Fang Shumei Tibetan Republic of China Scribes Codex Collection
Chen Yushi gave red bean poems
Author Zheng Yanyan Min Yanping Yunnan People's Publishing House
Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has stood at the strategic height of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, made a series of major decisions and deployments for inheriting and carrying forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture, and ushered in new development opportunities for the cause of ancient books. Recently, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Promoting the Work of Ancient Books in the New Era," which pointed out that doing a good job in the work of ancient books and protecting, inheriting, and developing the precious cultural heritage of the motherland is of great significance to continuing the Chinese cultural context, carrying forward the national spirit, enhancing the soft power of national culture, and building a socialist cultural power. It is necessary to deeply promote the creative transformation and innovative development of China's outstanding traditional culture, strengthen the rescue and protection of ancient books, sort out and research and publish and utilize them, promote the development of ancient books, and provide spiritual strength for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
The study, collation and publication of the codexes (letters) of predecessors are an important part of the work of ancient books. The former codex, also known as the ruler, the book, the Hanza, the letter, etc., because the writers are mostly literati doctors, so it is also widely known as the literati codex, the literati ruler. Many codexes, especially the letters of famous Confucians, literati and calligraphers of successive dynasties, have high ideological, literary, calligraphic and historical value, and provide unique materials for contemporary multidisciplinary research.
Admire the beauty of the Codex
Recently, the Yunnan People's Publishing House published the book "Fang Shumei's Collection of Scribes' Codex of the Republic of Tibet" compiled by Zhao Tianhua, which sorted out a number of letters, codexes, inscriptions, and other documents collected by Fang Shumei, a famous philologist and bibliophile in Yunnan, providing unique materials for studying the economy, society, history, culture, and art of this period.
Fang Shumei (1881~1967), zi Xian Xian, trumpet Master Zhai, Xue Zen, Dian, Mei Jushi, PanlongShan people, Hongdou Old Man, etc., Yunnan Jinning people. He served as an editor in the Yunnan Daily, Yunnan Tongzhiguan, yunnan series of books during the Republic of China period, and was a professor of cultural history at Yunnan University. After the founding of new China, he served as a librarian of the Yunnan Museum of Culture and History. Fang Shumei made important contributions to the collection of books related to Yunnan and the collection of local literature in Yunnan. Between 1933 and 1934, he raised funds to travel north to visit the twelve provinces, searched for a large number of Yunnan literature, and gained a lot of harvests, met scribes from all over the world, exchanged letters with each other, and left a large number of codexes. Fang Shumei Jinning's home has the "Xueshan Lou", which is his collection of books, with a collection of more than 30,000 volumes, compiling a large number of local documents in Yunnan, and systematically sorting them out and binding them into books. He has edited a total of 36 kinds of works in the past few decades, such as: "Bibliography of Modern Dianren Writings", "Collection of Monuments of Southern Yunnan", "Records of Calligraphy and Paintings of Southern Yunnan", "Chronicles of Jinning County", "Copies of Poems of Youdian in Past Dynasties", "Small Records of Camellia Flowers in Southern Yunnan", "Chronicles of Xiangxian", "Annals of Qiannan Garden", "Records of DianWen Series", etc., which were compiled into the "Panlongshan People Series". He also compiled the articles he wrote in his life into 10 volumes of the Xueshan Lou Anthology. In his later years, Fang Shumei framed and sorted out a number of modern codexes in his collection, and carefully stored them in the form of a book in the form of a book, so that most of these precious systematic collections have been handed down to the present day, and were recently published by the Yunnan People's Publishing House and displayed in the form of books in front of the world.
Chen Minggong titled Red Bean Poem
In the "Collection of Scribes' Codex of the Republic of China of Fang Shumei", it can be clearly seen that Mr. Fang has classified the fascicles and inscriptions of the Handzha, such as the cover title of the poem album donated by the Northern Journey to Yunnan Literature Teachers: "Yu Beiyou Searches for Yunnan Literature, Chen Xuzhai, Zhou Yi'an, You Ding'an, Yuan Shupu, Zhao Taofu, Xiao Shizhai, Song Jingcheng, Wang Menghuai, Miao Ji'an, He Xiaoquan, Guo Weizhou, teachers and friends of the poem Zhuang Zhuang, Wang Baosu and Guo Lichu are attached to the poems of Wang Baosu and Guo Lichu. The text is stamped with the seal of "Fang Zhenxian", and the word "Shiwu" is in the lower left corner of the cover, which seems to be the album number. On the basis of Fang Shumei's collation, in order to facilitate research, when Zhao Tianhua compiled the "Collection of Scribes' Codex of the FangShumei Tibetan Republic of China," he classified and sorted out the book according to the number of English letters, and divided the whole book into four parts: First, the original album of the scribes from inside and outside the province to Fang Shumei, the second is the original album of qing dynasty sages and calligraphy collected by Fang Shumei, the third is the original stone carved album collected by Fang Shumei, and the fourth is all kinds of manuscripts.
Fang Shumei participated in many cultural activities in Yunnan during the Republic of China period, traveled extensively, had rich experience, and had a deep calligraphy level and writing skills with its communicators, so "Fang Shumei Tibetan Republic of China Scribes' Codex Collection" has high documentary value, historical value, artistic value, cultural relics value and collection value, and also has important research value for the cultural history and academic history of modern Yunnan. The book contains more than 500 codexes of 169 scribes, including domestic sages such as Ma Yifu, Gu Jiegang, Zhu Shiru, Liu Wendian, Liu Yizheng, Jiang Liangfu, Cai Zhefu, Ding Huai, Li Gen, Yuan Jiagu, and Chu Tunan, most of which were published for the first time.
