construction of coal-fired back-pressure heating units in areas where coal-fired heating is allowed, and explore the transformation of coal-fired power units for pumped steam storage。 Orderly promote the shutdown and integration of backward coal-fired power units, and increase the elimination of coal-fired boilers。 In principle, no new coal-fired captive power plants will be added, promote the fair assumption of social responsibility by coal-fired self-owned units, and increase the intensity of energy conservation and emission reduction of coal-fired self-owned units。 Support the construction of new energy storage facilities or the conversion of synchronous modulation cameras using existing plant sites and related facilities of decommissioned thermal power units. Improve the support policies for research and development and test demonstration projects of carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage technology in the field of thermal power。

(24) Improve the mechanism for clean and efficient utilization of oil and gas。 Improve the clean and efficient mining capacity of oil and gas fields, promote the transformation and upgrading of the refining and chemical industry, and increase the coordination of pollution reduction and carbon reduction. Improve the coordinated development mechanism of oil and gas and geothermal energy, wind energy, solar energy and other energy resources, encourage oil and gas enterprises to use their own construction land to develop renewable energy and build distributed energy facilities, and build a multi-energy integrated regional energy supply system in the oil and gas field area。 Continue to promote the fairness and opening of the oil and gas pipeline network and improve access standards, sort out the natural gas supply links and reduce the gas supply level, support the access of clean fuels such as biofuel ethanol, biodiesel, and bio-natural gas to the oil and gas pipeline network under the premise of meeting safety and quality standards, and explore efficient hydrogen transmission methods such as hydrogen-mixed transportation in gas pipelines, pure hydrogen pipeline transportation, and liquid hydrogen transportation。 Encourage traditional gas stations and gas stations to build integrated transportation energy service stations for oil, gas, electricity and hydrogen。 Strengthen the promotion and demonstration of carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage technology, expand the application of carbon dioxide flooding technology, and explore the use of oil and gas exploitation to form an underground space to seal carbon dioxide。

7. Improve the energy green and low-carbon transformation safety and supply system

(25) Improve energy forecasting and early warning mechanisms。 Strengthen the construction of national and hierarchical energy production, supply and consumption information systems, establish cross-departmental and cross-regional energy security monitoring and early warning mechanisms, all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) should establish a regional energy comprehensive monitoring system, and power grids, oil and gas pipeline networks and key energy supply enterprises should improve the operation of regional energy supply monitoring platforms and timely report relevant information to the competent departments。 Strengthen the monitoring and evaluation capacity of energy forecasting and early warning, establish a joint response mechanism for extreme weather covering energy, emergency response, meteorology, water conservancy, geology and other departments, and improve the ability of prediction and prediction and disaster prevention。 Improve the energy supply risk response mechanism, improve the energy supply emergency plan under extreme circumstances and the coordinated regulation and control mechanism under emergency conditions。

(26) Build a power system for safe operation and comprehensive defense。 The operation of all kinds of generating units should strictly comply with the "Regulations on the Administration of Power Grid Dispatching" and other laws and regulations and technical specifications, establish a review mechanism for the withdrawal of coal-fired power units, and coal-fired power units that undertake the task of supporting the operation and supply of the power system shall not withdraw from operation without permission, and may be converted into emergency standby units after assessment according to the performance of the unit and the operation needs of the power system。 Establish a safety assessment system for power planning at all levels, improve the technical standards for the connection of various types of power supplies to the grid, and control safety risks from the source。 Improve the management of the balance of electricity and electricity, and formulate an annual power system safety and supply guarantee plan。 Establish an information sharing and emergency linkage mechanism between power enterprises, fuel supply enterprises and pipeline and transmission enterprises to ensure energy supply in extreme cases。 Establish a cross-departmental joint prevention and control mechanism for important transmission channels, and improve the safety assurance capabilities for the operation of important transmission channels。 Establish and improve the load center and the super large urban emergency safety guarantee power supply system。 Improve the security prevention and control system of the power monitoring system, and strengthen the security protection of the key information infrastructure in the power industry。 Strictly implement the main responsibilities of local governments and relevant power enterprises for power safety production and supply guarantee, coordinate and promote the construction of electric power emergency systems, strengthen the prevention and disposal capabilities of safety accidents such as new energy storage facilities, and improve the level of intrinsic safety。 Improve the power emergency guarantee system, improve the power emergency system, standards and plans。

