In the traditional concept, we always feel that electric vehicles with a price of about 100,000 can only meet the most basic daily transportation, weekend outings or a little long distance is only the performance of crotch pulling and endurance anxiety. But in fact, after generation after generation of battery technology precipitation, motor structure optimization, thermal management system upgrades, many pure electric new energy vehicles have made breakthroughs in the endurance performance. In the cold winter in the north, it is a natural strength assessment for the tram, and how far to run with full power is naturally a problem that more people pay attention to.
In August last year, BYD launched a new car dolphin priced at 93,800-121,800 yuan after subsidies, with bionic design, young and fashionable styling configuration, and endurance performance that meets the needs of most people, achieving monthly sales of 10,000 units in less than half a year. Of course, looking back at the previous content of Easy Car, we can also see that our colleagues in the south have just done the summer endurance test of the car in Hainan, and have passed multi-dimensional tests such as multi-person rides, urban congestion, high-speed long-term endurance, etc., and have run out of more eye-catching results.
This time is obviously not as easy as the last time, on January 15, BYD held a winter endurance photoelectric challenge in Beijing, as the name suggests, it is to run from slow point to light. As witnesses, we have to drive a BYD dolphin in Beijing, where the minimum temperature is minus 13 degrees Celsius and the maximum temperature is about 1 degree, and the by-one wheel flow of two people completes the entire low temperature endurance challenge. The first thing that needs to be emphasized is that this endurance challenge we are driving a fashionable version of the Dolphin model, the official said THATC has a range of 405km. The model uses a front-mounted DC synchronous motor with a maximum power of 95 kW, and the battery pack is a 44.9 kWh lithium iron phosphate battery.
Before talking about the endurance challenge, let's briefly introduce some strategies for BYD dolphins to cope with low temperatures. BYD Dolphin is BYD's first model based on e-platform 3.0 technology. In order to ensure that the impact is under different operating temperatures, the car uses things like blade batteries, heat pump systems, battery pack refrigerant direct cooling and direct heat, eight-in-one electric powertrain and so on. Among them, the technical highlights of the blade battery are the energy density of 150Wh/kg and the manufacturing process of laminated arrangement, which has been verified before in terms of safety, and the endurance level we will also explore this time to see how its lithium iron phosphate battery performs at low temperatures. In terms of heat pump system, the battery pack and the air conditioning system are integrated into a common heat pump system. Dolphin's heat pump compressor can carry out synchronous heating cycles on the air conditioning system and the direct-cooling battery pack, and the supporting thermal management system flexibly converts heat between the cockpit, the electric drive and the battery pack through the control of multiple valve bodies. Of course, the official also said that its operating temperature covers -30 ° C to 40 ° C. The eight-in-one electric drive, simply put, is to drive the motor, reducer, drive motor controller, high voltage distribution box, high and low voltage DC converter DCDC, vehicle charger, vehicle controller, battery manager BMS highly integrated, and the most interesting in this system is the silicon carbide electronic control and flat wire motor. Silicon carbide electronic control because of the special performance of the material to increase the power density, and the flat line motor by changing the copper wire layout density to further increase the full slot rate and reduce the resistance, in short, both are optimizing performance and energy consumption performance, improve power efficiency.
Let's briefly talk about my experience with dolphins, we usually drive a lot of new energy vehicles, at this price point of new energy vehicles are difficult to take into account all aspects, dolphins are also. However, the dolphin still has a very amazing part, and the appearance is enough to be foreign and the design is also good. Parts such as the door handle rim are designed to take care of the wind resistance coefficient and appearance.
Dolphin's car can not require it to give you a lot of advanced materials to enhance the texture, but the environmentally friendly recycled materials composed of the interior is enough and there is no disgusting odor, which is known to all civilian cars to consider. Of course, the sense of design is still there, in addition to the marine style of the streamline, D-Link large screen UI is simple, the start is also very fast, the functional coverage is also complete, we test drive this high-end model also has electric seats, panoramic canopy, automatic air conditioning, automatic headlights and other configurations, basic daily can be used to enhance the use of the experience of the configuration has everything.
Then there is the use of space, the length, width and height of the dolphin are 4125mm, 1770mm, 1570mm, on the whole, it is small in the family car, but because it is the product of the pure electric platform, the space is maximized to the interior of the car, which can also be seen from the front cabin, so the wheelbase of 2700mm provides a considerable ride space for the car, the front row of view is great, and the triangle window is not a decoration.
