In August 1927, in accordance with the spirit of the "Eighty-Seven Conference", the Hunan Provincial Party Committee decided to establish a committee of former enemies, with Comrade Zedong as secretary, to direct the uprising in Xianggan, east of Changsha. In September of the same year, the chairman held a military conference in Zhangjiawan, Anyuan, Jiangxi, to discuss the specific arrangements for the autumn harvest uprising. At the meeting, it was decided that the 1st Jiangxi Provincial Defense Provisional Division would be the backbone of the uprising, the 1st Division of the 1st Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, Lu Deming would be the commander-in-chief of the rebel army, Han Jun would be the deputy commander-in-chief, Yu Shandu would be the commander of the 1st Division, and Yu Benmin would be the deputy division commander, and 4 regiments would be under its jurisdiction to participate in the Xianggan Border Autumn Harvest Uprising.
Next, Lao Ding will tell everyone who are these 4 regiment leaders? What happened next?
The 1st Regiment was mainly composed of the Guard Regiment of the Former Second Front Of the Fourth Army and the Hubei Chongyang and Tongcheng Peasant Self-Defense Army and the Pingjiang Peasant Armed Forces, and the regimental commander was Zhong Wenzhang.
Zhong Wenzhang, a native of Yiyang, Hunan, was born in 1903, graduated from Huangpu Phase 2, and participated in the First and Second Eastern Expeditions and the Northern Expedition, and was promoted from platoon commander to company commander. In 1927, the Second Front formed a guard regiment, and Zhong Wenzhang was transferred to the company commander of the guard regiment, and soon promoted to the commander of the 2nd Battalion. Due to the unsuccessful participation in the Nanchang Uprising, the troops repaired water and reorganized into the Provisional 1st Division of the Jiangxi Provincial Defense Army, and Zhong Wenzhang was promoted to the chief of staff of the division and the commander of the 1st Regiment.
Before the Xiangganbian Autumn Harvest Uprising, it was reorganized into the 1st Division of the 1st Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, and Zhong Wenzhang was still the commander of the 1st Division and the 1st Regiment. After the autumn harvest uprising broke out, Zhong Wenzhang, according to the deployment of the 23rd Battalion of the 1st Regiment, marched from Xiushui to Pingjiang as the first echelon, and the next day he laid down the Zhuxi Factory and the Longmen Factory in Pingjiang. On the third day, just as Zhong Wenzhang's 1st Regiment was confidently marching toward Changshou Street in Jiangxi, while passing through Jinping, it was ambushed by the rebels (the 4th Regiment of the 1st Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army) Qiu Guoxuan' unit. After Zhong Wenzhang's two battalions were ambushed by Qiu Guoxuan, only more than 200 people remained.
In the face of such a tragic situation, Zhong Wenzhang felt that he had no face and no light, and he could not face his superiors, so he took off his military uniform and fled back to his hometown, the outcome of which is unknown. Later, General Tan Zheng, who was then serving as a clerk in the 1st Regiment, said with a sigh that if Commander Zhong did not take off his military uniform and escape, he would now be at least at the level of a marshal.
The 2nd Regiment was mainly composed of an Anyuan workers' picket, an Anyuan mine police force, and some peasant self-defense forces in Liling, Pingxiang, Lianhua, Yongxin, Anfu and other counties, and the regimental commander was Wang Xinya.
Wang Xinya was a native of Hubei (some say he was from Hunan), studied at the 3rd Phase of the Second Army Officer School in his early years (4th phase of The Huangpu Period), and after graduation, he served as a battalion-level officer of the 6th Division of the 2nd Army of the National Revolutionary Army (Division Commander Dai Yue, Party Representative Xiao Jinguang) 16th Regiment (Deputy Division Commander Zhu Yaohua and Regiment Commander), and participated in the Northern Expedition. Later, he served as the military minister of the Anfu County CPC Committee and the captain of the Anfu Peasant Self-Defense Army, and was a brother with Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo of Jinggangshan in the early days.
In September 1927, he attended the Zhangjiawan Conference convened by the chairman, at which he suggested that if the uprising failed, he could retreat to Jinggangshan.
After the outbreak of the Xiangganbian Autumn Harvest Uprising, After Wang Xinya led his troops to capture Liuyang County on September 15, 1927, due to his carelessness and lightness of the enemy, he was attacked by the enemy on the afternoon of the third day, and the troops fled after the rout, and the leader of the 2nd Regiment, Wang Xinya, like zhong Wenzhang, the commander of the 1st Regiment, has since disappeared and does not know whether he is alive or dead.