(27) Improve the energy supply guarantee and reserve emergency response system。 Coordinate the green and low-carbon transformation of energy and the security of energy supply, improve the ability to ensure energy supply that adapts to economic and social development and various extreme situations, optimize the layout of energy reserve facilities, and improve the coordination mechanism for ensuring the supply of coal, electricity, oil and gas。 Accelerate the formation of an oil reserve system in which government reserves, corporate social responsibility reserves and production and operation stocks are organically combined and complement each other, and physical reserves, production capacity reserves and other reserve methods are combined. Improve the coal products, production capacity reserve and emergency reserve system, improve the emergency peak shaving capacity, adjustable inventory and coal reserve mechanism of key power plants, and establish a coal emergency reserve system with enterprises as the main body and market-oriented operation。 Establish and improve a multi-level natural gas storage peak regulation and emergency response system in which local governments, gas supply enterprises, pipeline transmission enterprises, and urban gas enterprises are each responsible。 Formulate policies to support coal-to-oil and gas technology reserves。 Improve the coal, oil and natural gas production, supply, storage and marketing system, and explore the establishment of a hydrogen energy production, supply, storage and marketing system。 Actively promote the construction of longtou reservoir power stations in the river basin according to the plan, and improve the capacity of reservoir energy storage, operation regulation and emergency call。

8. Establish a scientific and technological innovation system that supports the green and low-carbon transformation of energy

(28) Establish a major scientific and technological collaborative innovation system for clean and low-carbon energy。 Build and give full play to the role of national laboratories in the field of energy, form an energy technology innovation system led by national strategic scientific and technological forces, with enterprises as the mainstay, market as the guide, and deep integration of production, education and research, and accelerate breakthroughs in a number of key technologies for clean and low-carbon energy。 Support leading enterprises in the industry to jointly build a national R&D and innovation platform in the field of energy by joining forces with colleges and universities, scientific research institutes and upstream and downstream enterprises in the industry, and promote the sharing and optimal allocation of resources of various scientific and technological forces。 Carry out joint research on key technologies such as basic components and components, basic software, basic materials, and basic processes in the energy field, and implement collaborative innovation research on major energy science and technology。 Strengthen the research and development of safety technologies related to new energy storage, and improve technical standards and specifications for equipment and facilities, planning and layout, design and construction, and safe operation。

(29) Establish a collaborative innovation mechanism for the supply chain of the clean and low-carbon energy industry chain。 Promote the construction of a clean and low-carbon energy technology innovation promotion mechanism guided by demand-side technological progress, deep integration of industry, education and research, upstream and downstream collaboration, and supply chain collaboration。 Relying on major energy projects such as large-scale new energy bases, promote upstream and downstream enterprises to coordinate the research and development, manufacturing and application of advanced technology and equipment, and form advanced technology and industrialization capabilities through engineering integration and application。 Accelerate the collaborative research and industrialization demonstration of key technologies for advanced renewable energy fuels such as cellulose, such as non-grain biofuel ethanol and bioaviation kerosene。 Promote the high-quality development of the energy and electronics industry, promote the integration and innovation of information technology and products with clean and low-carbon energy, and accelerate the innovation and upgrading of smart photovoltaics。 Relying on the existing foundation to improve the clean and low-carbon energy technology innovation service platform, promote the deep integration of scientific and technological services such as research and development design, measurement and testing, testing and certification, and intellectual property services with the clean and low-carbon energy industry chain。 Establish mechanisms for the evaluation, transformation and promotion of clean and low-carbon energy technology achievements。

