In June 1951, the Chinese Volunteer Army launched its fifth campaign on the Korean battlefield. The early stage of the fifth campaign was very good, but in the later stage, due to ammunition exhaustion, command errors and other reasons, the units of the Volunteer Army suffered a crazy counterattack from the main force of the American Army, and the losses were very large, and the number of captured 180 divisions of the 60th Army was as high as more than 7,000 people, in this case, the Volunteer Army headquarters had to order the 63rd Army to block the crazy counterattack of the main force of the coalition army in Tieyuan.
At the end of the Fifth Campaign, the United Nations Army organized 4 corps and 13 divisions to form mechanized corps mainly tanks and armored vehicles to counterattack the volunteer units. The volunteers underestimated the mechanized superiority of the American army, so they were panicked during the retreat, and a huge gap of 25 kilometers wide and 20 kilometers deep appeared in the middle of the volunteer front, that is, in the Tieyuan area. In order to plug this gap, the Volunteer Army Command ordered Fu Chongbi's 63rd Army to block the main force of the coalition forces here.
On June 1, 1951, the coalition forces first attacked the positions of the 187th Division of the 63rd Army, but due to terrain reasons, they were frustrated and randomly began to attack the positions of the 189th Division, which was more moderate. In order to block the American army, the 189th Division divided the entire division into more than 200 defensive detachments, and each unit dug tunnels to resist the main American and British forces. On 3 June, the 189th Division had one regiment and two battalions of men, totaling 4,500 men, but on 4 June, the 189th Division's command post was destroyed by torrential rains, causing heavy losses and the remaining 2,800 men were organized into a regiment as a reserve.
After the 188th Division took over the positions of the 189th Division, it grasped the repair of the fortifications, and when the unit withdrew, only more than 3,000 people were left. When the 187th Division went up, the position had been hit by American shells, and it was impossible to block the enemy. In this case, Xu Xin, commander of the 187th Division, requested the use of only artillery regiment and a rocket artillery battalion in the army to oppose a large-scale counterattack against the enemy.
At the end of the Fifth Campaign, the U.S. army had not been counterattacked by volunteer artillery for a long time, so there was no defense in this regard. The volunteer artillery fire caused a great deal of panic to the Americans, and then the commandos of the 187th Division immediately rushed to the American positions, and the commandos threw grenades into the remaining American tents, which caused the American and British troops to withdraw for 30 miles in a row, and many people ran out without even wearing clothes.
The volunteer army's counterattack did make the troops capture a lot, and Xu Xin was also addicted, asking the military department to give him a supplementary source of troops to continue fighting. Fu Chongbi said to him, "Xu Xin, you see how I go with you." Xu Xin could only give up after listening. The counterattack of the 187th Division put the American army on hold and relieved the volunteer troops, and the 63rd Army annihilated 15,000 enemy troops, but also suffered more than 20,000 casualties, and the total strength of the troops was 10,000 from 30,000 before entering the DPRK.