The Spring Festival of 2022 is approaching, which is the 42nd Spring Festival since the establishment of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. The hundred festivals are the first, the New Year, the Spring Festival, has become the most important life ritual of the Chinese, it flows from the long river of history, has been shining the spiritual map and homeland consciousness of the Chinese, as an important symbol of the wheel of time, the New Year interprets the most universal joy and reunion of the Chinese, it is also the most vivid and vivid Chinese story.
Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, every Spring Festival, the most spectacular picture of population flow in human history has been staged on the land of China, and Shenzhen, as the forefront of reform and opening up, is also one of the "witnesses" and "witnesses". However, in the past ten years of the Spring Festival, we have seen a new phenomenon, more and more people in Shenzhen New Year, some of the distant parents to Shenzhen, some in Shenzhen to establish a new Spring Festival code and festival methods, Shenzhen is no longer an "empty city" in the festival, but a bustling city with a strong New Year flavor and fireworks.
Combing through the history of Shenzhen people over the past 40 years, we find that this city has changed from "other people's city" in the 1980s and 1990s to "their own home" after the new century, and the concept of "Shenzhen people who come here" has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and the sense of identity and belonging of Shenzhen people in this land has become more and more intense. Shenzhen is no longer a sojourn in the sense of space or a certain node of life, but a real home - a double home of body and spirit.
Shenzhen 2022 Bay Area Super Lantern Festival.
On January 25, 2022, Longhua District presented a Chinese New Year's Eve meal package to more than 500 people from the frontline of the fight against the epidemic, sanitation workers, Meituan riders, construction workers, etc., to show the exquisite skills of Cantonese cuisine masters and send Spring Festival blessings.
1980s and 1990s
Shenzhen is "someone else's city"
The Spring Festival stages the loneliness of foreigners
"No city like this / Spring Festival is coming, staging an empty city / No city like this / Harmonizing the trajectory of life in my fascination / / That miserable morning / Cannon and bamboo chips circling in the alleys / So many doors are closed / This is the first day of the New Year, I walked at the age of nineteen / / Sister made fish in her dormitory with a small kerosene stove / Her waiting is the only warmth in the cold wind / I greeted a few familiar faces in the dormitory / Sat down with my sister to enjoy the heat of the fish // No city like this/Chinese festival is an unforgettable memory."
This is a poem written by the poet Xie Xiangnan in the mid-1990s, describing his Spring Festival in Shangsha Village, Shenzhen in 1994, which was also his first Spring Festival in Shenzhen. In his book "Shenzhen Time", he also recounts the scene of the first unforgettable Spring Festival spent in Shenzhen that year.
In Shenzhen in 1990, there were more than 1.6 million foreigners like Xie Xiangnan, and according to official statistics, throughout the 1990s, the average annual population of Shenzhen grew by 465,000, exceeding 7 million in 2000. In 1990, Shenzhen writer Lin Jian published the novella "Other People's City" in "Flower City", Lin Jian was known as the first generation of "migrant writers", this novel can also be said to be a landmark literary work in Shenzhen, since then " other people's city" as a cultural symbol has become a synonym for Shenzhen by many outsiders.
Cultural scholar Hu Yeqiu also came to Shenzhen in the early 1990s. He told nandu reporter, "The most impressive Spring Festival is the first year of coming to Shenzhen thirty years ago, when the permanent population of Shenzhen was less than 3 million, and most people chose to return to their hometown for the New Year, so the whole city is really a crowded alley, I walked on the empty Shennan middle road, I feel a bit like the situation of Apollo landing on the moon." That year's Chinese New Year's Eve I was in the radio station's live broadcast room, when the old radio station was still in Honggui Road, the program recorded at that time was called "Night Sky Is Not Lonely", in fact, the host XiaGuang and several of our guests were very lonely, and the listeners who kept calling in also told about loneliness. ”
Nan Zhaoxu, a scholar and writer who has long studied the local nature and history of Shenzhen, came to Shenzhen in 1989 to settle down. He also remembers the first Spring Festival in Shenzhen in 1990: "I feel that there is no one in the whole of Shenzhen, the streets are empty, there are no service facilities, the shops are closed, there is no stove in the residence at that time, Chinese New Year's Eve day, my wife and I could not find a place to eat, and finally found the East Gate, there is a stall selling skewers on the street, I bought some roasted dumplings, and passed the year." There are very few people, and there are no programs, and it is very clear that everyone regards this city as an excessive place, usually works here, and leaves in a hurry during the Spring Festival. ”
(Leaving the first-tier cities and the Spring Festival "motorcycle army" in the Pearl River Delta: Around 2000, many migrant workers working in the Pearl River Delta bought motorcycles, which are usually used for commuting, and when they can't buy tickets during the Spring Festival, they directly ride home on motorcycles.) ）
Yang Honghai, an expert in the Guangdong Provincial Intelligence Expert Database, honorary chairman of the Shenzhen Civic Writers Association, and president of the Shenzhen Hakka Cultural Exchange Association, was also the most impressive Spring Festival in Shenzhen in 1990.
