Wen | Wenyuan said history
Edited by | Wenyuan
800,000 People's Liberation Army soldiers are near the city of Beiping, and the liberation of Beiping is just around the corner. But at this moment, Chairman Mao suddenly ordered the soldiers on the front line to suspend the attack. Unexpectedly, this decision actually made Fu Zuoyi, who was firmly defending Beiping, willing to surrender.
So what decision did Chairman Mao make at that time to let Fu Zuoyi surrender without a fight?
In the War of Liberation, Chairman Mao led the soldiers of the People's Liberation Army and the Kuomintang army led by Chiang Kai-shek to begin a four-year arduous battle.
However, the well-equipped Kuomintang army was not popular with the people after all, and after the Liaoshen Campaign, the situation in the whole country took a turn.
At this time, only the Fu Zuoyi clique was left in North China to stubbornly resist, and the liberation of Beiping and Tianjin became the most important thing at present.
On November 14, 1948, our great leader Chairman Mao expressed his views:
"In another year or so, it is possible to fundamentally overthrow the reactionary Kuomintang government."
Chairman Mao's words made Fu Zuoyi a bird of fright, because he knew that he would be the first person the PEOPLE's Liberation Army would pack up. And the isolated and helpless Fu Zuoyi also had his own little nine-nine in his heart, and Chiang Kai-shek once expressed to Fu Zuoyi the idea of abandoning Pingjin and letting him retreat south.
However, Fu Zuoyi had painstakingly operated in the Suiyuan region for many years, and he had managed to occupy Northern China with difficulty, and he was well aware of Chiang Kai-shek's extremely poor character and corruption and incompetence within the Kuomintang.
If he retreated south, his hundreds of thousands of troops would most likely be swallowed up by Chiang Kai-shek's concubine troops, and fu Zuoyi would not be able to speak bitterly, and could only bite his teeth and swallow into his stomach.
However, the situation in front of him was obviously more dangerous, and he knew that the PLA troops would soon be approaching the city, but he was still determined not to withdraw south. On the one hand, in his deliberations with Chiang Kai-shek in early November, he naively thought that the DEPLOYMENT of the PLA's forces in northern China could not be completed in a short period of time and would deal a devastating blow to Fu Zuoyi's troops.
On the other hand, it was because he really couldn't believe chiang kai-shek's promise to give preferential treatment to his own troops after retreating to the south. It seems that in Fu Zuoyi's heart, Chiang Kai-shek is an out-and-out hypocrite.
Originally, Fu Zuoyi thought that it would take at least three months for the Northeast Field Army to complete the repairs and mobilize troops to support North China.
Because in the Liaoshen Campaign, although the Northeast Field Army won a great victory, it consumed a lot of weapons and equipment and needed supplies. Moreover, at this time, the New Year is approaching, and there is more than a month to go before the Spring Festival arrives.
Fu Zuoyi believes that in this traditional festival of family reunion, the People's Liberation Army, which has worked hard for several years, should have a good rest.
However, he clearly underestimated the determination of the Communists and the People's Liberation Army to liberate all of China, and the Northeast Field Army, after the victory at the Liaoshen Campaign, was quickly reorganized and marched to the Pingjin area on November 23, 1948.
On November 29, the Battle of Pingjin was officially launched.
The first battle was the Battle of Zhangjiakou, which has been a place of contention since ancient times, and when the vanguard of the People's Liberation Army arrived at Zhangjiakou, Fu Zuoyi hurriedly sent the elite of the 35th Army to aid Zhangjiakou. At this time, he had no idea that the Northeast Field Army had quietly entered the customs, otherwise he would never have made such a risky move.
When Chairman Mao learned of Fu Zuoyi's move, he immediately made a decision and sent a telegram to the front line:
"Capture the first line of the Lower Garden area with the fastest means to cut off the connection between the enemy's temporary three armies and Zhangjiakou and Xuanhua."
Receiving the order, Yang Dezhi hurriedly marched to the Xuanhua area.
At this time, Fu Zuoyi was completely unaware that the elite 35th Army he had sent had already entered the tiger's mouth.
