Spring, summer, autumn and winter, the four seasons are a year, "spring and autumn", which is the romance of people in the Spring and Autumn period.
The Zhou Dynasty was divided into Eastern and Western Zhou, Western Zhou Early, Eastern Zhou Late, and Eastern Zhou, but it was an era when the princes intensified their struggle and accelerated the tearing of their faces, and it was also at this time that the Eastern Zhou Dynasty could be divided into two stages, with the "Three Families Dividing the Jin" as the dividing line, before the "Spring and Autumn" era, and then the "Warring States" era.
The so-called "Spring and Autumn" is said to come from the history book "Spring and Autumn" written by Lu Guo.
At that time, there were not too many "date" divisions in the human world, and unlike the precise time when the later history books were specific to the "thirteenth day of July", the historians of the Lu State liked to talk about spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Or maybe they just like to write about things that they subjectively think should be recorded.
It is not detailed, but it has written down the landmark events, a certain spring, a certain summer, or a certain winter, after the Lu people have written this book, they are complacent, they always have to give a name, since they all write the story of these two hundred years in the four seasons of the world, then take the name of "Spring and Autumn".
The vicissitudes of the world, the changes of rivers, the changes of the sun and the moon, but spring and autumn.
During the Three Kingdoms period, Wei Zhao, a scholar and historian of the State of Wu, once wrote:
"In the case of time and time, it is said that the spring and autumn are the spring and autumn."
During the Western Jin Dynasty, Du Pre once said:
Therefore, the record of history must be the first thing in the year, and when there are four years, it is mistakenly named.
Therefore, "Spring and Autumn" is a chronology, a romantic view of history.
However, Spring and Autumn is not "Spring and Autumn", before Confucius, Spring and Autumn is just some historical officials scattered words, anyway, there are everything, there are many statements and opinions on one thing, in order to integrate these things into a system, that is, to introduce an "authoritative" standard, Confucius then compiled and improved, which was the book "Spring and Autumn".
"Spring and Autumn" has a very high status, before this history book was formed, China did not have a "chronicle" of history books, and it can even be said that the emergence of "Spring and Autumn" is an enlightenment, a supplement to the "Law of Zhou History", and the history books of later generations are an extension of "Spring and Autumn".
However, if the "Spring and Autumn" of the State of Lu is used as the Spring and Autumn of the whole world, it is inevitable that it is a bit of a big trust, because the State of Lu is not suppressing the world and shocking the existence of Zhou Tianzi, and since there is no corresponding strength, the "Spring and Autumn" of the State of Lu is not enough to make this era called "Spring and Autumn".
The reason why this era is called the "Spring and Autumn Period" is because the "history" of various countries in this period is called "Spring and Autumn".
Spring and Autumn is not unique to the State of Lu, the State of Qi, the State of Chu, the State of Zhao, the State of Qin and other countries are all human beings, and all have four seasons.
The Zhou Dynasty Tianzi generally had a law, requiring the historians of each country to "revise history", whether the purpose of this history was sent to Wang Qi for Tianzi to read, or to leave a fire and spread it to future generations, the specific purpose is unknown, but the Zhou Dynasty has "history" requirements for all countries, that is, the "law of Zhou history" mentioned above.
In "Mozi", it has been mentioned many times that "spring and autumn in various countries":
"In the Spring and Autumn of the Week"
"In the Spring and Autumn of Yan"
"In the Spring and Autumn of the Song Dynasty"
"In the Spring and Autumn of Qi"
Perhaps at that time, their "history books" were not called Spring and Autumn, but under the change of history, most of the history books were destroyed, and some of them disappeared, and the Spring and Autumn Period was gone, so posterity used Confucius's "Spring and Autumn" to refer to the history books of various countries in the Spring and Autumn Period, and each country had its own Spring and Autumn.
Lu Guo's "Spring and Autumn" to the Han Dynasty, became the only survivor, in fact, "Spring and Autumn" may not be the first chronicle history book, but "Spring and Autumn", is indeed the only one that can be traced, the earliest chronicle history book, perhaps he had before, but can not find, there is no evidence, so "Spring and Autumn" is the first.
Regarding the "Spring and Autumn", it can be traced back to "Oracle" earlier.
In some of the "oracle bones" of the ancients, it was found that people at that time called a year "spring", they thought that a year was just "spring", so they called a year "spring", thinking that spring was a year.
