Recently, with the arrival of strong cold air, staying indoors to keep warm has become a daily routine in winter. It just so happens that the flu virus prefers to "haunt" in the low temperature weather of autumn and winter.
Xiaohua (pseudonym), who lives in Changsha, recently suddenly had fever and abdominal pain, went to the Pediatric Department of the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province (Hunan Provincial Brain Hospital), and through a series of examinations and test results, combined with clinical manifestations, it was confirmed that 5-year-old Xiaohua suffered from (type A) influenza. Because the flu is contagious, in order to avoid the 2-year-old brother in the family from being recruited, Xiaohua's family chose to let him be hospitalized and isolated.
Xue Yinan, chief physician of the Department of Pediatrics of the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, introduced: Influenza (referred to as influenza) is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza virus, and it is also a highly contagious disease with fast transmission speed.
What are the symptoms of the flu?
Symptoms of influenza can be summarized as: acute onset of high fever, generalized pain, significant fatigue, and mild respiratory symptoms. Specific manifestations are:
Typical influenza onset is acute, with an incubation period of several hours to 4 days, generally 1-2 days;
High fever, body temperature up to 39-40 ° C, accompanied by chills, generally lasting 2-3 days;
Severe symptoms of systemic intoxication, such as fatigue, headache, dizziness, and general aches;
Prolonged duration, symptoms such as fatigue after normal body temperature can last for 1-2 weeks;
Respiratory tract symptoms are mild, often have sore throat, a few have nasal congestion, runny nose, etc.;
A few have nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, abdominal pain, etc.;
A small number of patients present with gastrointestinal symptoms as the predominant manifestation.
Influenza is high in autumn and winter, and the complications caused by it are very serious and can even lead to death. Some elderly people, infants and young children, and people with cardiopulmonary disease can also develop pneumonia after suffering from influenza.
Recently, there has been an upward trend in influenza infections, especially among school-age children aged 6-10 years. This has a lot to do with the transmission route of influenza, so in order to avoid the epidemic of influenza and keep the general public away from influenza, personal protection is particularly important. Influenza viruses are mainly transmitted through airborne and contact transmission, that is, through airborne droplets, human-to-human contact, or contact with contaminated products. The most important point of invasion for both routes of transmission is in the nasal cavity, where influenza viruses enter the nasal cavity when they come into contact with air or contaminated objects and hands. Therefore, at the beginning of the disease, the diagnosis of pathogenic microbial infection is determined by collecting secretions from the nasopharynx.
Measures to prevent influenza:
1, even in the air-conditioned room, the room should often open the window ventilation, keep the air fresh, usually go to crowded public places less, to avoid cross infection.
2. Children with influenza should be actively treated, wash their hands frequently, wear masks, do a good job of cough etiquette, and avoid human-to-human transmission. If necessary, suspend classes at home or seek medical isolation treatment.
3. Usually strengthen outdoor physical exercise to improve the body's ability to resist diseases. Special attention is paid to timely treatment of frail and sick children to prevent other complications caused by influenza.
4, autumn and winter climate changeable, pay attention to adding or subtracting clothes, always do a good job of cold and warm measures.
5, usually drink more warm boiled water, eat more light and nutritious food, eat more and less processing, easy to digest, non-fried diet.
6. Due to the variability of the influenza virus, it is recommended to inject the influenza vaccine dosage form launched by the disease control department every year to reduce the occurrence of severe influenza.
7. After suffering from influenza, pay attention to bed rest and supplement appropriate water. Masks must be worn, isolated, and contagious to avoid infecting others. If there is a recurrence of bacterial infection, antibiotics should be used as appropriate as directed by a physician.
Contributed by: Liu Liling, Department of Pediatrics, Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province
Editor: Liu Yuchen
Image: From the Internet, intrusion and deletion