Colorectal cancer is the most high-incidence of digestive system malignancy in China, and the number of newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients reaches more than 500,000 every year!
In all colorectal cancer patients, more than 2/3 of them have rectal cancer, which is the most high incidence of colorectal cancer, referring to the cancerous transformation of the intestine from the edge up to the 15 cm segment.
Many people are surrounded by the Chinese concept of cancer, believing that whether they are treated or not after cancer, the result is only two words "death". As everyone knows, cancer is not necessarily equal to death, there are multiple ways to treat rectal cancer in the clinic, and the prognosis of rectal cancer in the clinic is relatively good, early detection, active treatment of rectal cancer, the survival rate of patients within five years can reach about 90%!
So the question is, what are the clinical treatment methods for rectal cancer?
1. Radical surgery
Surgery is the preferred treatment for rectal cancer, which is divided into two types: palliative and radical, and radical surgery includes three categories, namely transabdominal perineal combined resection, transabdominal position resection and extraperitoneal primary anastomosis surgery, and rectal cancer resection that preserves the sphincter.
The former two are suitable for cancerous lesions that are less than 7 cm from the anus and more than 12 cm from the margin, while the latter is suitable for early-stage rectal cancer 7-11 cm from the margin.
According to the current clinical data, the transabdominal perineum combined resection surgery is the most thorough treatment method, and the clinical cure rate is relatively high;
2. Palliative surgery
If the patient's local infiltration of the cancer has reached a serious stage, or the cancer cells have already begun to metastasize widely with the lymphatic system and blood circulation, they cannot be cured, but the patient has combined with intestinal obstruction.
In order to alleviate the symptoms of obstruction and reduce the pain of patients, palliative resection is often used clinically. That is, the cancerous intestine is limitedly removed so that the quality of life of the patient can be improved;
3. Radiation therapy
The so-called radiation therapy refers to the use of free radiation as a way of treatment. Under the action of free radiation, the energy it produces can destroy the chromosomes of the cells, so that the cells stop growing, thus eliminating the rapidly dividing and proliferating and growing cancer cells.
Radiation therapy plays an important role in the treatment of rectal cancer, and patients with low- and middle-grade rectal cancer who are late in the bureau stage and then undergo surgery after preoperative synchronous radiotherapy are much longer than the survival period of postoperative re-radiation therapy;
4. Chemotherapy
Compared with surgery and radiation therapy, chemotherapy has an absolutely obvious advantage, it is a systemic treatment method, regardless of the patient's drug delivery channel, chemotherapy drugs can travel with the blood circulation through most of the organs and tissues of the body. If the patient's condition has entered the middle and advanced stages, even if surgery has been performed, chemotherapy is required.
Once the patient misses the best treatment time for surgery and has other organ metastases, chemotherapy is the necessary method. Patients who received chemotherapy had a longer survival period than those who abandoned treatment, and the prognosis was relatively good.
Written in the end: There are many treatment methods for rectal cancer, in addition to the above-mentioned, immunotherapy and targeted drugs can also be applied to the treatment of rectal cancer. As for how patients choose treatment methods, doctors need to consider comprehensively and finally formulate a comprehensive treatment plan. For rectal cancer patients, it is most important to actively cooperate with doctors for treatment.