On the one hand, there are migrant workers carrying large bags and small bags to squeeze into the train of the Spring Festival to return home, on the other hand, there are also a small number of people who have just come from the mainland to experience the tourist attractions of Shenzhen, a new city. In the 1980s and 1990s, Luohu Railway Station became a real crowded place. Especially around the Spring Festival, people who came to Shenzhen in that year will have a deep impression, which is the lingering memory and brand of that era. The queue to buy train tickets is two kilometers high, and a train ticket to return home represents not only the long-term homesickness of loved ones, but also the hope of bringing the harvest in Shenzhen to the family.
Luohu Railway Station in the 1980s.
Spring Festival of 2013.
Shenzhen Railway Station.
Unlike the feelings and perspectives of most "foreigners", Liao Honglei, a folklorist born and raised in Shenzhen, not only saw foreigners leave like migratory birds, but also saw the touching scenes of Hong Kong relatives sending various electronic products, clothes and scarce materials to their relatives in Shenzhen at the end of The Luohu Bridge. In Liao Honglei's view, Shenzhen at that time played such a role as a bridge for material transfer. Because Shenzhen is located between Hong Kong and Guangzhou, in the early days of reform and opening up, Shenzhen locals who have not yet become rich are also looking forward to the reunion of relatives in Hong Kong. The cities around Shenzhen, such as Dongguan, Huiyang, Zengcheng, Heyuan, Shantou, etc., because there are relatives in Hong Kong, will come to Shenzhen to meet with relatives in Hong Kong. And those who come to Shenzhen to work will also bring back to their hometown the wealth they earned in Shenzhen and the good things they bought.
In the 1980s and 1990s, the Shenzhen generation, which came riding on the east wind of reform and opening up, treated the city more as a gold panning place, and gold panning was the "main theme" of Shenzhen in that era, "dare to break through and dare to do", "time is money, efficiency is life" is the action guide and spiritual coordinates of most people who came to Shenzhen in that era.
In 1997, Huang Donghe, who had just graduated from college and came to Shenzhen, later became a Shenzhenist, a writer of the spirit of deep business, and a scholar of deep culture, and he became a well-known online name Lao Heng in the Shenzhen cultural circle, and he also had such an experience at that time, but after he came to Shenzhen, he spent almost every Spring Festival in Shenzhen. What he remembers vividly is the Spring Festival in 1999, "I spent a year's salary to create the 'everything related to Shenzhen' Inter Tiger personal website, day and night for the website to collect Shenzhen-related information." In addition to the Spring Festival this year, in addition to Chinese New Year's Eve meal and the New Year's Eve greeting is with relatives, the rest of the time are 'cats' in the office internet, lying to their families about duty, in fact, it is the free network of the rubbing public family to collect and sort out information. The rise of the internet is a new era. It was in November 1998 that Ma Huateng and others founded Tencent in Shenzhen. In Ma Huateng, Huang Donghe, we also see a trend of entrepreneurship slowly evolving into a heat wave in Shenzhen, and entrepreneurship has given more people a sense of taking root in Shenzhen and a strong willingness to stay in the city.
China's accession to the World Trade Organization in 2001 heralded the true arrival of the era of globalization. This period is also a key window period for Shenzhen's industrial upgrading and urban transformation. This year is also known as Shenzhen's "year of personnel reform", Shenzhen launched six new policies to absorb outstanding talents, setting off a climax of "peacock southeast flying".
Around 2010
The phenomenon of "backflow" occurs
Bring your family from other places to Shenzhen for the Chinese New Year
As a typical immigrant city, the population of Shenzhen has increased for all to see. In 1979, the number of permanent residents of Shenzhen was 314,100, and in 2021, according to the data of the seventh national census, the population of Shenzhen was 17.56 million, and the population growth rate of Shenzhen in the past decade was 68.47%, ranking first in the country. In 42 years, Shenzhen's population has grown by about 56 times. Behind the geometric population growth, it shows the vitality and charm of Shenzhen, and also shows the attractiveness of Shenzhen. So when did it start, and more and more people stayed in Shenzhen for the New Year? What is the reason for the Chinese New Year in Shenzhen?
The flower market is an indicator of a city's popularity during the festival. Shenzhen Yingchun flower market was founded in 1982, when the market opened, reporters carried long guns and short cannons to the scene to interview.
In 1998, Shenzhen Yingchun Flower Market chose Aiguo Road, and the flower market built an atmospheric porch for the first time.
