Since the opium war in modern times, due to the fact that it once lagged behind the forest of the world, was invaded and plundered by the great powers, coupled with the "help" of cultural relics dealers such as Lu Qinzhai, many precious cultural relics in China have been lost overseas and are difficult to recover, such as the second of the "Zhaoling Liujun", the "Fist and Hair" of the second, the facsimile of the "Female History Zhentu" created by Gu Kaizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the facsimile of the "Liedi Tu" created by Yan Liben of the Tang Dynasty...
These cultural relics carry a heavy history that the Chinese people cannot forget, and what is even more difficult to accept is that some national treasure-level cultural relics have been damaged because foreigners do not know how to keep them, and the precious "Female History Proverbs" has been cut off by the waist! Whenever such a thing is mentioned, it will touch the pain in the hearts of the Chinese people, if the cultural relics can speak, perhaps they will also send a sigh of "hometown tonight thinking of thousands of miles, frost sideburns Ming Dynasty another year".
But then again, many people mistakenly think that only Chinese cultural relics are "alone in a foreign land", in fact, China also collects some foreign national treasure-level cultural relics, but these cultural relics are rarely reported, so they are not so well known. Today, the author will introduce you to the origin of 3 of these foreign national treasure-level cultural relics.
The first: the national treasure of the Soviet Union, "Lenin proclaims the establishment of Soviet power"
Lenin's Proclamation of Soviet Power is a classic oil painting by Vladimir Alexelovich Serov (the name is really long, abbreviated as V. Sharov), a representative of the soviet realist school of painting, whose paintings are distinctive in style, rich in subject matter, drawn from reality, and have achieved success in portraits, landscapes and still lifes.
In 1947, V. Serov created this classic, which often appears in history textbooks, on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the October Revolution. 10 years later, the Soviet Union at that time gave it to our country as a national gift, this painting is full of composition, strong realism, and the content has extraordinary commemorative value.
And what is more special is that it is an absolute original version, which has not been modified for various reasons, as in the later textbook illustrations and stamp versions in the Soviet Union, and now "Lenin Announces the Establishment of Soviet Power" is in the collection of the National Museum of China.
The second piece: a British national treasure, a copper gilded writer's clock
In "Dream of the Red Chamber", Cao Xueqin wrote about the modern clock several times, Liu Grandma saw the Western self-chiming clock in Wang Xifeng's room, Jia Baoyu also carried a pocket watch, which shows that the Qing Dynasty nobles have a love of clocks and watches, this fashion naturally comes from the court, the Qianlong Emperor is a fanatical watch enthusiast, he likes to have ornamental, set time, chime, music, activity landscape and other multi-functional clocks.
So now most of the world's good court clocks are collected in China, this copper gilded writer's clock is one of them, it can be said to be a toy clock, the design is very exquisite, the so-called "writer clock", as the name suggests that the base of the bell has a Western gentleman-like robot, he has a brush in his hand stained with ink, after the winding is started, he will kneel on one knee in front of the small case in front of the "eight directions, nine earth to the king" 4 Chinese characters, so everyone can guess that this clock is specially made by British craftsmen for the Qing Palace.
The bronze gilded writer's bell was jointly designed and manufactured by Williamson and the Swiss automatic master Jacques Dro, showing a combination of east and west style, 231 cm high, in the style of a pavilion, the writing gentleman has 3 floors above, and the bell ringer on it will strike the bell bowl every 3 hours to chime the music, which is particularly interesting. It is conceivable that hundreds of years ago, when the Qing Dynasty had not completely declined, the emperor loved Western exquisite utensils, which led to the grand situation of more than 1500 clocks and watches collected by the Forbidden City today.
Third: Egyptian national treasure painted coffins, stele and rubbings
The experience of Egyptian painted coffins, stone tablets and rubbings "wandering" to China is similar to the situation in which some chinese cultural relics have gone overseas in modern times. This batch of cultural relics was flowed into China by the hands of the famous minister Duan Fang in the late Qing Dynasty, who had once served as the minister of Beiyang and the governor directly subordinate to him (like Li Hongzhang), who usually loved the collection of gold and stone antiques, and was the first person to collect foreign cultural relics in modern China.
In 1905, Duanfang was sent abroad to investigate, when Egypt's national strength was declining, many cultural relics were sold on the market, and at that time Egypt's awareness of the protection of cultural relics was not strong, Duanfang returned to China through Cairo, Egypt, after seeing these cultural relics from the 19th Dynasty of ancient Egypt, he was very interested, regardless of the doubts of the people around him, he paid money to buy it.
He even wrote the words "and the ancient queen stone carvings are really like Tuofengzi Zhuangren Brother Observation, DuanfangJi" on the ancient Egyptian rubbings, these precious Egyptian cultural relics that have been more than 3,000 years old have come to China with him, and after Duanfang was killed, the painted coffins and stone tablets avoided the fate of scattering in all directions like other collections, and are now hidden in the National Museum of China.
In fact, compared with the cultural relics of our country that have been exiled overseas, the value of these three cultural relics may not be comparable in the hearts of the Chinese people. However, since the opening of the Silk Road in the Han Dynasty, cultural relics such as Persian gilt gold and silver bottles, Eastern Roman gods and men's gilded gold and silver plates, And byzantine red onyx tiger handle gold cups and other cultural relics have flowed into China because of cultural exchanges, which are not the same thing as the crazy looting of modern powers.