preface
After the defeat of the Kuomintang, many important people fled to Taiwan, although some people did not have the right, but they were okay, some people were persecuted to death by Chiang Kai-shek early, like Bai Chongxi in the previous article, and there was one person who was persecuted like Bai Chongxi, but he has always been strong and alive, he is Xue Yue!
Xue Yue began to sympathize with the workers' revolution and oppose Chiang Kai-shek, but unfortunately he never received support, but he became the leading general who forced the Red Army to march!
Xue Yueqi
Xue Yue was born in Guangdong, because his father admired Yue Fei, he named his son Xue Yangyue, hoping that his son could serve the country like Yue Fei in the future, Xue Yue grew up thinking that just admiring Yue Fei was not enough, so he removed the word "Yang" to encourage himself with Yue Fei.
Xue Yue was once a hero of the Northern Expedition, he was a hero during the War of Resistance, many of his playing styles are very similar to the Eighth Route Army, he was also a sinner in the civil war, fled to Taiwan, and there was no way to return to his hometown in his 100s.
In 1906, Xue Yue entered the Whampoa Army Primary School, where he was a classmate of Deng Yanda and Ye Ting, joined the League after graduation, and joined the Chinese Revolutionary Party in 1914. Later, he transferred to the Baoding Army School and went south to Guangdong in 1918 to participate in the revolution.
In 1921, Xue Yue was transferred to the first battalion commander of the Guard Regiment of Sun Yat-sen's Presidential Palace, Ye Ting was the commander of the second battalion at that time, and the commander of the third battalion was Zhang Fakui. In 1922, he was sent to the Xu Chongzhi Department of the Cantonese Army, a staff officer of the Lieutenant Colonel of the General Headquarters, and his immediate superior was Chiang Kai-shek, because of his bravery in battle, he often won more with less, coupled with his heroic performance in the Second Eastern Expedition, and later in the Northern Expedition, the Third Regiment led by Xue Yue always fought heroically and became a model. In January 1927, he became the youngest division commander in the National Revolutionary Army.
It is recommended to arrest Chiang Kai-shek
In March 1927, Zhou Enlai led
The Third Shanghai Workers' Armed Uprising
，
At the request of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions, Xue Yue marched into Shanghai on March 22, ignoring the opposition of Bai Chongxi, the commander-in-chief of the former enemy, and escorted the Shanghai workers' uprising
Role.
It was precisely because of this act that he was considered by Chiang Kai-shek to be Xue Yue."
There are signs of leftism
Regarded as an unreliable person, he decided to transfer the First Division out of Shanghai, and Xue Yue, who had received the news, rushed to the Shanghai Cpc Central Committee.
It was suggested that Chiang Kai-shek be arrested to avoid his poisonous hands, but unfortunately, the central government at that time did not agree, otherwise there would have been a later "April 12 rebellion", and Xue Yue would be dismissed from his post on April 5.
On April 12, 1927, Chiang Kai-shek launched the April 12 counter-revolutionary coup that shocked China and foreign countries.
From 1928 to 1932, the warlords of various factions within the Kuomintang fought each other, and the relationship between mutual subordination changed very quickly. Xue Yue first defected to Li Jishen, who was forced to leave his post and then to Zhang Fakui, who was forced to flee because of his massacre of revolutionaries in Guangzhou, which he was denounced and attacked by various factions within the party.
Xue Yue and his commander went north to join Chiang Kai-shek, but Chiang Kai-shek was ostracized and did not assign him a post, so in desperation, Xue Yue went south again and participated in the anti-Chiang activities of Wang Jingwei and others.
From 1929 to 1930, Xue Yue repeatedly instigated his classmates to carry out anti-Chiang kai-shek activities, but unfortunately they all failed. Xue Yue's troops also became less and less, and finally the disheartened Xue Yue resigned and lived idly.
Xue Yue's 20,000-mile long march! Mao Zedong once said: "When you encounter Xue Boling, you must hold your weight!"
Xue Yue has opposed Chiang Kai-shek many times, and according to Chiang Kai-shek's wide-eyed and retributive personality, Xue Yue should not have any good results, but Chiang Kai-shek still remembered him.
In 1933, after four encirclements and suppressions of Chiang Kai-shek's loss of troops, the urgent need for "general talent", faced with the situation that no one was available, Chiang Kai-shek decided to use Xue Yue, and in May, Xue Yue became the commander of the Fifth Army.