From 2000 to 2015, the passenger flow of Aiguo Road Yingchunhua City increased year by year. The Spring Flower Market in the Year of the Sheep reached a record high of 1.3 million people, and 200,000 people visited the flower market in the evening of Chinese New Year's Eve.
Nan Zhaoxu recalled that after 2005, only slowly some people will stay in Shenzhen for the New Year, by around 2010, more and more Shenzhen people will be here as their home, began to have the phenomenon of reverse flow, the family from the north to pick up, Shenzhen Spring Festival, the climate is very good, the restaurant began to have services, you can order Chinese New Year's Eve meals, the new year's atmosphere is getting stronger and stronger.
Yang Honghai said that in recent years, I have been more in Shenzhen for the New Year, and I feel that the greater change is that more and more people stay deep for the New Year, and I feel that Shenzhen as a city is becoming more and more mature, more scientific and civilized in social governance, more concerned about people's livelihood, and giving citizens more sense of gain. In the past two years, many cities have been attacked by the "epidemic" and are busy, but Shenzhen has walked very steadily, everything is orderly, the citizens are very cooperative with government management, not flustered, not impatient, there is a feeling of "letting the wind and waves rise, sitting on the fishing boat". In the past ten years, there have been more and more people in Shenzhen for the New Year, and the concept of "Shenzhen is my home" and "Shenzhen people are coming" has become more and more popular in the hearts of the people, and more and more people have found a sense of belonging in Shenzhen.
Shenzhen Academy of Social Sciences
Gao Haiyan, director of the Urban Operation Research Center, executive director of the Shenzhen Metropolitan Research Institute and real estate research expert, believes that more and more people are changing in the New Year in Shenzhen, although there is no specific year, but the node of the overall change should be around 2010. After decades of development, the intergenerational structure of the second generation of Shenzhen people has been generated, many Shenzhen people are no longer "people" in Shenzhen, are "home" in Shenzhen, where is the "home", where is the "year"; second, more and more Shenzhen people have "houses" in Shenzhen, for some people, house + work + familiar with the community, established a "sense of home". The "sense of home" was enhanced.
Gao Haiyan believes that the 80s and 90s were opportunistic identities, and the gold rush dream led people to Shenzhen; because of the open concept and institutional innovation, Shenzhen's "tolerance" and "attractiveness" were established. The first decade of the new millennium should be a recognition of commercial values, especially Shenzhen's science and technology and industrial system have obvious comparative advantages in supporting innovation and wealth creation. At the same time, this decade is also an important decade for Shenzhen's industrial upgrading, the crowding out of low-end industries, the large-scale and structural formation of larger-scale technology industries and new industries, creating a large number of opportunities and also creating a large number of liquidity (mobility of people, commerce and industry); in the past twelve years, I think it is the overall value recognition of Shenzhen. With the continuous improvement of the overall ability of Shenzhen's modern, international and innovative city, the overall value of Shenzhen as a modern city has been formed, and the comprehensive sense of identity of Shenzhen people in terms of culture, industry and life has been generally enhanced. For more than 20 years, Shenzhen's overall "rejuvenation" in terms of the average age of the population shows that so far, it is mainly young people, young people of different eras, creators and entrepreneurs. After several generations of still young people, it also shows that in the process of demographic changes, cities have a certain crowding out effect on the middle and elderly (especially ordinary migrant workers with a large base).
Huang Donghe also believes that "over the past 20 years, Shenzhen has become more and more flavorful, and the time spent with relatives is more and more, and Shenzhen is more like its own home, not just a gold rush or dream paradise." ”
From another perspective, he interpreted the sense of belonging and identity of Shenzhen people. On the topic of Shenzhen's sense of belonging, the public media is very concerned about a key node, but for specific individuals, the key nodes are different. Be sure to ask when the sense of belonging of Shenzhen people to the city came about, I think it may have started when Shenzhen people can't go back to their hometown. Shenzhen people come from all over the world, work hard for a year, who does not want to be hometown for the New Year? But suddenly, the people of Shenzhen found that they could not go back to their hometown. The death of parents, the concern of the hometown is gone; the words are not speculative, the childhood playmates can not play together; the situation changes, the hometown is also changing, the hometown in the memory can not be found... and so on, Shenzhen people began to choose between their hometown and Shenzhen. Once the choice is made, the sense of belonging of Shenzhen people becomes clear. Generally speaking, most of the migrant workers absorbed by the three-to-one supplement economy will return to their hometown; in 2008, the implementation of the new labor law, the three-to-one supplement economic era was announced to be over, and the "part-time work mentality" of the later Shenzhen people temporarily living in Shenzhen was weakened, and more is looking forward to entering the city, looking forward to becoming a Shenzhen person, becoming a Shenzhen citizen in the true sense, and not wanting to return to the hometown. At this time, people do not regard Shenzhen as someone else's city, but as their own life "home" and their own "new home".