The opening angle of the four doors is also very convenient for passengers to enter and exit and ride, and even in the front of the dashboard, each door panel has a large amount of storage space in the central control armrest, and the only fly in the ointment may be that the trunk space is slightly smaller.
Although the dolphins have prepared a lot of coping strategies, practice is the standard for verifying this set of technologies. For the endurance test, BYD recommended the route of the endurance test, which is from Jin Mao Yisheng Garden in Shunyi, Beijing to Gubei Water Town in Miyun, Beijing (about 83 kilometers)
From Gubei Water Town to Beijing Yanqing's DoubleTree by Hilton (about 160 kilometers), from DoubleTree by Hilton to Jinmao Yisheng Garden (about 86 kilometers) in Shunyi, Beijing, a total of 3 sections of the line are mainly based on national highways, and the maximum speed can reach 60-70km/h, which is more in line with the habitual range of most people's daily cars, but this time does not include high-speed roads at all.
In addition, because it is a weekend, there are slightly more people and cars on the road than usual, because the route arrangement is close to the mountainous area, the temperature is generally low, the road surface is more undulating, and the power consumption is slightly higher than that of the flat route, which also makes the power consumption closer to the daily stop-and-go experience.
Before departure, we will be fully charged, the meter display endurance of 405km, after the route does not charge at all, whether it can be completely depended on foot strength and luck. According to past experience, the winter endurance of general electric vehicles is accustomed to using NEDC endurance by 0.7 to convert a similar data for ourselves as a reference. For the NEDC 405km car, before leaving, we were actually mentally prepared to complete the last stage in a trailer.
We counted the power consumption of the entire process, and every 10% of the mileage remaining mileage and the power loss ratio were recorded. Before departure, we adjusted the driving mode to ECO, the kinetic energy recovery to a larger feedback, and the automatic air conditioning to 26 degrees to ensure the comfort of the car, after all, electric vehicles are different from fuel vehicles, and the cabin can hardly produce any "thermal gain" effect on the cockpit. Of course, it is a long way to listen to music to relieve fatigue, and in a period of comfort we began the journey of not being able to get on the trailer.
The first section of the road is basically based on the upper slope, after all, Gubei Water Town is deep in the mountains and forests, driving on the national highway is too slow to affect the traffic, too fast consumption is also a problem, so we are basically at the level of 80% of the speed limit of the route at that time, the average speed is stable between 45-50km/h, not fast, but also absolutely improper roadblock.
Soon the remaining electricity is close to 90%, this section is basically based on flat roads, traffic lights and pedestrian lines of the start and stop avoidance has become a large consumption of electricity. At this time, the table shows that it has traveled 38 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC has a range of 366 kilometers, and at this time, the table shows that the power loss and the real consumption are basically still in the case of 1:1.
When the power consumption reached 80%, we began to cross the Miyun city into the mountains, and the consumption of the remaining mileage began to become faster. The motor driving power under the flat road can generally be maintained at 5-6kW, and with a slight slope, the consumption will directly explore 12-17kW. At this time, the table shows that the mileage has been 64.4 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC has a range of 327 kilometers, at this time, the table shows that the power loss and the real consumption are close to 1.2:1.
Soon we arrived in Gubei Water Town, at this time the power consumption is 74%, the continuous climb has become a large consumer of electricity, and in order not to be thrown on the road and other rescue, we chose to reduce the air conditioning temperature and change to 1 wind block, and the sound volume has become slightly convergent. At this time, the table shows that the mileage has been 82.4 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC has a range of 303 kilometers, at this time, the table shows that the power loss and real consumption are close to 1.23:1.
After a short rest, we began to march to Yanqing, paying a reward, the previous uphill, at this time has become a increase in battery life. The downhill process of the taxi will basically have -5kW supplement, when the power consumption to 70%, the meter has traveled 103 kilometers, the remaining NEDC endurance of 283 kilometers, at this time the table shows a power loss and the real consumption is close to 1.18:1. It is worth noting that the sunrise tires matched by dolphins in the downhill process do not have much rolling resistance and the sliding distance is also ideal.
When the power consumption reached 60%, we returned to the relatively flat section of the road, still controlling the homeopathic power at about 5-7kW, but at this time, the temperature of the road surface under the sun was lower, and the battery's thermal management system was slowing down the dolphin's mid-section power loss as much as possible. The table shows that it has traveled 147 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC has a range of 242 kilometers, at this time the meter shows a power loss and a real consumption of 1.11:1, the overall performance is satisfactory, and we have also turned the air conditioner back to 26 degrees again.
