Read the Analects once a year, 2022.4

Ten lectures in the Analects

Comment on each passage of the original book, and give each quotation cluster class;

The large categories were sorted according to certain rules, so there was a new Analects.

The first lecture is a common encouragement

The Analects can be learned and used to enhance one's self-cultivation and to improve one's ability to treat others and things and to deal with the world.

Putting "common encouragement" in the first lecture, "encouragement" is the "encouragement" of encouragement, and "common encouragement" is that everyone works together.

Let's study the Analects together and practice the Analects together.

【Common Encouragement】

1.6 Zi Yue: "A disciple is filial when he enters, a disciple who goes out, a brother who is sincere and faithful, who loves the people and is kind." If there is room for action, then learn the literature. ”

Disciple refers to the children, protégés or students of the same village.

Caution: Reticence is called caution.

"The masses" refer to the broad masses of the people.

To act, to act, to be human, is to practice morality. The ancients did not value what a person said and wrote, but more importantly, how he did it. The key to studying the Analects is not to memorize the original text or to make accurate annotations, but to apply what you have learned, improve yourself, improve yourself, and perfect yourself.

What is Wen? It is culture, especially the humanistic scholarship related to liturgy. Virtue is quality, Lile is wen, wen is polite, and then gentleman. Improve moral cultivation, not be a villain; improve cultural accomplishment, not be stupid.

All the students I teach should honor their parents at home, respect their brothers outside, be careful in their words and deeds, be honest and trustworthy, love others and be close to virtuous people. Practice morality first, then learn liturgy.

【Common Encouragement】【Suffering】

1.16 Zi Yue: "Do not suffer from the ignorance of man, and do not know who he does not know." ”

Affliction, worry, worry.

Don't worry about others not knowing, not knowing yourself, and holding an indifferent attitude towards others not knowing and not knowing yourself.

Thousands of gold is easy to get, confidants are hard to ask for, I am fortunate to have it, but I can't live.

Others do not understand themselves, do not force, but they must take the initiative to understand others. Wanting to understand each other is an attitude, and being able to understand each other is a skill.

4.14 Zi Yue: "Do not suffer from no position, but suffer from standing." Do not suffer from self-knowledge, seek to know also. ”

"Bit" and "stand" are homologous words, and "bit" is "where it 'stands'". This "standing" is the standing of "thirty and standing", and when you have the ability to stand up, you will have a place in the world.

Confucius believed that those who seek many blessings from themselves and help themselves from heaven will be luckier the harder they work.

Confucius said, "Don't worry about not having a Lu position, worry about how to acquire the skill (corresponding to the Lu position)." Don't worry about others not knowing yourself, you must first have a value worthy of others to know. ”

14.30 Zi Yue: "Do not suffer from the ignorance of man, and suffer from his inability to do so." ”

Confucius said that he was not afraid that people would not understand him. He said this, if it is to cheer himself up, it is understandable, but always thinking about it, it makes people a little suspicious.

If a person really doesn't care about the name, he doesn't have to keep hanging on his lips. Hanging on the lips, the explanation still can't be put down.

From the perspective of the inner world, Confucius still attaches great importance to the name of his life and death. People didn't know him, and he felt lonely.

【Common Encouragement】【Worry】

7.3 Zi Yue: "Virtue is not cultivated, learning is not taught, righteousness cannot be migrated, and goodness cannot be changed. ”

Confucius worried about several things: not practicing self-cultivation, not teaching, not learning well, and not changing.

Learning without talking about it should also refer to learning. "Learning + asking" is learning, "learning + learning" is learning, and "learning + speaking" should also be learning, all of which are different ways of learning.

Yin Shiyi: "Virtue must be cultivated and then accomplished, and learning must be taught and then enlightened." "Only when you can tell what you have learned can you really master it."

Wen Yi can't migrate, it is to hear what should be done and not to do it, and to watch from the sidelines.

Righteousness is what should be done.

Migration is to tend and go.

2.10 Zi Yue: "See its cause, look at its cause, and see its safety. Who's who? ”

The meanings of "seeing," "observing," and "observing" are similar, and they can all be said as "observation," "investigation," and "inspection."

廋, sou, 1 sound, means "hiding".

"Therefore" is what is said and done, "by" is the reason for saying and doing this, and "so is safe" is the purpose and intention of saying and doing this.

By observing a person's words and deeds, examining the reasons behind it and his personal experience, and speculating on the purpose of his doing so, what else can this person not see through? What else is there to hide? The bad guys are invisible in front of me, and the good guys are shining in front of me.

4.8 Zi Yue: "When you hear the Word, you can die at night." ”

In "The Oil Seller Monopolizes the Flower Queen", the Oil Seller said: "If such a beautiful person hugs and sleeps for a night, he will be willing to die." ”

Confucius did not like beauty, but liked the "Tao", he said: "If I can get up in the morning and understand the Tao, even if I die at night, I will be willing." "On the other hand, if you don't understand it until you die, you won't be able to close your eyes."

4.17 Zi Yue: "See the wise and think together, see the unwise and introspect within." ”

When you see others doing better than you do, you have to think about learning from each other.

When you see that others are doing something wrong, you must reflect on whether you also have such shortcomings and problems.

7.22 The Son said, "In a three-person walk, there will be my teacher: choose those who are good and follow them, and change those who are not good." ”

Confucius is an impermanent teacher who is good at learning from all kinds of people.

Everyone has strengths, and everyone has weaknesses. Everyone has something better than themselves, and everyone has something that is inferior to their own. Three people walk together, even if it is two people walking together, the other person can be their own teacher. Discover the good qualities in him, learn from him; be wary of the bad qualities in him, and make negative teachings.

"One positive and one negative, one from one change", is not exactly the educational method that teachers often use?

Seeing the wise and thinking together, seeing the unwise and introspecting, the sage is my teacher, and the unwise is also the unwise.

【Common Encouragement】【Lonely】

4.25 Zi Yue: "Virtue is not alone, but there will be neighbors." ”

Confucius said, "Moral people are not isolated, there must be people with the same aspirations as you." ”

Confucius was a man of morality, and these were his words of comfort to himself. But did he find this "neighbor" throughout his life?

【Common Encouragement】【Yao】

6.25 Zi Yue: "Yao is not yao, yao? Who's it? ”

觚, gu, 1 sound, wine vessel.

Confucius said, "If yao is not made in the form of yao, is it still yao?" Can it still be called Yao? ”

In vain, there is no reality.