Since 2012
"Here it comes, it's a Shenzhen native"
Become an important identity
In 2010, it was indeed a very important time node for Shenzhen, that year, the 30th anniversary of the establishment of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, in August of that year, Shenzhen held the shenzhen top ten most influential concept selection activities, which attracted widespread attention from the whole society. Among them, the slogan "Come, it is a Shenzhen person" is one of the top ten concepts selected.
During the Spring Festival of the Year of the Dragon in 2012, a Shenzhen version of the "Welcome Body" poster was popular on Weibo, which was refreshing, won the strong resonance of thousands of netizens and Shenzhen citizens, and attracted widespread attention from the media inside and outside the city. "Come, is the Shenzhen people" has become the hottest word in Shenzhen 2012 New Year, winning the resonance of thousands of netizens and Shenzhen citizens.
It can be said that since 2010, "Come, is the Shenzhen people" has not only been a slogan, but has become the most significant logo and symbol of Shenzhen people's identity and urban identity. So what is the specific aspect of identity as a Shenzhen person?
Huang Donghe said that it is difficult to use a word, a concept, a sentence to say clearly, what is the identity of Shenzhen people, if it must be and can only be described in one word, then my only answer is "reform and opening up". These four words with strong political color make people who defected to Shenzhen in those years, no matter how bad the situation was and how unbearable they were in the past, instantly straighten their waists and erect their bodies. From the 80s of the last century to today, from ordinary people to municipal officials, if they do not reform, open up, and make some achievements for reform and opening up, they will not be recognized as "Shenzhen people", but will only be regarded as "scum", "silverfish", "speculators", "gilders" and "passers-by" in Shenzhen. Whether you have made money, career success or failure, it does not matter, Shenzhen people do not talk about heroes with success or failure, but if you do not reform and open up, or even do the opposite of reform and opening up, you fly huang Tengda, you are not worthy of being called "Shenzhen people". This is the biggest consensus of Shenzhen people in the past 40 years, and it has never changed. When Shenzhen people do not talk about reform and opening up, then Shenzhen will degenerate into an ordinary city, and it is no longer a city that people admire from the heart.
Hu Yeqiu believes that the identity of Shenzhen people began in the early twentieth century, and the change began twenty years ago. The most important reason is that after the social integration of the first two decades of the special zone, the city's "city atmosphere" has become increasingly strong, especially the construction of cultural space and the creation of literary and artistic atmosphere, which have made Shenzhen people have a strong sense of fascination and belonging, get rid of the cultural inferiority of the early days of the city, and make citizens have a natural choice in comparison. Because the history of the development of the world's cities tells us that the biggest choice for people to choose a place of residence is cultural, artistic and other spiritual factors, rather than purely material factors. Coupled with the inclusive atmosphere of Shenzhen Immigrant City, everyone can feel the freedom and relaxation everywhere. The city's clean and tidy appearance, clear and fresh air, wide and vast sea, etc. also provide irreplaceable environmental conditions for people to stay in Shenzhen.
Hu Yeqiu said that in the past, the most common question asked by Shenzhen people when they met was: Where are you from? Just like the mainlanders will ask: Did you eat it? But now the probability of such inquiries is greatly reduced, and more people have established the identity awareness of "Shenzhen people", especially the proportion of the deep second generation and the deep third generation is getting larger and larger, and this collective identity has been basically completed. In the 1980s and 1990s, the proportion of self-identified "Shenzhen people" was less than 20%, and in the first decade of the new millennium, this proportion was close to 40%, and in the past twelve years, the identity of This Shenzhen people has exceeded half, and now when we travel on business or even return to our hometown, we will blurt out "how do we shenzhen how ...".
Hu Yeqiu said, "With the development of Shenzhen city, now Shenzhen people's sense of belonging is getting stronger and stronger, the government, enterprises often organize collective dumpling-making activities, so the number of people staying in Shenzhen for the New Year is increasing year by year, and the current Spring Festival will no longer be lonely, and I conclude that this year must be the Spring Festival with the largest number of people staying in Shenzhen since the establishment of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone." ”
The last six or seven years
More deep two generations deep three generations take root
Rest assured here, settle down here
As an influential local scholar, Liao Honglei has often lectured in public spaces such as libraries in recent years, and he has found a detail that is quite convincing. "Six or seven years ago, I was in the library to talk about the history, culture, folklore of Shenzhen, a look down is all white-haired old people, they are the first generation of migrant workers, now retired, have time to read books in the library to read newspapers and listen to lectures, they may not know much about the city at work before, and now they want to know more about the city where they have lived for decades." In the past two years, it has been found that the proportion of young people who come to listen to lectures is greater, there are post-80s, there are also post-90s and post-00s, these young people also have a strong interest in the history and culture of Shenzhen. What surprised me even more was that my granddaughter, who was in high school, told me one day that she was going to write a paper on the ancient city of Nantou, asked me if I knew anything about the ancient city of Nantou, and finally she really wrote a paper through field visits and investigations. ”
Liao Honglei believes that more deep second generations and deep third generations have taken root in Shenzhen, thus enhancing Shenzhen's sense of homeland, and the most intuitive factor for more people to stay in Shenzhen for the New Year may be reflected in the construction of community culture, such as more than 2,000 public welfare cultural activities led by the government during the Spring Festival, sending culture to the grassroots, communities, hosting neighborhood cultural festivals every year, etc. A large number of cultural life, so that more people are connected and emotions are integrated.