Early the next morning, the news of the Northeast Field Army's capture of Miyun reached Fu Zuoyi's ears, and he now knew that the Northeast Field Army had entered the pass, while his most elite unit, the 35th Army, had been sent to Zhangjiakou by himself.
Fu Zuoyi, who was embarrassed and angry, hurriedly ordered the elite of the 35th Army that had rushed to Zhangjiakou to return quickly, but how could the People's Liberation Army let the lambs in hand run away.
By the time Guo Jingyun, commander of the 35th Army, received Fu Zuoyi's news, it was too late, and his rear road had been cut off by the 12th Brigade of the Second Corps led by Yang Dezhi.
In order to return to Beiping, Guo Jingyun led his troops to the east, preparing to bypass the defense of the People's Liberation Army. However, the 12th Brigade followed the 35th Army to the death, greatly slowing down the 35th Army's march.
Eventually, the 35th Army reached The Town of New Bao'an, and just as Guo Jingyun was preparing to march east again, it was learned that the road east of New Town had been completely destroyed.
At this time, Guo Jingyun had fallen into a dazed situation, but fortunately, the deputy commander Wang Leizhen made a suggestion to find another way to seize the time to return to Beiping.
However, the arrogant Guo Jingyun did not accept Wang Leizhen's suggestion, but instead let the 35th Army camp in the same place and wait to see what happened. As Fu Zuoyi's ace army, Guo Jingyun believed that even if his troops were surrounded, they would still have the strength to fight a war.
In 1946, in Zhangjiakou, 70,000 people of the 35th Army repelled 200,000 People's Liberation Army, so Guo Jingyun still had a bottom in his heart.
However, it was Guo Jingyun's decision that allowed Fu Zuoyi's elite 35th Army to be annihilated in the new security.
Just as the 35th Army was camping and recuperating, Chairman Mao's telegram arrived:
"Go all out to the front line of Xuanhua and Xiahuayuan and resolutely block the 35th Army."
After Yang Dezhi and Luo Ruiqing received the telegram, they once again urged the main force to speed up the march. They also knew that if they could not stop the 35th Army here, it would be equivalent to returning the tiger to the mountain, which would have a great impact on the overall situation of the Pingjin Campaign.
In the early morning of December 8, 1948, the soldiers of the Second Corps traveled day and night, and finally arrived at the town of Xinbaoan, and then quickly completed the siege of the town of Xinbaoan, and now the 35th Army led by Guo Jingyun could not escape even if it was inserted.
The besieged Guo Jingyun immediately called Fu Zuoyi to ask for support, and Fu Zuoyi now finally understood that the North China Field Army surrounded Zhangjiakou in order to send the 35th Army to rush to the rescue, and then annihilate his elite.
Although Fu Zuoyi, who learned the truth, beat his chest and regretted it, he decided that he could not accept the result of the total annihilation of the 35th Army, and immediately sent the nearest 104th Army to the rescue.
But the wise Chairman Mao had already guessed Fu Zuoyi's thoughts, and the 104th Army was blocked by the People's Liberation Army shortly after its departure, and An Chunshan, who led the 104th Army, understood that the most important thing at this time was to rush to the town of Xinbaoan quickly, rather than to tangle with the enemy in front of him.
He then led his troops south in an attempt to bypass the blocking Plathsmen. However, at this time, in addition to the Pingjin area, North China had become the world of the People's Liberation Army, and the 104th Army was unable to move under the encirclement and blockade of the People's Liberation Army.
Although the 104th Army was only a few kilometers away from the 35th Army, An Chunshan was unable to break through the PLA's defense and the confluence of the 35th Army.
The trapped 35th Army also began the battle of trapped beasts under the leadership of Guo Jingyun, and they fought fiercely with excellent weapons and equipment and the People's Liberation Army of the Second Corps.
After many charges, the 35th Army still did not break through the encirclement of the Second Corps, and they had no choice but to establish fortifications in the town of Xinbao'an and wait for the arrival of Nationalist reinforcements.