Autumn, on the other hand, is traced back to the shang dynasty's "Wuding" sacrifice, when the Shang chao rulers believed that the year was "autumn" and called the year autumn.
Therefore, in the Zhou Dynasty, the views of the previous era were collected, and the Spring and Autumn period was synthesized, and the "Chronology" was called the Spring and Autumn Period, and the Spring and Autumn Period was more a reference to the years of the deceased, a kind of emotion, and when it came to writing, it became a synonym for the history books.
In the Han Dynasty, Lu Guo's "Spring and Autumn" was of a very high status because it was a "survivor", and it was regarded as the most splendid Chinese chapter in ancient times, "Spring and Autumn" was included in the "Five Classics", And Confucians regarded this book as a god, and every great talent must also read "Spring and Autumn", otherwise they were not sure about the past and the future.
In the Spring and Autumn period of the State of Lu, from the year of Lu Yin in 722 BC to the year 481 BC of the fourteenth year of the Duke of Lu' reign, there are many stories of the rulers of the State of Lu in the span of more than two hundred years, along with them, there are also stories of contemporaneous and other countries in the same timeline.
So the Han people read history, they read "Spring and Autumn" deeply, Sima Qian is even more so, Sima Qian's praise for "Spring and Autumn" is very high, because at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Zuo Qiuming compiled "Zuo Chuan", this book is also known as "Zuo Shi Chunqiu", the essence is the expansion of "Spring and Autumn", Sima Qian's history, by these two books are quite influential.
With the change of the times, the more Confucians, everyone found that the Spring and Autumn period is very important, and some "Spring and Autumn" have been lost, since in that era, every country began to consciously record history, whether it is systematic or not systematic, this collective behavior, let the Chinese nation enter the "chronicle" era.
Therefore, it is called that era the "Spring and Autumn Period".
Therefore, the "Spring and Autumn Era" is both "Spring and Autumn", but also a general term for the change of the ancient people's concept of history in that era, they know spring, summer, autumn and winter, but they are not stingy with feelings, limited to the senses of the eyeballs, they recorded it, this is the beginning of a civilization, which is why it is said that this is the romance of the literati.
The Spring and Autumn Period was the last romance before the chaos of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, originally speaking, the Zhou Dynasty had already been divided by princes very early, and the Central Plains actually began to split, but because of history, countries could still form entanglements, and in terms of territorial contradictions, it was not so big, so the atmosphere at that time was still good.
The "end" of the Spring and Autumn Period began with "three families divided into jin".
The three families were divided into Jin, and the powerful Jin state finally collapsed in the internal struggle for power and profit, if it was a powerful king, it might be possible to carry out imperial heart techniques, but unfortunately, the three families were too strong, and finally had to let King Zhou Weilie seal the three families of Zhao, Wei, and Han as princes, and these three families were strong.
Because they are very strong, the separation of families is only a temporary measure, in fact, everyone wants to annex each other, and in 376 BC, the monarch of the Jin state was deposed, the Jin state was officially destroyed, this scene about the death of the overlord of the princely state world, so that the bloody taste of the Central Plains land rendering, everyone saw the possibility of the death of the overlord, the war resumed.
Since the war, that is the "Warring States", the Warring States Seven Heroes established, the countries began a different transformation from the romantic Spring and Autumn Period, the change of law, the strengthening of the army, the recovery of the economy, this is the Zhou Dynasty because of the "preparation" and led to the development of the whole society, of course, the main theme is still to open the way for war.
Spring and Autumn is far away, Zhou Li has actually died, at this time the Seven Kingdoms are still writing their own history, but the text has been "divided", the language factions of various countries are different, can no longer understand each other's Spring and Autumn, the Warring States at this time, has a bit of a "split" meaning, no longer over, is the collapse of national nature.
Therefore, after the Qin state unified the world, the books were on the same text and the same track as the car, but qin shi huang, while doing these things, repelled many ideological factions, burned books, pit Confucianism, and most importantly, in the books that were burned, there were many "Spring and Autumn" history books of various countries in the Spring and Autumn Period.
This overcorrection method made the Spring and Autumn Period a "big fog", and many things could not be solved, and the second time the "Spring and Autumn" history books were hit hard, it was Xiang Yu who later burned Guanzhong and burned a large number of historical classics, and by the Time of the Han Dynasty, Spring and Autumn had become a lonely past.
Therefore, people miss that era, watch "Spring and Autumn", read Spring and Autumn, and call it Spring and Autumn.