In January 2022, Liao Honglei's new book "Collecting Shenzhen Years" was published by Chinese Publishing House, which includes many writings on Shenzhen's Spring Festival customs. Coincidentally, Nan Zhaoxu's "Shenzhen Natural History Encyclopedia" was also launched by Haitian Publishing House in January this year. This is a larger volume of Shenzhen literature expressing "local care", 668 pages, 900,000 words, more than 3,500 pictures, and 136 documentary features and short films, 72 pieces of audio, 82 sets of VR panoramic images, three-dimensional presentation of Shenzhen's diverse natural habitats and thousands of lives living in it.
Nan Zhaoxu said that what the Shenzhen Natural Museum Encyclopedia tries to convey is "local care" - the sense of home from a global perspective: for a city where more than 90% of the population has migrated in more than 40 years, this place is our new home, and here is peace of mind, which is our new hometown. Together, we explore the history and nature of this land, participate in the progress and change of the home city, and envision and create a better future for the city together.
For shenzhen people in recent years more and more strong urban identity, Nan Zhaoxu also feels deeply, he said that whenever he publishes articles about Shenzhen's urban humanities, history, nature, geography, etc., or to share on the spot, it will trigger a good response and feedback, there will be a lot of response, which makes him also very moved.
Talking about the deepest recognition case, is the 40th birthday of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone in 2020, august 26, that day, should be the official holding of various activities, but due to the impact of the epidemic, the official commemorative activities are placed at the end of the year, but that day there are a large number of spontaneous commemorative activities, their company's colleagues go to the cake shop to buy cakes, to do commemorative activities in the company, but found that the cakes are out of stock, can not buy cakes, a query, are bought to celebrate the birthday of Shenzhen. In the circle of friends, I also saw various pictures and scenes celebrating the 40th anniversary of Shenzhen.
"2020 has a very obvious change, this year, Shenzhen actually had two birthdays, one is August 26, the day, a large number of spontaneous commemorative activities, one is at the end of the year, the government held a large celebration. All very interesting. ”
Nan Zhaoxu said that there is an obvious time marker point for judging the urban identity of Shenzhen people, that is, the time when those 20 and 30 years old came to Shenzhen to start a business have lived in Shenzhen for more time than his birthplace, the place of departure, and more than the time he lived in his hometown, and the deep generation began to gradually nostalgic, clearly retired in Shenzhen, and eventually grew old in Shenzhen, at this time, the second generation and the third generation of Shenzhen have appeared, and the sense of homeland has naturally been revealed, and the place of habitual residence has become a new hometown.
Yu Changjiang, executive dean of the School of Humanities of The Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University and deputy director of the Department of Sociology of Peking University, believes that Shenzhen, as a city of immigrants, an international city, and an industrial and commercial city, has advanced concepts, especially in this regard, and the performance is diversified, such as the new generation of Shenzhen people, which may be the multiple identities of Guangfu, Hakka, and Chaoshan, or the dual identity of the original province and Shenzhen. Shenzhen's identity should reflect this multiplicity.
Flower market for the Spring Festival of 2015.
Spring Festival in Dapeng in 2018.
2019 Gankeng Town Lantern Festival.
2020 Bao'an Flower Market, a family size for leisurely shopping.
On February 7, 2021, the "Shenzhen Thank You" promotional poster was screened all over Shenzhen, which is said to the people who left the New Year.
Since 2020
Shenzhen Spring Festival has its own new folk customs
As a new hometown, has Shenzhen emerged and formed a new Spring Festival custom of the city itself? What are the new ways and ways to play?