In fact, Guo Jingyun also knew in his heart that there were no reinforcements from the Kuomintang outside, and only a few hundred thousand troops under Fu Zuoyi were left in the entire North China region at this time, and the 35th Army led by himself was the elite of the elite.
He regretted his previous arrogance in his heart, if he had followed Wang Leizhen's advice at that time, he would not have ended up in such a field now if he had evacuated from Xinbao'an Town earlier.
But time can not come again, Guo Jingyun can only wait for the opportunity to launch the final attack, if he still can not break through the defense, he can only wait for death in the same place.
At this time, Yang Dezhi and Luo Ruiqing, who were surrounded outside, had different feelings, and they had already completed the tasks assigned by Chairman Mao at this time, and they could breathe a sigh of relief.
The next thing to do was to trap the 35th Army in the town of Xinbaoan.
For Chairman Mao instructed in the "Operational Policy on the Pingjin Campaign":
In order to prevent Chiang Kai-shek from making a quick decision for the Fu Zuoyi clique to abandon Pingjin and go south, he adopted the policy of "encircling and not fighting" against Zhangjiakou and the new security guards within two weeks, so that after the deployment was completed, the enemy would be annihilated. ”
It can be seen that Chairman Mao's unique military vision and long-term views have completely crushed Chiang Kai-shek.
Finally, on December 22, 1948, Chairman Mao ordered a general offensive against Xinbao'an Town, and the North China Field Army annihilated the suffering 35th Army in only ten hours, and the commander Guo Jingyun committed suicide on the battlefield because of his own arbitrariness and arrogance.
The total annihilation of the 35th Army was the heaviest blow to Fu Zuoyi.
On January 10, 1949, the Battle of Huaihai was a complete victory, and the news reached Fu Zuoyi, and his last psychological defense line collapsed.
He originally thought that after losing the elite of the 35th Army, he could still rely on Beiping and Tianjin to mediate with the People's Liberation Army, but the results of the Huaihai Campaign proved that the Kuomintang had no place in northern China, and may even be completely defeated.
Later, on January 14, 1949, the People's Liberation Army launched an offensive against the Tianjin defenders, taking the impregnable Tianjin in just one day.
At this time, Fu Zuoyi still had three choices, the first was to stick to Beiping and the People's Liberation Army to fight to the death of the net, but Fu Zuoyi knew in his heart that losing the 35th Army was like being unloaded. Even if his ability to judge the situation was poor, he knew that he could not hold out in Beiping for three months.
The second option was to retreat south, after all, Chiang Ching-kuo had already come to Beiping with Chiang Kai-shek's handwritten letter to persuade him to retreat south, but at this time Fu Zuoyi knew that his fate in going south now would not be better than sticking to Beiping. If you want to gain a foothold within the Kuomintang, you must have a strong military strength, and Fu Zuoyi, who lost the 35th Army, has no capital to negotiate conditions with Chiang Kai-shek.
The last road is to peacefully liberate Peiping, the same as the Chinese, Fu Zuoyi, who recognizes the reality, does not want to be stubborn, although Chiang Kai-shek has repeatedly threatened secretly, but there is no better choice at the moment.
At this time, it was approaching the Spring Festival of 1949, and Fu Zuoyi had not yet decided how to choose.
Chairman Mao, on the other hand, suddenly made a decision to let the People's Liberation Army, which surrounded Peiping, open an opening and set up a market outside the city for the people inside the city to buy New Year goods.
It turned out that the People's Liberation Army had been besieging Peiping for a long time, and there was a shortage of materials in the city, and it happened that it was close to the Spring Festival, and Chairman Mao made this decision in order to let the people in the city have a good year.
As the saying goes, whoever wins the hearts and minds of the people wins the world, and Chairman Mao still thinks of the people in the city at this moment, and this is our great leader, thinking of the people all the time, and everything he does is for the people.
In the end, Fu Zuoyi was impressed by Chairman Mao's actions and willingly chose to peacefully liberate Peiping.
Thank you to our great leader Chairman Mao for thinking of the people at the most critical moment, and we will always miss you!