Author: Lan Yan also fell into the city
In June 1935, the Red Army, which had endured hardships and obstacles, met the Red Fourth Front in Maogong, Sichuan. The two armies celebrated for several days and held a grand celebration meeting.
After meeting the division, the "Two Rivers Estuary Conference" was held, and Chairman Zhang was added as vice chairman of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, and Xu Xiangqian, commander-in-chief of the Red Fourth Front, and Chen Changhao, political commissar, were added as members.
Chairman Zhang, who prides himself on having many guns and many guns, was not satisfied with this arrangement, and in the name of the need to reorganize the General Headquarters after the two armies met the division, he sang a harmony with Chen Changhao and joined hands to demand power. For the sake of the unity and unification of the Red Army, Zhou Gong ceded the position of General Political Commissar of the Red Army to Zhang.
The headquarters changed the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 9th Armies of the Red Front army to the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 32nd Armies; the numbers of the 4th, 9th, 30th, 31st, and 33rd Armies of the former Red Fourth Front remained unchanged. At the same time, the former enemy headquarters was set up, with Xu Xiangqian concurrently serving as commander-in-chief, Chen Changhao concurrently serving as political commissar, and Ye Jianying as chief of staff.
Soon, Zhu De and Chairman Zhang jointly issued the "Plan to Go North". The Red First and Red Fourth Fronts were mixed into two armies: Zhu De was the commander-in-chief of the Left Route Army, Chairman Zhang was the political commissar, and Liu Bocheng was the chief of staff. There are 5 armies under its jurisdiction: 5, 9, 31, 32, and 33; the Right Route Army maintains the leading body of the Committee of Former Enemies, and the organs act with the army, and there are 4 armies under the jurisdiction of 1, 3, 4, and 30.
Mr. Zhu
After the left and right route armies acted separately, Chairman Zhang began to find various excuses, saying that how difficult it was to go north, and that the troops should go south to establish a "Chuankang base area." Seeing that Zhu De was not moved, Zhang actually ordered the Right Route Army to stop its northward advance and move closer to the Left Route Army in the name of the General Headquarters of the Red Army.
The chairman, Vice Chairman Zhou, and others saw that Zhang Yiyi was going his own way, so they resolutely broke away from the Right Route Army and led the 1st and 3rd Armies to go north alone. Zhang Wenzhi was furious and accused the Red Army of escapism.
After the Red Army moved north, Chairman Zhang presented himself as a leader and transferred back to the 4th Army and the 30th Army, spreading among the troops the remarks that "Mao, Zhou, Zhang, and Bo fled," and also held a meeting to force Zhu De and Liu Bocheng to take a stand.
One morning in September, Zhu De and Liu Bocheng suddenly received notice of a meeting. At the meeting, a banner was hung that read, "Oppose Mao, Zhou, Zhang, and Bo fleeing north," and Chairman Zhang excitedly made a speech at the meeting. Accusing escapism and not of being faithful. Zhu De has heard Chairman Zhang say this many times.
After Chairman Zhang finished speaking, there was a lot of discussion in the audience.
"Commander-in-Chief, you must take a stand in public against fleeing north!" The speaker was Huang Chao, the secretary general of the Political Department of the Red Fourth Front, and one of Chairman Zhang's most important figures.
Seeing that Zhu De did not say a word, Huang Chao continued: "You must make it clear today, and you must draw a clear line with the chairman and others! ”
Chairman Zhang also urged from the side: "Commander-in-Chief, comrades have made comments to you, you have to say a few words, it is good to take a stand!" ”
Jude stood up and said, "After all these years, I have only one creed, and that is to obey the decision of the organization. I raised my hand at the resolution of the Red Army to go north to create a base area. For now, I still think that the northward policy is correct. I can't go against the grain, punch myself in the mouth, and overturn the resolutions I've espoused! ”
Huang Chao led some people to shout: "Today you must draw a clear line against escapism!" ”
Zhu De replied indignantly: "What you said, it is difficult for me to do it." The Chairman and I have been together since we met at Jinggangshan. You know, even the enemy calls us Zhu Mao and Zhu Mao, so what is the reason for Zhu Mao? ”
The slogans at the meeting hall rose again, and Zhu De said emphatically: "I repeat again, I have raised my hand on the policy of going north, I will not oppose, that is, split me in half, and I am also saying this." The venue was suddenly silent.
Huang Chao also scolded Mr. Zhu for being "old and stupid, old and stubborn, old but not dead", and so on.
Liu Bocheng
At this time, Liu Bocheng stood up, "Is this a meeting organized, or is it a case trial?" How can you do this to our Commander-in-Chief of the Red Army! ”
At this moment, some people in the venue turned their spearheads to Liu Bocheng.