(30) Improve the incentive policies for scientific and technological innovation in the green and low-carbon transformation of energy。 Explore strategic clean and low-carbon energy technology research and development and demonstration projects that attract social capital to support large investment and high research difficulties in a market-oriented manner。 Adopt methods such as "unveiling the commander-in-chief" to organize major key technical research, improve policies to support the demonstration and application of the first (set) advanced major energy technology and equipment, and promote the promotion and application of major technical equipment in the energy field。 Strengthen the assessment of energy conservation and low carbon related to state-owned energy enterprises, promote enterprises to increase investment in energy technology innovation, promote the application of new technologies, and improve the level of technology。

9. Establish a fiscal and financial policy guarantee mechanism to support the green and low-carbon transformation of energy

(31) Improve diversified investment and financing mechanisms to support the green and low-carbon transformation of energy。 Increase investment and financing support for clean and low-carbon energy projects and energy supply security projects。 Through the central budget investment, we will support projects with high contributions to carbon emission reduction in the energy sector, and include major clean and low-carbon energy projects that meet the conditions into the scope of special bond support of local governments。 The National Green Development Fund and the existing low-carbon transformation related funds should take the development and utilization of clean and low-carbon energy, the construction of new power systems, and the green and low-carbon transformation of fossil energy enterprises as key support areas. Promote market-oriented investment and financing of clean and low-carbon energy-related infrastructure projects, and study the inclusion of clean and low-carbon energy projects in the pilot scope of real estate investment trusts (REITs) in the infrastructure sector. The central financial funds are further inclined to rural energy construction, using existing financial channels to support the construction of rural energy supply infrastructure, clean heating in the northern region in winter, and building energy conservation。

(32) Improve financial support policies for the green and low-carbon transformation of energy。 Explore the development of supply chain finance in the clean and low-carbon energy industry. Improve the approval process and rating methods for enterprise loans in the clean and low-carbon energy industry, and fully consider the long-term growth of the relevant industrial chains and their contributions to carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Innovate green financial products that adapt to the characteristics of clean and low-carbon energy, encourage eligible enterprises to issue green bonds such as carbon neutral bonds, guide financial institutions to increase support for projects with significant carbon emission reduction benefits, and encourage the issuance of sustainable development-linked bonds to support the green and low-carbon transformation of fossil energy enterprises。 Explore and promote the application of basic energy information, and provide information service support for financial support for the green and low-carbon transformation of energy。 Encourage energy companies to practice the concept of green development and fully disclose relevant information on carbon emissions。

10. Promote international cooperation in the green and low-carbon transformation of energy

(33) Promote green energy cooperation along the "Belt and Road"。 Encourage innovation in financial products and services, and support the development and utilization of clean and low-carbon energy along the "Belt and Road"。 Promote the "Belt and Road" green energy pragmatic cooperation, and explore the establishment of a collaborative development and cooperation mechanism for upstream and downstream enterprises in the clean and low-carbon energy industry chain。 Guide enterprises to carry out foreign investment in the field of clean and low-carbon energy, and pay attention to resource conservation, environmental protection and safe production in the development of related projects. Promote the construction of best practice projects for energy cooperation. Manage the production, circulation and export of products with high carbon emission intensity in accordance with laws and regulations。

(34) Actively promote cooperation in the development of green and low-carbon transformation in global energy governance。 Build and operate the "Belt and Road" energy partnership and the International Energy Reform Forum, and strive to play a better role in the process of global green and low-carbon transformation. Relying on cooperation platforms such as China-Arab League, China-AU, China-ASEAN, China-Central and Eastern Europe, and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Sustainable Energy Center, we will continue to support cooperation in the training of technical talents related to clean and low-carbon energy such as renewable energy, electricity, nuclear power, and hydrogen energy, and carry out capacity building, policy, planning, standard docking and talent exchanges. Enhance the level of cooperation with international organizations such as the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), and actively participate in and guide cooperation in the green and low-carbon transformation of energy under multilateral frameworks such as the United Nations, the Group of Twenty (G20), APEC, BRICS countries, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.

