We all know that Taoism is not the same as Taoism, but Taoism is one of the main sources of Taoist ideological theory.
As the only orthodox religion native to China, Taoism absorbed the nourishment of many ancient cultures on the mainland:
From the upper elite culture, to the folk culture, from philosophical art, to mathematical techniques, whether it is the essence or the dross, it is all absorbed.
It can be said that Taoism embodies the face of traditional Chinese culture in a concentrated way, embodies not only the fine traditions of the nation, but also the inferior roots of the nation, and occupies an extremely important position in traditional Chinese culture.
Therefore, Mr. Lu Xun once famously said: "The roots of China are all in Taoism"!
Lu Xun: The roots of China are all in Taoism!
Of course, from the perspective of ideological theory, although Taoism is influenced by various schools of thought, there are also differences in the degree of primary and secondary.
As mentioned above, a major source of Taoist thought is the pre-Qin Daoist thoughts of nature, inaction, emptiness, simplicity, gentleness, indisputableness, kindness and frugality, and guisheng.
What is often overlooked is that Confucian ideas such as loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, and love also had a huge impact on Taoism.
For example, the early Taoist classic, the Taiping Jing, is full of Confucian ideas of loyalty and filial piety.
For example, in the scriptures, it is proposed that the three "kings", "fathers", and "masters" are "the gate of destiny under the heavens", and "if you can respect these three people, the Tao is the Great Chen".
The sutra also says: Not only should we "be filial to the family," but also "filial piety to the king," "filial piety to the imperial court," and "filial piety to the affairs of the world is the first."
Taiping Jing
Another example is Ge Hong, a famous Taoist theorist and alchemist in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, known as "Xiao Xian Weng", who wrote an important Taoist classic "Baopuzi".
The book "Baopuzi" is divided into internal and external parts, the inner part is "Yan Shen Immortal Prescription Medicine, Ghost And Monster Changes, Health Care and Longevity, Evil but Evil Things, Belonging to Taoism"; the outer part is "Saying that the world gains and losses, the world's affairs are not, belong to Confucianism".
In Ge Hong's view, Confucianism and Taoism are inseparable, "the Taoist, the origin of Confucianism; the Confucian, the end of the Tao."
He even believed that xiu immortals should be based on loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, and faith, otherwise they would not be able to live forever.
"Those who desire immortals should be based on loyalty and filial piety, harmony, and benevolence." If virtue is not cultivated, but the practice of magic, no one can live forever. ("Baopuzi Inner Chapter: The Customs")
"Little Fairy" Ge Hong
In the teachings and precepts of Taoism, a lot of Confucian content is also incorporated.
For example, the Zhengyi Five Precepts combines the Confucian idea of the "five constants" with the Taoist doctrine of cultivation:
1. Act benevolently, love without killing, release and temper, look at the mysterious door, look at the eyes for a long time, and the liver and soul are at peace.
2. Do righteousness, reward good and cut down evil, be humble to the public and private, do not commit theft, hear the sound of the voice, and give the lungs to each other.
3. Etiquette, respect for the old and the young, yin and yang quiet, chastity and no obscenity, mouth and dharma, harmony of the heart.
4. Practice wisdom, transform foolishness and learn holiness, festival wine without dimness, and kidney essence are in harmony.
5. Practice faith, keep loyalty and embrace one, show subtle effects, do not have doubts, always forget, spleen and ambition, and become famous into the right one.
Changchun Zhenren Qiu is in charge of the machine
In the Song Jinyuan period, the Quanzhen Dao paid special attention to Confucian cultivation kung fu.
For example, the ancestor of the Quanzhen Dragon Gate Sect, Qiu Chuji, advocated the double cultivation of "inner and outer Confucianism".
It calls the Confucian cultivation kung fu "youwei" kung fu, "external daily use"; the Taoist cultivation kung fu is "wuwei" kung fu, "internal daily use".
In this regard, Qiu Zu said in the "Letter to The Daoist Friends of Xizhou":
"Self-denial and self-denial are used for external daily use; forgiving oneself to humiliation, and forgiving one's thoughts, and the mind and body of things and things are used for internal daily use."
"Putting others before oneself, and taking one's own side, is for external daily use; for practicing meditation, it is for internal daily use."
"Always make one thought clear, be enlightened at all times in the twelve hours, be sexually unambiguous, and have a stable mind, which is used for the true inner day; cultivate benevolence and virtue, and suffer self-interest, and be used for the true external daily use."
Confucianism complements each other
From the above examples, we can see the depth and influence of Confucianism on Taoism!
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