When the electricity consumption reaches 50%, we have begun to cross the mountain road leading to Yanqing, and the remaining mileage consumption becomes faster as the slope increases. At this time, the table shows that it has traveled 182 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC has a range of 200 kilometers, and the table shows that the power loss and real consumption are close to 1.13:1. It is not difficult to see that if they are all flat roads, the dolphin's first 50% of the power can basically be maintained at about 90% of the NEDC endurance, even if you do not consider the consumption factor to drive at will, the overall consumption will not exceed 80%, in the environment of about 0 degrees, in some high temperature environments in the south, obviously the performance will be more outstanding.
When the battery consumption reaches 40%, we are still driving on the mountain roads with more uphill slopes, and the remaining mileage consumption continues to increase as the slope increases. At this time, the table shows that the mileage has been driven 213 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC has a range of 160 kilometers, and the table shows that the power loss and real consumption are close to 1.15:1.
After the end of the uphill section, it basically arrives in Yanqing County, at this time the power consumption reaches 30%, at this time the meter shows that it has traveled 230 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC has an endurance of 120 kilometers, at this time, the meter shows that the power loss and the real consumption are close to 1.24:1, and the continuous mountain road driving and temperature drop make the power consumption reach the peak.
In the end, when we arrived at DoubleTree by Hilton in Yanqing, the power consumption was 26%, at this time the meter showed that the mileage had been 243.7 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC had a range of 103 kilometers, at this time the meter showed that the power loss and the real consumption were still 1.24:1, in the safety consideration, we were ready to continue the next day, and the dolphin needed to undergo 15 hours of low temperature standing test. However, it is gratifying that after a night of about 0 ° C in the garage low temperature standing, the overall endurance almost attenuated power loss amplitude of less than 1%.
On the second day of departure, the outdoor temperature was only -13 ° C, the air conditioner, electric drive, battery pack, cockpit were reheated, consuming some power, when the power consumption reached 20%, we drove out of Yanqing to start the return journey, and prepared to start entering the downhill. At this time, the table shows that it has traveled 255 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC has a range of 83 kilometers, at this time the table shows that the power loss and the real consumption are close to 1.26:1, saying that it is impossible not to be anxious, we even began to doubt whether we can reach the end point 80 kilometers away.
All the way downhill let the battery life back above our preset safety line, when the power consumption reached 15%, the meter has traveled 290 kilometers, the remaining NEDC 59 kilometers, at this time the table shows a power loss and the real consumption returns to 1.19:1.
When the power consumption reaches 11% of the remaining 45 km of NEDC mileage, the vehicle reminds us that we need to recharge, and the maximum power begins to be limited.
And when the power consumption reaches 10%, we have returned to the flat road and crossed the changping county town of Constant Stop, the meter shows that it has traveled 321 kilometers, and the remaining NEDC has a range of 40 kilometers, at this time the table shows that the power is down and the real consumption is back to 1.14:1. Seeing that we had a few kilometers left to reach the finish line, we began to change our strategy, began to ignore the rules but follow the law, and began to "pluck" all the way to the speed limit. In the end, about 8% of the electricity was left to reach the end.
Probably unwillingly, we wanted to see how the dolphin with a nominal 405km endurance could run multiples, so we drove the car on the nearby highway and turned back at the nearest intersection, and finally ran the battery to 0% when it drove 350 kilometers, which was not over We also found in the background that it had about 6% spare power available, but for safety reasons, we stopped the "crazy" pace and successfully arrived at the charging pile. In fact, if we combine our "last madness" into the previous mileage, the entire endurance test process can be said to be quite in line with our daily commuting habits. The actual endurance of 350 km is the official nominal endurance of 405 km, the deviation rate is less than 15%, and it is still in the northern environment of -13 °C to 1 °C. It is not difficult to see that the BYD dolphin really has two brushes.
In fact, all kinds of endurance tests have been more or less designed for product preferences, including the design of no high-speed section in this trip. However, we have restored the real car scene of BYD dolphins as much as possible through the form of drama. As far as the endurance performance of a box of electric runs through 350 kilometers, it is already a very good performance in the 100,000-class price point model. Previously, we have always questioned the unstable performance of vehicles using lithium iron phosphate batteries at low temperatures, and BYD has also answered questions with a series of technologies. As far as this comprehensive experience is concerned, I personally think that the dolphin's low temperature performance is good, and the driving texture is also good. If I were to consider buying a car of about 100,000 or so, I would add it to my list of candidates.