The 3rd Regiment consisted mainly of a battalion of the Liuyang Workers' and Peasants' Volunteer Brigade and the Wuhan Nationalist Government Guard Regiment, and its regimental commander was Su Xianjun.
Su Xianjun was a native of Liuyang, Hunan, graduated from Huangpu Phase 4, participated in the Northern Expedition, and served as a company commander of the Northern Expeditionary Army. After the Northern Expedition, he served as the captain of the Liuyang County Workers' and Peasants' Volunteer Brigade.
Before the autumn harvest uprising broke out, Su Xianjun was appointed as the commander of the 3rd Regiment of the 1st Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, and led his troops to participate in the autumn harvest uprising in Xianggan province. However, after the autumn harvest uprising, due to disagreements with the chairman and most of the rebel generals on the issue of the future direction of the rebel army; in particular, during the "Three Bays Reorganization," the contingent was downsized from a division to a regiment, and his position was also demoted from regimental commander to battalion commander, and there was also resistance in his heart; more importantly, in the future, the contingent would go to the Jinggang Mountains, where life was difficult and unwilling to go to Jinggangshan to carry out guerrilla warfare, so they chose to leave the army and go to Yuezhou to serve as the military director of the Xiang'egan Special Committee.
In March 1928, Su Xianjun was arrested by Kuomintang agents in Changsha, and immediately turned himself in and became an enemy of our party. He later served as a senator of the Kuomintang Hunan Qingxiang Headquarters and the head of the Court of the Communist Party of China. In July 1930, after the Red Third Army led by Mr. Peng captured Changsha, Su Xianjun was captured, and on August 2, he was executed after a public trial, and ended up with such a terrible fate.
The 4th Regiment was formed by a group of reorganized bandits, led by Qiu Guoxuan.
Qiu Guoxuan was a native of Guizhou, who had devoted himself to the Qian Army in his early years, was subordinate to Wang Tianpei's 10th Army, and was the commander of the 3rd Regiment of the 28th Division of the 10th Army during the Northern Expedition, and was highly valued by Wang Tianpei. Later, Wang Tianpei lost Xuzhou and was unjustly killed, and Qiu Guoxuan broke away from the 10th Army and went to Xiushui at the junction of the three provinces of Xiang'e and Gansu to start a bandit business of robbing his family and robbing houses.
After the outbreak of the Nanchang Uprising, Yu Shandu led Lu Deming's guard regiment to Xiushui, and the two sides fought, the result of which is predictable, Qiu Guoxuan had to surrender to Yu Shandu and became the leader of the 4th Regiment.
After all, the bandits are bandits, especially when they were reorganized, this bandit armed force was not properly reorganized, although it was renamed, but in essence it was still a bandit.
On the third day after the autumn harvest uprising broke out, Qiu Guoxuan's 4th Regiment, in order to grab the spoils of war, actually launched a rear attack on Zhong Wenzhang's 1st Regiment and completely dispersed the 1st Regiment. The results were very serious, first, it can be said that Qiu Guoxuan was the main reason for the failure of the Autumn Harvest Uprising; second, it caused Zhong Wenzhang, the commander of the 1st Regiment, to face the "Father and Elder of Jiangdong" without face and was forced to choose to evaporate in the human world; third, he was also one of the reasons that led to the sacrifice of Lu Deming, the commander-in-chief of the rebel army, and our army lost a heroic and good general.
Qiu Guoxuan knew that he had run into a catastrophe, so he returned to the Pingjiang area and resumed his old business as a bandit who relied on fighting and robbing houses. In February 1928, Qiu Guoxuan was captured by a guerrilla squad led by Fu Qiutao, the later founding general of the Ping (Jiang) Xiang (Yin) Yue (Yang) Guerrilla Corps of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, and was executed after a public trial meeting.
The above mentioned is that the four regimental commanders who participated in the autumn harvest uprising in Xianggan province at that time disappeared and two defected, and it was precisely the lack of sufficient confidence in the revolution among the principal officers of the army, so soon after, the far-sighted chairman presided over the "Three Bays Reorganization", which guaranteed the party's absolute leadership over the army politically and organizationally, thus ensuring the victorious progress of the Chinese revolution.