As soon as World War II ended, China and France fought a war in Vietnam, although the scale of this war was not large, but China only suffered 30 casualties, killed more than 3,000 enemy troops, and severely damaged 3 French ships. At the Vietnamese and French troops, the whole army began to panic and raised white flags to surrender. This war was the Sino-French Battle of Coastal Defense. Since the Opium War, China's century-old humiliation has dealt a great blow to the arrogance of the French invaders.
So why did China and France break out in the Battle of Coastal Defense in Vietnam? How did the Nationalist army, which did not have the blessing of warships, achieve victory in the face of French steel guns and iron guns? Today we walk together into the earth-shattering Sino-French Battle of Coastal Defense 75 years ago.
On August 15, 1945, after the Japanese government announced its unconditional surrender, the Anti-Fascist League decided to divide Vietnam occupied by the Japanese army in two, in accordance with the spirit of the Potsdam Proclamation. It was stipulated that the Japanese forces in the area north of the 16th parallel north would be surrendered to China. The Japanese army south of the 16th parallel surrendered to Britain, which was the first time since 1840 that China had been surrendered to another country as a victorious country, so this surrender was also regarded as an important symbol of China's century-old national shame. At this time, the British army was already quite weak and could no longer exercise effective rule in this area, so it was entrusted to the French army. The history of the French army and China and Vietnam has a long history.
Vietnam had been a vassal state of China until modern times, and in the Qing-French War of 1883, France tried to invade Vietnam and the coastal areas of China in order to expand its colonial rule. Under the leadership of the veteran general Feng Zicai, although the Qing army won the Qing-French War, due to the corruption and incompetence of the Qing government, although France was defeated, it still snatched Vietnam from the Qing government and made it a French colony. It was not until after the outbreak of World War II, when Japan occupied the entire Indochina Peninsula, that the French army was forced to withdraw from Vietnam. Today, southern Vietnam is back in the hands of the French, but their ambitions are not being satisfied. In addition to south vietnam, they also wanted to annex north Vietnamese in kuomintang hands. Thus realizing their own colonial rule throughout Vietnam.
France's claim was supported by both Britain and the United States. Together, the three countries pressed Chiang Kai-shek's government to agree to withdraw his troops from North Vietnam. At this time, Chiang Kai-shek already had the idea of civil war, and the transfer of troops back into the country was in line with his plan. Although it is a pity to give up North Vietnam to each other, it is also a good deal if it can be exchanged for the support and assistance of Western countries in the Kuomintang's civil war. So on February 28, 1946, the Nationalist government and France signed the Sino-French Agreement, stipulating that Chinese troops would begin to hand over defense from March 1 to 15 and completely withdraw from Vietnam at the latest on the 31st.
In this way, an agreement has been reached between China and France, and there is absolutely no possibility of war between China and France. So why is the Sino-French Battle of Coastal Defense still fought? It turned out that Chiang Kai-shek's idea of civil war had long been formed, so when he sent troops to accept Japan's surrender, he deliberately removed a part of Lu Han of Wang Longyun's Dian army in Yunnan and accepted Japan's surrender across borders. When Lu Han, the security commander of the Dian Army, was surrendered in North Vietnam with excitement, Chiang Kai-shek immediately sent someone to take Yunnan, and Wang Longyun was forced to step down. Luján was also placed under house arrest shortly afterwards. The vietnamese dian army that learned of everything was in an uproar, and as far as they were concerned, the dragons were leaderless, could not return home, and were most likely packaged by Chiang Kai-shek and sent to the battlefield of the civil war.
Extremely angry, the Dian army in Vietnam decided to make some noise and forced Lu Han, the security commander of Chiang Kai-shek's Dian army. Issued on March 5, 1946. French consular representative Afson suddenly demanded that the Chinese army must withdraw from Vietnam by March 6, which was inconsistent with the previous agreement on March 15, so Wang Lihuan, the commander of the 130th Division at the time, refused Afsheng's request on the grounds that he had not received orders from his superiors. The arrogant and arrogant Avson's impression of China was still stuck in the Qing government, and he did not expect to be rejected by the weak and incompetent Chinese army, so he forcefully told Wang Lihuan that the French fleet was almost at the port of Haiphong, and in any case, the French army was bound to land in the port of Haiphong on March 6. After saying that, he turned and left.