The book "Fang Shumei Tibetan Republic of China Scribes' Codex Collection" combines color photocopying and recording of letters to convey visual beauty at the same time as reflecting the value of literature in a three-dimensional and comprehensive manner. In addition, on the basis of the combination of pictures and texts, there are also the introduction of the life of the letter writer, the interpretation and extension of the background of the codex writing, so that readers can understand the content, enhance the interest of reading, and expand the application space in academic research when examining.
The style of the scribe
Scribe celebrity, artistic masterpiece. It can be seen from the "Fang Shumei Collection of Scribes of the Republic of China" that Fang Shumei had extensive contacts with cultural circles during the Republic of China period. The circle of scribes he interacted with, tentatively known as the "Mei scribe circle", was born in the late Qing Dynasty and experienced profound changes in Chinese society since modern times. Some of them are full of self-cultivation, take the Qi family to govern the country and the world as their own responsibility, actively participate in social practice or write books and lectures to enrich the minds of the people of the world; some of them have obtained meritorious names in the late Qing Dynasty, faithfully guarded traditional culture, and constantly sublimated in the impact and baptism of foreign ideological trends; some have the foundation of traditional Sinology, and have also studied abroad at public expense or at their own expense, becoming new scribes integrating Chinese and Western cultures. Judging from the professional or academic fields of these codex authors, the "Mei Scribe Circle" involves politics, education, history, collecting, fine arts, music, poetry, thought, Buddhism, etc. In today's view, these codexes of the "Mei Scribe Circle" are a piece of art masterpiece. Whether it is the "Rongbao Zhai system" and "Hanfen Lou system" and other high-grade color map letterheads and poems that were popular at that time, as well as the self-made art notes of the literati and scholars, or a variety of exquisite seal engraving seals and free writing and ink, it will undoubtedly make readers appreciate the strong charm of traditional Chinese art in this batch of codexes.
Yiwen will meet friends, ya rhymes. All kinds of honorifics and humble words in the "Fang Shumei Tibetan Republic of China Scribe Codex Collection" run through the lines of the letters, so that this batch of codexes as a whole presents the characteristics of humility and courtesy, coupled with the rich literary and diverse expressions of the scribes, etc., the rhetoric is rich, so that this book has a certain research value in linguistics, and it is summarized and sorted out, which is helpful for today's people to understand the traditional communicative culture of epistles. It is worth mentioning that in this book, in addition to receiving the codexes of teachers and friends in her daily interactions, Fang Shumei also launched a poem collection many times, using poetry to meet friends and collect poetry codexes. For example, the letter asked Lingnan Cai Zhefu and Tan Yueshi to compose a long volume of "Meilin Seeking Sentence Diagram", and obtained poems inscribed by teachers and friends; Fang Shumei traveled to the north, and the teachers and friends in Yunnan gave him poems; built Xueshan Lou, solicited poems to help xing, and compiled the poems as "Xueshan Lou Inscriptions"; gave away the red beans produced in Zhijiaodian, composed four poems and wrote "Red Bean Examination" and "Red Bean Fu", collected poems, and collected more than 230 poems, becoming "Yunnan Red Bean Collection", leaving a good story in the literary world. From the singing and singing of these poems, we can see the general development achievements of Yunnan and even Chinese poetics at that time, especially reflecting the level of poetry creation in Yunnan at that time.
Yuan Jiagu title "Merlin Seeking Sentence Diagram"
The paper is fragrant and ink flying, and the words are like a meeting. Most of the codexes hidden by Fang Shumei are from the hands of celebrities, most of them have high calligraphy attainments, except for those famous calligraphers who have more inkblots, most celebrities' handwriting is not common. From the codex they left behind, you can not only see the hands of the predecessors, but also admire their artistic achievements in calligraphy. The codex is the embodiment of "unintentional is good", because it is mostly written to relatives and friends, and in a relaxed state of mind, the mood and handwriting are integrated. In the book "Fang Shumei Tibetan Republic of China Scribes' Codex Collection", the beginning and end of the codex, the ups and downs of the writing, the dense contrast and other chapters jump on the paper, the lishu, cursive, calligraphy, etc. vary from person to person, but they are often mixed in the same codex. For example, Yuan Jiagu, a cultural celebrity in Yunnan, his calligraphy comes from Yan Liugong and collects money from Nanyuan and other styles, and his calligraphy characteristics of becoming a family of his own, using a sharp pen and winning with a beautiful show are even more vivid and free in the codex written to Fang Shumei.
True feelings are revealed, ideas collide. Through the codex collected in the "Fang Shumei Tibetan Republic of China Scribe Codex Collection", you can glimpse the details of the life of the scribes at that time, and the pen and ink lines are like a beating pulse, expressing their sentiments, demeanor, knowledge, and their attitudes towards current affairs. When today's readers appreciate these codexes, they will naturally bring the experiences, thoughts, and personalities of their predecessors into them. Carefully tasting a codex, only a few words, long and short words, the true feelings are revealed, which helps the reader to understand the life and ideological conditions of the scribes in that period from a more level. For example, through these codexes, you will see a "anti-Japanese county magistrate" Zhang Wende who is like ordinary people, an ordinary reader who pours out his heart to his friends, and he also has the joys and sorrows of ordinary people: complaining about the bitterness of being plagued by diseases in "two-legged puffiness", telling about helplessness after being destroyed by war and chaos in "the family is completely destroyed, there is no home", and confessing the loss after Chen Gongcheng in "if you are relieved of your burden and your mood is rough"... The revelation of these personal feelings did not affect the image of Zhang Wende, a national hero, in the slightest, but on the contrary, made him more humane, and today it is even warmer to read the anti-Japanese deeds of this well-known "anti-Japanese county magistrate" in the country.