Huang Donghe said that visiting the flower market, traveling, reading... these are all new folk customs of Shenzhen people during the Spring Festival. The Cantonization of the Spring Festival habits of northern immigrants, and the integration and innovation of Shenzhen's traditional Spring Festival customs and northern folk customs are a phenomenon worthy of attention, and it is also the opportunity for the emergence of new folk customs of the Deep School. Northern immigrants in Shenzhen for the Spring Festival, will definitely bring the northern hometown of the New Year customs over, but since they have immigrated to Shenzhen, then the traditional Spring Festival customs of Shenzhen, Guangdong Will also be valued by new immigrants, so the north-south mixture has become a significant feature of shenzhen Spring Festival customs. Both dumplings and tangyuan are eaten; both eat on top and steam rice cakes; both stew old soup and smoked bacon; both dressed in western clothes and Tang costumes; both online New Year's greetings, but also to the flower market to parade the streets and rivers... After several years of blending water and milk, Shenzhen people themselves may not feel that under the circumstances, outsiders look at a very strange Shenzhen New Year custom, maybe they will ripen and fall, and the water will become a canal. I think that at this stage, there is no need to define the deep school of new year customs, as long as Shenzhen people feel comfortable and willing to try, any way of new year is worth trying. One day, people will find that the Memories of the Spring Festival we once had, the attempts and imitations we have been excited about, and the changes and adaptations we have had to make are all frozen in the form of life experience for the exploration of the deep way of life. Everything, let time choose.
Hu Yeqiu believes that the Spring Festival of Shenzhen people has its own characteristics, first of all, it pays attention to cultural connotations, such as visiting museums, libraries, book cities, listening to concerts, dramas and movies at home, and most people staying at home will read and read. In addition, because of Shenzhen's unique warm climate, but also let Shenzhen people "visit the flower market" become a new folk custom, in the north of a depressed cold, Shenzhen people can enjoy the spring light in the purple and red, Shenzhen women can still wear beautiful skirts during the Spring Festival, men will not wear bloated, fashionable, beautiful is the unique scenery of the Shenzhen Spring Festival.
Yang Honghai said that in the process of shenzhen's development for more than 40 years, it has formed some unique lifestyles and new folk customs related to the Spring Festival, which is simply that the lifestyle and folklore are closer to "Lingnanization". For example, shenzhen has a large number of labor workers staying in Shenzhen every Spring Festival, and over the years, a Spring Festival dumpling feast for young workers has been formed to "send love" activities, and the convention has become a custom. A few days ago, I participated in the Longgang District Spring Festival care and delivery "big pot dish" activity, and learned that many communities have such initiatives, which seems to have become a common practice.
Nan Zhaoxu said that the biggest culture of Shenzhen's Spring Festival is the rest culture, do not disturb each other, at this time will not easily walk back and forth, this time is a very precious quiet time.
(2020 data: The trend of "hotel vacation" is obvious, and users who are permanently stationed in first-tier and new first-tier cities are more willing to treat their busy past years through "hotel vacations".) ）
As a post-80s, doctor of management and associate researcher of Shenzhen Culture, Radio, Television, Tourism and Sports Research Center, Yuan Yuan spent the Spring Festival in Shenzhen for the first time in 2020, and used to take his parents to travel abroad. She feels that the reason for the change is that there is a new understanding and form of the Spring Festival. Most of the new Shenzhen people who have taken root in Shenzhen belong to the post-80s, and they were originally only children. Therefore, there is no such context in which families with many children need to return to their hometowns from different locations to reunite. Especially shenzhen has a good climate, often parents will follow their children to Shenzhen for the New Year, and even move their hukou with them. The identity of Shenzhen people comes from the courage to dream, be proactive and dare to innovate. The proportion of this group is also increasing, because the post-90s and post-00s are the main new group, and they are more assertive about what they want.
In 2021, there was a special Spring Festival in the Yangtze River, a "Cloud Spring Festival". He was invited by a game in Shenzhen, "Mini World", to talk about the Spring Festival folklore with a virtual character online. Mini World is a sandbox creation game where all players can create a lot of what they want through the building materials provided by the game. During the Spring Festival last year, players can build buildings exactly like their hometowns in the game, hang red lanterns, paste Spring Leagues, and make up for the regret of not being able to go home for the New Year. Yu Changjiang, as a folklore expert, tells about the Spring Festival customs in different regions. In his view, there are hundreds of Spring Festival customs in China, and less than one percent of them can be experienced by everyone. Players use history and imagination to build the Spring Festival in their hearts, so that more people can see the Spring Festival with regional characteristics, and let the heart of blessing travel through time and space. According to the Nandu reporter, this year's game also launched the ancient Spring Festival version with a strong Spring Festival flavor, traveling through time and space in the game and celebrating a Tang Style Chinese New Year.
In the Spring Festival of 2021, young people and their families who stayed deep in the New Year will go online on the smart big screen to achieve an immersive cloud reunion to celebrate the New Year.
