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Source: Xiang Hao and Wen
At present, basic skills such as writing and expression should no longer be particularly emphasized as the basic skills of the teaching profession.
New teachers, the entry threshold is raised, basically master's students, doctoral students, or very excellent undergraduates, high education, rich knowledge reserves, from childhood to receive a very comprehensive education, piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, all have a certain level, coupled with information technology support, the traditional sense of the basic skills, most of the young teachers have.
Therefore, we should begin to pay attention to the new basic skills that really affect the quality of teaching: the student view, the curriculum view and the educational feelings.
01
The student concept is the first basic skill of new teachers
In the past, it took a very long time for a teacher to form a student view, and even some teachers did not form a correct student view throughout their lives.
The reason why the student view cannot be formed is determined by the long-term teaching method of "teacher teaching - student listening" as the main teaching method, teachers only consider their own teaching, only think about how to speak, and pay little attention to students' learning.
But today's young teachers are the generation that grew up during the eighth curriculum reform. They either started their education and teaching work during the eighth curriculum reform period, or experienced their own student era during the eighth curriculum reform period. The core of the eighth curriculum reform is the principle of "people-oriented", which determines the role of teachers and students in the implementation of the curriculum.
Young teachers who grew up during the eighth curriculum reform should be born with a correct "student view.".
The new curriculum reform advocates a "people-oriented" view of students, the core of which refers to the use of students as the fundamental starting point of educational activities, "all for the development of every student".
Its basic connotation includes the following three points:
First, the physical and mental development of students is regular.
The regularity of student development is mainly reflected in physical and mental development, and we should use these laws (such as sequentiality, stage, imbalance, complementarity and individual differences) to carry out corresponding educational and teaching activities;
Second, students have great potential for development.
The "people-oriented" view of students requires teachers to regard students as objective beings in the development process, look at students with a development perspective, advocate a formative evaluation of students, and ensure that each student does not abandon or give up;
Third, students are people in the process of development.
As a developing person, it means that the student is still an immature person, a growing person. In practice, teachers are instructed to look at students from a developmental perspective, that is, not only to see the shortcomings of students, but also to allow students to make mistakes. More importantly, teachers must help students solve problems and correct mistakes in order to continuously promote student growth.
The student concept under the new curriculum concept tells us that students are complete individuals. Each student has its own uniqueness, and teachers should "open a key and a lock" and adopt targeted methods to teach according to the actual characteristics of different students.
In the process of education and teaching, students are not based on the will of the teacher as an objective existence, teachers should recognize and face up to the characteristics of the modern student group, and the huge differences that exist with adults. Students are the main body of learning, and teachers should fully mobilize students' enthusiasm and initiative, so that students can actively participate in the entire education and teaching activities.
In the context of the new curriculum reform, determining the correct view of students is the basis for effectively carrying out education and teaching work, otherwise all work will only be in the opposite direction, the wrong direction, and the essentials will not be possible.
02
The concept of curriculum should become the second basic skill of teachers
Curriculum concept is a general term for various understandings and views of the curriculum, including the concept of the curriculum, the preparation of the curriculum, the implementation of the curriculum, the evaluation of the curriculum and other aspects.
The new curriculum concept emphasizes that the curriculum is an "ecosystem" of the dynamic interaction of four factors: teachers, students, teaching materials, and the environment. The experience of students and teachers is the curriculum, life is the curriculum, and nature is the curriculum.
The categorization of textbooks is only one element of the curriculum, and this factor only plays its due role when it is integrated with other factors to become an organic component of the "ecosystem" of the curriculum.
The new curriculum view is the generated curriculum view, the integrated curriculum view, and the practical curriculum view. The new curriculum concept includes the following connotations:
Children are the main body of the curriculum, the living world is the scope of the curriculum content, the curriculum is the activity of children to construct the meaning of life through reflective and creative practice, the learning activities of the curriculum are based on understanding, experience, reflection, inquiry and creation, and teachers and students are not the simple implementers of the curriculum, but the creators of the curriculum. ("Three Concepts of New Curriculum Reform" Xiao Mengguang)
The new curriculum concept focuses on student development, which is mainly reflected in the teaching process, teachers should seriously study classroom teaching strategies, stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning, reflect the main body of students, encourage students to explore, and efficiently achieve goals. In the process of student teaching and development, the teacher should be a guide and a method builder, rather than a simple knowledge imparter, and give full play to the initiative of students in the learning process.
The new curriculum concept attaches importance to the evaluation idea of "teaching by learning" and "teaching by learning" by students, and emphasizes the evaluation quality of classroom teaching by referring to the state presented by students in classroom teaching. Advocate "teaching by learning", mainly from the six aspects of students' emotional state, attention state, participation state, communication state, thinking state, and generative state.
03
Educational sentiment should become the third basic skill of teachers
Teachers with feelings will think about how to do everything well in education and teaching; teachers without feelings will definitely treat every task as a chore and complain about the world. The presence or absence of educational feelings determines whether teachers are excellent or not.
What is the sentiment of education? It is a lasting, special, and inseparable feeling for education, which stems from the deep love for education from the heart.
"The essence of education means that a tree shakes a tree, a cloud pulls a cloud, and a soul awakens a soul." Therefore, the real education is that teachers use their own passion to ignite the passion of students, it is teachers who use their love for life to awaken students' love for life, it is teachers who use their own views on adversity to help students establish an optimistic attitude, and it is teachers who use their positive lives to warm students' lives...
What does educational sentiment involve?
First, we must have a sense of family and country.
The feeling of home and country is a person's deep love for the country and the people; it is the ideal pursuit of the country's prosperity and strength, and the people's happiness; and it is a high sense of identity, belonging, and mission for one's own country.
The height of the teacher determines the height of the educational effectiveness, and the value positioning of the teacher determines the future value of the students, so the teacher must have a big pattern, take the feeling of home and country as the core part of their feelings, let the students understand that "there is no country and there is a home", help students love the country and care for the family from an early age, and cultivate them into national rejuvenation and strong responsibility of the country.
The second is to have a good work ethic.
Professional ethics is the basic principle of teachers, reflecting the moral responsibility and essential requirements for teachers. "Love" and "responsibility" run through the core and soul. "Thousands of teachings, teaching people to seek the truth; thousands of learning, learning to be real people", the glory of teachers is "the engineer of the human soul", to shape the sound personality of students as the mission, to lay the foundation for the happy life of students.
The third is to have a good sense of practice.
We must be dedicated, keep our work, and be happy. Lide tree people, love and dedication is the foundation of teachers. Work style, code of conduct, and attitude to life will affect every student. As a teacher, you must lead by example, be willing to be a ladder, be willing to dedicate, calm down to teach, and dive down to cultivate people.
Perhaps some teachers think: What you say, which is the basic skill, this is the industry's high standard.
But you may wish to think about it: without educational feelings, is it meaningful that the basic skills in the traditional sense are solid? I would like to ask, the teacher's "student view" is incorrect, and the class only cares about one person's "self-hi", will the teaching effectiveness be greater? Teachers do not have a correct "curriculum view", always "plant other people's fields, wasteland their own land", will the teaching efficiency be high?
If none of the three are available, then the stronger the teacher's ability and higher education, the farther he will be lost with the student. Therefore, the basic skills in the traditional sense, in today's view, are "carving insects and small skills". For example, Mandarin is not good, chalk words are not beautiful, it will not affect the educational and teaching effect too much, because these are the icing on the cake. But if a teacher does not have educational feelings, and does not have a correct view of students and curriculum, then the problem is really big.