When Chairman Zhang saw that the meeting could not continue, he shouted loudly and said: "No matter what, no matter whether some people admit it or not, going north is an act of escapism and betrayal!" Only when we go south can we have a way out, can we make a revolution. Our slogan is: go south to Sichuan, hit Chengdu to eat rice! ”
After the meeting, Zhu De and Liu Bocheng returned to their residence.
"What the hell is going on?" Liu Bocheng was anxious.
Jude replied, "It's not clear for a moment, but we have to stand firm."
"So what do we do? Is it to go north, or to stay and persevere in the struggle? Liu Bocheng asked.
"We can't go, we have to stay and keep fighting. We cannot leave the 5th and 32nd Armies alone. I believe that sooner or later the cadres and fighters of the Left Route Army will return to the correct line. Jude said.
Chairman Zhang "blackmailed the commander-in-chief to order the princes", although he did not dare to do anything with Zhu De, but began to calculate the people below him. Hu Di, the head of the reconnaissance section of the headquarters, has always been unaccustomed to Zhang's behavior, and after a food poisoning, in a semi-comatose state, he scolded Zhang as a warlord. After Zhang found out, he actually arrested him on trumped-up charges and was soon poisoned.
Zhu De was very sad and repeatedly warned comrades that they should pay attention to the way of struggle and never be in a hurry. After this incident, Zhu De made up his mind that he could not sit still and must personally intervene to protect the safety of his comrades.
At the end of 1935, when The bureau chief Cao Lihuai learned that the Red Army had triumphantly arrived at Wuqi Town in northern Shaanxi, he excitedly told two comrades-in-arms who were looking forward to going north. When Chairman Zhang found out, he immediately arrested them and prepared to execute Cao Lihuai on the charge of "leaking secrets."
Zhu De found Chairman Zhang and questioned him: When the Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi, the enemy's newspapers were all published. Chairman Zhang knew that he was in a wrong, so he had to let Cao Li go.
Soon after, Peng Shaohui, who was transferred to the chief of staff of the 30th Army after the meeting, wrote a letter to Zhu De, reflecting that the soldiers did not approve of going south. Unexpectedly, this letter fell into the hands of Chairman Zhang halfway, and Zhang sent someone to call Peng Shaohui to the headquarters to talk.
As soon as Peng Shaohui entered the door, Huang Chao went up and slapped him. "Why oppose going south?" Huang Chao pulled out his pistol and pressed it against Peng Shaohui's chest.
Seeing that one of the military-level cadres he had brought out had been slapped by others, Zhu De was indignant. He grabbed the pistol and asked Huang Chao in a sharp voice: "What right do you have to beat people at will, and you should allow comrades to give advice, right?"
"To oppose going south is the enemy." Huang Chaozhen has words.
"Then I am also against going south, so you will shoot us all." After Zhu De finished speaking, the people present looked at each other, and Peng Shaohui also escaped this disaster.
Peng Shaohui during the Red Army period
According to the recollections of many old comrades, in the days when the Left Route Army went south to fight Chengdu, Zhu De was like putting out a fire every day. When he heard that there were cadres persecuted, he rushed to reason with Chairman Zhang. Chairman Zhang knew that he was in a bad position, and every time Zhu De came forward, things would not end.
In mid-November 1935, the Left Route Army, which insisted on going south, was surrounded by liu xiang and Xue Yue's two large armies in western Sichuan, and suffered heavy losses, and the troops were reduced from 80,000 to 40,000. In the face of setbacks and defeats, the overwhelming majority of commanders and fighters realized the mistake of going south, and the call for going north to join the Red Army became louder and louder.
In June 1936, Chairman Zhang, who was "worried about internal and external troubles", was forced to cancel his separate organization. In October 1936, the three main forces of the Red Army finally met the division in Victory in Huining.
Huang Chao, who was embarrassed by Zhu De at every turn during the Long March, later served as the political commissar of the Fifth Red Army. In the bloody battle of Gaotai, Huang Chao used the political commissar's final decision-making power to order the military commander Dong Zhentang to die on Gaotai, and in the end, Dong Zhentang and more than 3,000 soldiers died heroically.
After the failure of the Western Expedition, Huang Chao withdrew to Xinjiang with the left detachment and was later executed by Wang Ming. Chairman Zhang was sad and feared that Wang Ming would use the same means against him, and took the opportunity of sacrificing the Yellow Emperor's tomb to defect to the Jiang camp, but he was depressed and exiled to Canada, and eventually died in a foreign land.
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