With a new experience of connecting the virtual world with the real Spring Festival, Yu Changjiang believes that Shenzhen people's sense of belonging and urban identity should not simply focus on the level of geographical identity, because half of Shenzhen's urban construction is in the online era. With the advent of the information age and the online age, the arrival of a new generation of online people, their construction of identity is different from the traditional geography, and Shenzhen as a city has obvious advantages in this construction. Shenzhen wants to build a new humanistic social structure that is different from the old structure and the old identity. In this sense, the immigrant city of Shenzhen can be a meta-city, the meta-system, the geographical and physical significance is weakening, psychological belonging, humanistic preference interest, industrial supply chain, social ties, industry relevance, scientific and technological effect effects and other meanings of recognition may be more. In this dimension, the sense of home is also being renewed and constructed. What it is like, we must encourage everyone to explore.
Yu Changjiang said that the Spring Festival in the city is also being explored, such as traditional family gatherings, to go out to Chinese New Year's Eve dinner, young people also have their own parties. Traditional rituals that have been urbanized are also important, including the way of blessing that has to be changed, such as online red envelopes. On the one hand, some people in Shenzhen who do not go home may be pursuing a sense of relief that does not need to respect tradition, so it can be seen that the Spring Festival has a carnival trend. On the other hand, there are some people with strong traditional wills who also post various runes and idols, and also worship ancestors. For Shenzhen, traditional customs such as burning paper and worship cannot be banned, which is not conducive to the generation of Shenzhen as a new urban culture, but to explore alternatives with sufficient cultural content. The key is to give people more choices, in addition to the traditional family blood ties, new ties must be generated, to be derived from the tradition. For Shenzhen, the "annual meetings" and "group visits" of enterprises and various institutions, and various activities held by schools, enterprises, institutions, etc. for the left-behind personnel, may be the places that most directly form "new folklore". In addition, as mentioned before, Shenzhen, as a meta-city, should have a new dimension of its folklore when building a meta-system.
The "deep culture" reflected in the New Year
Be a "New Lingnanian" in the implementation of the Greater Bay Area Strategy
After more than 40 years, Shenzhen has changed from "someone else's city" to "its own home", from which we have seen the development and changes of Shenzhen city, and also seen the obvious improvement and change of the city's humanities. So how to further enhance the sense of home, so that more people will take this place as their spiritual home, and turn cultural identity into cultural consciousness and cultural self-confidence, experts have also made suggestions.
Huang Donghe said, "The identity in the sense of political ideas is too rigid, and Shenzhen people should start to establish a cultural sense of identity." Just as the Culture of The Beijing School and the Culture of the Shanghai School are the symbols of the cultural identity of the Beijingers and the Shanghainese, the Culture of the Deep School should become the cultural identity of the people of Shenzhen. Haipai culture began from the Haipai literature and the maritime literary circle, and I began to promote the Good Neighbor Literature Award in 2012, with the help of the power of the government's propaganda and cultural fund, to promote the literary originality of Shenzhen's local cultural themes, which can be regarded as the gathering and precipitation of deep school literature. In the past ten years, the Good Neighbor Literature Award has been increasingly recognized by the Shenzhen literary circle, and is going out of the literary circle to form the literary consciousness and cultural consciousness of Shenzhen people. The material wealth created by Shenzhen people for more than 40 years is certainly brilliant, and the spiritual retention of Shenzhen people for more than 40 years may be more magnificent. The time to raise the banner of deep culture, I thought it was ripe. ”
Yang Honghai believes that we can continue to dig deeper into "urban identity" and "cultural identity". "Why do I always have tears in my eyes, because I love this land deeply." Immigrants come to the city, and they should have feelings for the land beneath their feet. We can start from excavating local history and telling the story of Shenzhen, so that citizens can understand the roots of local history and culture, and enhance the pride of Shenzhen people in the city. In my study of the history of Shenzhen Hakka for more than 300 years, I have unearthed six important historical events, which are also the stories of Shenzhen that can be sung and wept. Every time I go out to give a speech, I can resonate with the audience, especially the college and middle school students. The audience will be proud of the glorious history of the city, so that they love the city more and form a sense of home more consciously.
Shenzhen is located in the land of Lingnan, is the core area of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Shenzhen immigrants from all over the world, but since it is "Shenzhen people who come", they should identify with Lingnan culture and build a "new Lingnan culture" in the implementation of the Greater Bay Area strategy. This is also one of the conditions for promoting "identity". The ancients said: "The hometown is the hometown for a long time", "This peace of mind is my hometown". When we live in the land of Lingnan, we must follow the customs of the countryside, change customs and customs, and be a real "Greater Bay Area person", "New Lingnanian" or "new Hakka family". In fact, when new immigrants come to this land, they have become new Hakka or New Lingnanians. In this city where immigrants from all over the world are mixed, a variety of dialects are gathered, and new customs and customs are infiltrated, a new folk custom that is compatible with this kind of city has quietly emerged, such as eating large pots of vegetables during the Spring Festival, boiling beautiful soup, visiting flower markets, etc., which has become one of the lifestyles of new immigrants. Moreover, in the new historical period, the emergence of the "epidemic" has brought great changes to community management and given more work functions to the community. Under the guidance of the government, the community as a unit needs to protect and utilize the traditional material culture of Lingnan, such as houses and cultural blocks. For the traditional Lingnan "intangible cultural heritage" culture, such as mountain songs, unicorn dances, dragon and lion dances, etc., it is necessary to activate the inheritance in the protection and let more citizens participate in it, especially to the new generation of Shenzhen, so that they can cultivate a love for local culture from an early age, form a "cultural identity", and join the new "national tide" culture, without losing their "roots and souls" in the invasion and infiltration of foreign cultures.