Immediately after xue yue arrived at his post, he took part in the "encirclement and suppression" of the central revolutionary base areas, and throughout the campaign, Xue Yue made great contributions to Chiang Kai-shek. When the Central Committee began the Long March, Xue Yue led another 100,000 "pursuit and suppression army" to pursue the Red Army behind them. Later, he led 400,000 troops to chase after the Red Army until after the Zunyi Conference.
After the Zunyi Conference, Chairman Mao Zedong restored the military command of the Red Army, and using flexible tactics, got rid of Xue Yue's pursuit, and Xue Yue also changed from the original success to the tailgating of failure, and finally was left far behind.
The Red Army began the Twenty-Five Thousand Mile Long March, followed by Xue Yue, who followed in a twenty-thousand-mile long march, and Xue Yue, while following the Red Army, installed personnel from the provinces and cities he passed, expanding Chiang Kai-shek's influence in the southwestern provinces.
Chiang Kai-shek once said: "When the communist army enters Qianqian, we can follow it, which is better than we use troops specifically for Tuqian." Xue understood Chiang Kai-shek's intention very well, and in the process of pursuing the seizure, he arranged for people from the Nanjing government everywhere, or bribed the deployment of the original southwest warlords, thus weakening the southwest power faction.
When Xue Yue arrived in Guizhou, he first replaced the Qian army with the central army as the guiyang city defense army, and after Chiang Kai-shek appointed him as the director of the "Appeasement Office" in Guiyang, he investigated and sorted out Wang Jialie's information, forced Wang Jialie to resign, and at the same time made Wang Jialie's concubine troops subordinate to the central army through co-optation, bribery, and annexation, and finally Wang Jialie was forced to resign from his post as military commander, making Guizhou the domain of Chiang Kai-shek.
Take the initiative to fight, the Battle of Songhu!
In 1937, after the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Xue Yue was no longer willing to stay in the southwest, and repeatedly asked Chiang Kai-shek to kill the enemy, and after the Battle of Songhu, Xue Yue was appointed commander of the 19th Army group and stationed in Anting, western Shanghai.
During the period of commanding the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in Shanghai, Xue Yue commanded calmly, was on the front line, stood by the telephone day and night, personally issued various orders, ate and lived on the front line, slept in the command headquarters, and always braved the rain of bullets and bullets to move on the front line.
On October 8, Xue Yue led his troops to resist on the south bank of Yunzaobang and held out for more than half a month. In the second half of the month, he led the Nineteenth Army to repel five fierce attacks of the Japanese army at Zhuyuan Village, and at the same time inflicted heavy losses on the Japanese army, Xue Yue's troops also suffered heavy losses.
After the fall of Nanjing, Xue Yue was appointed commander-in-chief of the former enemy in the Third Theater, and he took in and sorted out various retreating troops and retreated to southern Anhui; in accordance with the operational principles of "taking tactical offensives in the strategic defensive position" and "defending with regular armies and attacking them with guerrillas," he successively set up guerrilla base areas at Huangshan and Tianmushan and commanded the third theater to penetrate deep behind the enemy. It played a positive role in stabilizing the war situation in Jiangnan.
In May 1938, Xue Yue was transferred to the commander-in-chief of the First Corps of the First Theater of Operations, commanding the Battle of Lanfeng, which severely damaged the 13th Division of the Japanese Army. In August, Xue Yue repeatedly defeated japanese attacks in Nanxun, crushing the Japanese attempt to attack Nanchang. In October, the Great Victory of Wanjialing was achieved, eliminating more than 10,000 Japanese troops and capturing more than 300 enemy soldiers.
Ye Ting said:
"The great victory of Wanjialing and the capital of Banghong are in danger, as the guarantee of Jianghan, and with Pingxingguan and Taierzhuang, the fame should be immortal!"
Stick to Changsha and fight three battles
In 1939, Xue Yue served as the commander of the Ninth Theater and the chairman of the Hunan Provincial Government, and at the beginning Chiang Kai-shek was ready to abandon Changsha, but Xue Yue said: "Changsha is not defended, where is the duty of a soldier?" Bai Chongxi also advised him to preserve his strength in preparation for a long-term war of resistance. But Xue Yue said that he was stuck in Changsha. Xue Yue fought three major battles in Changsha.
The First Battle.