HaiPhong Port is an important commercial port and seaport in Vietnam, located in a free zone with convenient transportation, and countless ships come and go. At this time, the French fleet, which had always had more than a dozen warships, had set out from South Vietnam and was advancing at a high speed in the direction of the coastal defense port. Why did the French Navy have such a deep obsession with March 6? It turned out that when the Japanese army occupied the Indochina Peninsula in 1940, the French army surrendered, but the whole army surrendered but brazenly refused to leave. It was finally completely resolved by the Japanese army from March 6 to 9, and the 9th became a day of humiliation for the French army in Vietnam. Therefore, France insisted that it land on the 6th and arrive in Hanoi on the 9th to reproduce the prestige and majesty of that year. Now that their plan has been blocked by China, it will naturally not give China a good look. The commander of the French Far East Team even declared to the outside world that the Chinese army had no tanks, artillery, aircraft, and warships, and that the equipment was very poor and the combat effectiveness was weak, and the French side decided that all the land, sea, and air forces in it would drive the Chinese army out of North Vietnam. The Vietnamese Dian Army, which had already held its stomach full of fire. I was even more indignant when I heard the news. Since 1840, new and old enemies have come together, and war between the two sides is on the verge of breaking out.
In the early morning of March 6, 1946, the Nationalist troops stationed in the port of Haiphong found that 12 French warships were divided into three formations and were speeding toward our army. Suddenly, the artillery opened fire, hitting an arsenal of the Nationalist army, and a continuous explosion occurred on the shore of the coastal defense port, and the surrounding warehouses and houses instantly turned into rubble and rubble. The Nationalist army responded angrily, and suddenly the cannon roared and smoke billowed out.
After the French fleet was blocked, it immediately split into two teams, each with 6 ships attacking the coastal defense port at the same time. Some warships outside the harbor also provided cross-cover of fire. The Nationalists were well aware of their weakness in weaponry, so they concentrated all their artillery fire as the enemy warships approached the harbor. The 6 mortars, two coastal defense guns, two heavy mortars and 6 light and heavy machine guns stationed near the port opened fire at the same time, directly repelling the two Landing Operations of the French Army. After the failed landing, the French army chose to lie dormant outside the harbor and eagerly looked for opportunities to move. The Nationalist army also made rapid adjustments, bringing in two artillery battalions as fire support, and when the French army attacked again, the Chinese army quickly counterattacked with the blessing of heavy artillery, and the artillery hit. One of them exploded and sank on the spot, and the other two were also badly damaged. The French troops on the warship were in a chaotic mess in an instant, and the sounds of fire, screaming, and jumping into the sea were all in one place. The Nationalist army on the shore was angry, using light and heavy machine guns to strafe the French troops on several warships at the same time, and on the flaming warships, the French soldiers held their heads and scurried, were killed and burned, and drowned countless soldiers.
Abano, the commander of the French army at the time, looked at the burning warships on the sea and the French soldiers who were desperately struggling in the water. This is really still the Chinese army that cut the land and pay compensation, but at this time there is no time for him to think, looking at the French soldiers who are constantly falling to the sea in front of him, the desperate Abanu finally chose to raise the white flag and surrender, and the Sino-French Battle of Coastal Defense, which consumed nearly two and a half hours, finally ended with the result of killing 3,000 captured French troops at the cost of 30 Chinese casualties.
After the battle, Abano, accompanied by an American officer, came to the headquarters of the 130th Division to negotiate. Abanu in the negotiations still wanted to struggle, but Chang Wang Lihuan directly presented an armistice agreement, in which the losses and faulty parties of the conflict were pointed out one by one, and marked on the agreement. After signing, the Chinese side will immediately release all prisoners detained by the French side. Both sides are also responsible for the casualties caused by this incident. Although the agreement is based on facts, it is undoubtedly a resounding slap in the face for France. Abano tried to bargain, but Wang Lihuan insisted that today's China is not the China of the past, and if you decide not to sign, you will only have to fight again, and you have no room for negotiation.
Wang Lihuan's tough attitude made Abanuna finally agree to sign a confession. Although the Sino-French Battle of Coastal Defense was not a large-scale battle, it had very important historical significance. It was China's first foreign victory after World War II, and it was also a battle in which the Chinese army raised its eyebrows. He not only washed away China's national shame for nearly a hundred years, but also once again verified napoleon's famous words with strength: China, the lion standing in the east of the world, has awakened.
Author: Guoxue that little thing. Daily one read, you are insisting, if you like, welcome to support.
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