(35) Make full use of international factors to help domestic energy green and low-carbon development。 Implement the Catalogue of Encouraged Foreign Investment Industries, improve relevant support policies, and attract and guide foreign investment in clean and low-carbon energy industries。 Improve the incentive mechanism for encouraging foreign investment to integrate into the mainland's clean and low-carbon energy industry innovation system, and strictly protect intellectual property rights。 Strengthen international cooperation in green electricity certification, advocate the establishment of an international green power certification system, and actively guide and participate in the research and formulation of international standards such as the issuance, measurement and trading of green power certificates。 Promote the establishment of an international cooperation platform for clean and low-carbon energy technology innovation such as the China-EU Energy Technology Innovation Cooperation Platform, support multinational enterprises to set up joint research and development centers for clean and low-carbon energy technologies in China, and promote joint research and innovation and demonstration applications in the field of clean, low-carbon, decarbonization and carbon-free.

11. Improve the governance mechanism related to the green and low-carbon development of energy

(36) Improve the system of energy laws and standards。 Strengthen the construction of a legal system for green and low-carbon energy development, revise and improve the legal system in the field of energy, and improve the energy legal system system that meets the needs of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality。 Enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of relevant laws and regulations, and comprehensively clean up the contents of existing laws and regulations in the energy field that are incompatible with the requirements of carbon peak carbon neutrality work。 Improve the standard system related to clean and low-carbon energy, accelerate the research and revision of technical standards and safety standards in the fields of clean and efficient thermal power, renewable energy power generation, nuclear power, energy storage, hydrogen energy, clean energy heating, and new power systems。 Promote the internationalization of standards in the fields of solar power generation and wind power。 Encourage all regions, industry associations, enterprises, and so forth to formulate stricter local standards, industry standards, and enterprise standards in accordance with law. Formulate a green and low-carbon industry guidance catalogue in the energy field, establish and improve technical standards related to the green and low-carbon transformation of energy and corresponding accounting standards for carbon emissions and carbon emission reduction。

(37) Deepen the reform of "decentralization services" in the energy field。 Continue to promote the simplification of administration and decentralization, continue to delegate or cancel non-essential administrative licensing matters, further optimize the business environment in the energy sector, and enhance the innovation vitality of market players。 Break down all kinds of obstacles and hidden barriers restricting market competition, implement the negative list system for market access, and support all kinds of market entities to enter the energy field outside the negative list on an equal footing in accordance with the law。 Optimize the approval and filing process for clean and low-carbon energy projects, and simplify the management procedures for distributed energy investment projects。 Innovate the management mechanism for the construction of comprehensive energy service projects, encourage all regions to rely on the national online approval and supervision platform for investment projects to establish a multi-departmental joint review mechanism for comprehensive energy service projects, and implement one-window acceptance and parallel approval。

(xxxviii) Strengthen supervision in the energy sector。 Strengthen supervision of energy market transactions related to green and low-carbon development, clean and low-carbon energy utilization, etc., and maintain a fair and just energy market order。 Steadily promote the reform of the natural monopoly industry in the energy sector, and strengthen the supervision of relevant enterprises in planning implementation, fairness and openness, operation scheduling, service prices, social responsibility and other aspects。 Improve the assessment mechanism for enterprises in natural monopoly links such as power grids and oil and gas pipeline networks, focusing on assessing the performance of relevant enterprises in their responsibilities such as energy supply guarantee, scientific and technological innovation, and ecological environmental protection。 Innovate the supervision of new industries and new formats such as integrated energy services, new energy storage, and smart energy.

National Development and Reform Commission

National Energy Administration

January 30, 2022

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