The balance of forces between the enemy and us, the Japanese army has six divisions, more than 100 aircraft, and more than 300 ships. Xue Yue's army consisted of 21 corps and 52 divisions.
In June 1939, Xue Yue formulated four basic operational principles: First, to respond to the battle by maneuvering and not sticking to the position and being beaten; second, destroying the main lines of communication, causing the enemy to lose the offensive power of the chariot; third, setting up more ambushes to lure the enemy deep and carry out counter-encirclement against the enemy; fourth, organizing the people, fortifying the wall and clearing the field, and not letting the enemy get supplies. He adopted the operational policy of "retreating and fighting for the outer wing", and after more than 20 days of fighting, the Japanese army lost more than 40,000 people.
The Second Battle.
In contrast to between the enemy and us, the Japanese army's four divisions and two independent brigades totaled 150,000 people, more than 100 aircraft, and more than 200 ships. Xue Yue's 17 armies had more than 200,000 men.
In late September 1941, due to the fact that the telegram was cracked by the enemy, in the first stage, Xue Yue's troops were repeatedly defeated, resulting in the loss of Changsha. However, Xue Yue calmly responded, once again implementing the policy of "retreating and fighting a decisive battle", taking advantage of the japanese army's pride to publicize the siege of Changsha, and the Chinese army formed a counter-encirclement posture, so that the enemy's transportation could not keep up, and finally had to flee northward. Xue Yue immediately pursued, blocked, and ambushed along the way, achieving great results, annihilating more than 40,000 Japanese troops and capturing a large number of weapons and equipment.
The Third Battle.
The balance of forces between us and the enemy. The Japanese army mobilized 120,000 people, and the remaining combatants of Xue Yue's army.
The Japanese army took advantage of the Chinese army's defense of Hong Kong to try to occupy Changsha before New Year's Day, but did not expect that Xue Yue's troops had arrived at the predetermined location at the beginning of the Japanese army's launch, and Xue Yue adopted the "Heavenly Furnace Tactics" to give the enemy a annihilating blow. As a result, the Japanese army could not attack for a long time, but was surrounded, and finally forced to retreat, Xue Yue immediately commanded the troops to block and intercept the enemy to give a major blow, which lasted half a month, annihilated more than 50,000 enemy troops, and captured a number of weapons.
The victory in the three battles of Changsha was the battle in which the enemy and ourselves threw the most troops, the largest scale, the longest front, and the largest number of enemy annihilations by the enemy since the War of Resistance Against Japan entered the stalemate stage. The victory in the Three Great Battles dealt a great blow to Japan's arrogance and greatly encouraged the fighting spirit of the people of the whole country. As one of the commanders of this campaign, Xue Yue made indelible contributions to the War of Resistance Against Japan. He was the general who dealt the greatest blow to the Japanese army and annihilated the Japanese army the most during the War of Resistance.
For this reason, the commander-in-chief of the Japanese army, Ninji Okamura, said:
It is easy to shake the mountain and difficult to shake General Xue
。
Generals who often lost civil wars
Xue Yue, who had repeatedly won battles in the War of Resistance Against Japan, was repeatedly defeated in the civil war.
In June 1946, Chiang Kai-shek provoked a civil war, when Xue Yue was serving as the director of the "Appeasement Office" in Xuzhou, in the early days, Xue Yue's military operations were still very smooth, by the end of August, Xue Yue's troops consumed a large number of troops of the People's Liberation Army, and the main force of the Central China Field Army was contained in the central Soviet region, effectively cooperating with the Kuomintang army in Huainan and Huaibei. This was also Xue Yue's good fortune, and good luck never came to Xue Yue again.
On October 6, 1946, Xue Yue's troops attacked the Lunan Liberated Area, the New Fourth Army avoided the truth, and the main force had long since retreated, allowing Xue Yue to easily occupy Zaozhuang and other places, so that Xue Yue was complacent and planned to further expand the results of the battle. Unexpectedly, the situation was reversed, and in November, Taierzhuang was attacked by Ye Fei's army. December. Xue Yue's 26th Division was again surrounded, Xue Yue sent reinforcements to be also surrounded, and the 26th Division, which failed to break through, was completely destroyed in 1947.
Xue Yue's defeat greatly annoyed Chiang Kai-shek and sent Chen Cheng to empty him, and as a result, Chiang Kai-shek and Chen Cheng's blind command directly led to the total annihilation of the Li Xianzhou clique in Laiwu, the Second Appeasement District. How could Chiang Kai-shek bear the responsibility for defeat, so he took Xue Yue as a scapegoat and removed Xue Yue from his post on March 3 on the charge of "weak command and low reputation".