Yang Honghai suggested that Shenzhen citizens learn from Su Dongpo's custom of "not quitting being a Lingnanian" and "this peace of mind is my hometown", as well as the spirit of Hakka people taking home from all over the world, taking root in the land, and "long time away from home is hometown", to achieve cultural identity and urban identity of this land, and to be a "new Lingnanian" in the implementation of the Greater Bay Area strategy!
(In 2021, the Longgang District Federation of Trade Unions hosted the "Our Family Portrait" Chinese New Year Care Photography Event.) ）
(Staying deep in the New Year, the community and interpersonal atmosphere determine the intensity of the New Year's flavor.) Spring Festival 2021. Merchants in Maluan Street paid out of their own pockets and asked calligraphers to hand-write more than 600 pairs of Spring Festival Couplets to give to community owners and sanitation workers who stuck to their posts in the New Year. ）
Yuan Yuan believes that more community activities should be strengthened to connect with community residents. Distant relatives are not as good as close neighbors, modern people are under pressure and busy at work, and it is difficult to have the opportunity to meet friends outside the work circle. If the community can do so by organizing fun, age-appropriate activities, there will be a sense of ownership and empowerment of this local belonging. The Spring Festival New Folklore is in addition to the travel i just mentioned about taking your parents out on a trip, or traveling with a big family for a reunion. It also includes climbing the mountain, praying for incense at the Sengoku Hongfa Temple, visiting the art museum and so on.
The obvious improvement of Shenzhen's humanity is closely related to the innovative operation of cultural public venues, the improvement of city appearance and appearance, the integration and development of parks and cultural facilities, the continuous improvement of public transportation, and the trend of cultural festivals.
Gao Haiyan said that in addition to maintaining sustained economic growth, it is also necessary to increase the supply energy of public services and improve the scale and coverage of resources in education, health, housing and other fields. In a word, it is necessary to maintain Shenzhen's opportunity capacity, and at the same time to continuously improve the level of livability. In terms of urban culture, it is necessary to always maintain the vanguard and vitality of the government's reform and opening up, the innovation and creation of market players, and the modern tolerance of citizen consciousness. This is Shenzhen, and this is an important source of Shenzhen's "homeland consciousness" formation.
Hu Yeqiu also believes that the most important thing is to look at the government's public service awareness and ability, so that citizens can get a sense of security is very important, from daily life, social welfare, medical education security and other aspects to let citizens have a fuller sense of gain. In addition, the control of housing prices also needs to be strengthened, and "the resident has his own house" is the most important material guarantee for survival. We have always been marked by immigrant cities, but we can not always wear the hat of "immigrant cities", one day our main citizens will become "indigenous people", only when public services are improved, can more and more people become indigenous people.
Nan Zhaoxu said that the manifestation of the growth of the sense of home is that people live in this city, there is a sense of security in this city, Shenzhen in the city services, urban management capabilities and management methods, performance is excellent, giving people a sense of happiness. This city has given the elderly a lot of policies, I hope that the policy can be more inclined to the young people in Shenzhen, to accommodate capable, ambitious people, just like the natural ecology needs to be warm, the ecology of urban construction should also have wetlands, can not make all the urban facilities are tall, the early years in Shenzhen to start a business are from scratch, 60%-70% of the people have lived in the urban village. To leave some foundation for the future, we cannot kill the space for the growth of the bottom layer, and give more space to young people, who are not allowed to have Ma Huateng and Ren Zhengfei of that year.
Liao Honglei also said that the Shenzhen metropolis needs to be warm, and the new experience of folklore in the integration of contemporary times is actually to turn culture into flesh and blood life details, integrate into people's blood, and let more people take root in this land.
(In the Spring Festival of 2021, the family of entrepreneurs who have been in Shenzhen for 8 years - Cai Dongxiang and Liu Chen's family stayed behind for the New Year.) ）
(Before the Spring Festival in 2022, Huang Bei, a sorting and storage consultant, entered a busy period of business, and after the order was received, she would not only stay with her family for the New Year, but also walk into the families of many Shenzhen people to help them greet the new year with a sense of ceremony.) ）
Written by: Nandu reporter Xie Xiangnan Huang Lu