Later, Chiang Kai-shek gave him an idle post, and in desperation, he could only discuss current politics with Zhang Fakui and others, and during the 1948 puppet National Congress, he raised funds and canvassed votes for sun ke (Sun Yat-sen's eldest son) campaign, and also fixed the post of chief of the general staff in Sun Ke's cabinet.
After the Battle of Huaihai, Xue Yue and other Cantonese people proposed it
"Cantonese rule Cantonese"
With the slogan, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Xue Yue as chairman of the Guangdong provincial government.
In February 1949, under the slogan of "Great Unity of the People of Guangdong", Xue Yue wantonly recruited the old military and political personnel in Guangdong, expanded his strength, and reorganized the troops to adapt to the operations of large corps. An attempt was made to block the Platon's march into Guangdong.
In October, the People's Liberation Army entered Guangdong in a big way, and Xue Yue had no choice but to flee to Hainan, where he tried to use the natural dangers of the Qiongzhou Strait to block the People's Liberation Army.
In 1950, Xue Yue met Chiang Kai-shek to ask for the withdrawal from Hainan, but was opposed by Chiang Kai-shek, on March 5, the People's Liberation Army launched the Hainan Campaign, Xue Yue's defenders collapsed at a touch, Xue Yue had to ask Chiang Kai-shek to withdraw his troops again, and Chiang Kai-shek had no choice but to agree, Xue Yue's troops could only withdraw from Hainan, and on May 1, Hainan was liberated.
You think it's easy to get to Taiwan? wrong! Humiliation came
Xue Yue, who arrived in Taiwan, like other senior Kuomintang officials, was in a state of idleness, from a first-level general "strategic adviser" to a "political councilor" to a chairman of the "Design Committee for the Restoration of the Mainland." At this time, Xue Yue still hoped to emulate Yue Fei, but he had no real power and could only idle at home and chat for comfort. Although he did not die like Yue Fei, he was also suspected by Chiang Kai-shek.
As for the high-ranking Kuomintang officials and heavy officials who entered Taiwan, Chiang Kai-shek was still uneasy about Xue Yue and others after seizing their great power, and was worried about his kind of contacts with Bai Chongxi and others, so in 1952, Chiang Kai-shek conducted an earth-shaking search of Xue Yue's residence under the pretext of Xue Yue's suspicion of colluding with the "third force", and only Bai Chongxi had the same treatment.
The two men did not accept the phone call and asked Chiang Ching-kuo, but Chiang Ching-kuo said: "This is not what I mean, you call and ask the president." Chiang Kai-shek replied, "I know about this, and we should conduct such a big search for everyone." However, in fact, there were only two people, Xue Yue and Bai Chongxi, and no one else had been treated in this way.
Soon after, Xue Yue was attacked for "unclear use of large amounts of public funds" during his tenure in Guangdong, after which Xue Yue became even more depressed, spending the rest of his time studying except for occasional hunting. This study is 40 years, and it cannot but be said that this old gentleman is really destined.
In 1990, chiang kai-shek's father and son had long since died, and he was still alive, and in order to ensure the smoothness of the so-called "presidential" election at the meeting held that year, Xue Yue, who was 97 years old, presided over the opening ceremony.
In the past few decades in Taiwan, Xue Yue has been thinking about his hometown across the sea. His former residence in Jiufeng was repaired by the people's government, and the cultural relics in the family were properly kept. The villagers in Lechang also sent letters and photos many times to tell Xue Yue about the new appearance of their hometown, and entrusted people to greet him, which made him very moved.
In 1992, the Lechang government expressed to him the idea of inviting him to return to his hometown to see, but the trip has always been done. In May 1998, Xue Yue died of illness in Taiwan at the age of 102.
Xue Yue's life, from the beginning of the Northern Expedition to the peak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, can be said to be 300 hundred victories, but in the later civil war, he was repeatedly defeated, because the grade of the opponent in the early stage was too low, or because the opponent's file was too high in the later stage. Or is it that Xue Yue is a person who can't work in the later stage? After all, in the early days, he still had contact with the Party Central Committee and helped the workers in the armed uprising, but he fled to Taiwan, did not stay in China, and did not return.