Wei, Shu and Wu, which country has the most fans? Since the Northern Song Dynasty, this answer has been self-evident, that is, the Shu Han. Compared with the Kingdoms of Wei and Wu, the Shu Han was so special.
In fact, the State of Wei is no different from the ambitious warlords in Chinese history? They conquered, slaughtered, and squeezed the people to the point of usurping power, and finally blew themselves up in the ugly drama of power and profit.
Wu Guo is actually like the unambitious partial security regimes in Chinese history. They are self-defensive and capricious, and the regime is full of palace fights, which is really pickled and tight. Reading the history of the Wu Kingdom is really boring.
Among them, Shu Han was an exception, and this regime was full of idealistic Guan Hui from the beginning. Unlike the State of Wei and the State of Wu, the founders of Shu Han, Liu Bei, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun and others were all from the grassroots, and they traveled the whole country, repeatedly lost battles, and finally laid a foundation for the world. This regime is full of humanity, and almost never saw infighting like the Wei and Wu states.
When we read the history of the Shu Han Dynasty, it is like watching a romantic epic and legendary drama, which is a concentrated embodiment of the ancient Chinese virtue of benevolence, righteousness, and wisdom, and even if you go through five thousand years, it is difficult for you to find such a glorious humanity, romantic ideals, righteousness, and immortal spirit in the main history. Scholars pursue junchen yushui and Kuangfu Tiandao, and peddlers pursue brotherly righteousness, loyalty and patriotism, Chinese the three views of ethics from top to bottom have been shaped by the story of Shu Han.
In 263 AD, the Shu Han Dynasty collapsed, which was the end of a legend and the end of the classical Chinese spirit since the Warring States. And in this final scene, the descendants of the heroes of the Shu Han Dynasty also sang the final and tragic elegy for this unsavory regime.
Liu Bei's grandson, Liu Chen, the King of the Northern Lands
They all say heroes are good men. The great hero Liu Bei had a rough life and experienced countless defeats, but he survived with his indomitable will and eventually created hegemony. But sadly, Liu Chan surrendered to Deng Ai, who had smuggled yinping, while the main force of the Shu Han was still there.
Just at this moment, Liu Chan's son Liu Chen, the king of the Northern Lands, stood up and shouted angrily:
"If the reason is poor and weak, and the disaster will be defeated, then the father and the son and the king will fight with the city behind their backs, and die together with the society, so as to see the former emperor Keye."
In his view, even in the face of the last moment, it is not possible to surrender to the enemy, it is better for the father and son to fight a battle with the city, sacrifice the society with blood, and comfort the former emperor Liu Bei with heroism. But in the face of such a brave son, Liu Chan still chose to surrender.
In the end, Liu Chen resolutely took his wife and children and drew his sword at the Zhaolie Temple. In today's Wuhou Ancestral Hall, the throne of this brave prince is still enshrined. Only he deserves to be the son and grandson of the hero Liu Bei!
Zhuge Zhan and Zhuge Shang: Descendants of Kong Ming died in Sheji
Zhuge Liang was a model of classical loyalists, and his children and grandchildren were not to mention more. After Deng Ai smuggled into Yinping, Zhuge Zhan, who was then the general of Shu Han Wei, took over the command and took his son Zhuge Shang on this road of no return.
Unfortunately, Zhuge Zhan did not inherit his father's superior military talents, and eventually lost to Deng Ai at Mianzhu. Under the huge advantage, Deng Ai triumphantly said to Zhuge Zhan: "Surrender! I can keep you as the King of Langya! However, Zhuge Zhan did not hesitate to kill Deng Ai's emissaries, continued to fight with the enemy, and finally died on the battlefield.
After his father's death in battle, the Shu army was gone, and Zhuge Shang could completely surrender to Deng Ai and save his life. But he resolutely said: "Our father and son have received so many favors from the state, but they did not kill Huang Hao early, so that they failed miserably. So he turned and killed the enemy and died heroically.
In Mianzhu, the mausoleum of the father and son heroes is still there, named Zhuge Shuangzhong Ancestral Hall. Zhuge Zhan's father and son were loyal and filial, and they were martyred by their lives, and did not disgrace their ancestors.
Zhang Fei's grandson Zhang Zun
In the Battle of Mianzhu, Zhang Fei's grandson Zhang Zun was also martyred. Zhang Fei was a Shu Han general, an enemy of all men, and Liu Chan's father-in-law. His two daughters successively became Empress Liu Chan.
As Zhang Fei's grandson and uncle of the Tang Dynasty Shu Han, Zhang Zunyi, as a civilian official, joined the army without hesitation. When Zhuge Zhan's father and son were sacrificed, Zhang Zun led the army and committed suicide to break into the enemy camp, and finally died heroically. Although he did not have the strength of his grandfather's "ten thousand enemies", his courage was still not lost.
Huang Chong, son of Huang Quan
Huang Quan was a famous minister of the Shu Han Dynasty and a great strategist under Liu Bei. At the Battle of Yiling, Liu Bei was defeated by Lu Xun, and the army led by Huang Quan was isolated by the Wu army in northern Jiangbei and could not withdraw to the Shu state. In desperation, Huang Quan had to go north and surrender to the State of Wei.
When Emperor Wen of Wei asked Huang Quan, "Now that you have abandoned the dark and thrown in the light, are you just like Han Xin and Chen Ping back then?" Who knew that Huang Quan said unceremoniously: "I can't go back to the Shu Kingdom, and it is impossible to surrender to the Wu Kingdom, so I can only surrender you!" ”
Subsequently, Cao Pi deliberately spread rumors that Huang Quan's family had all been killed by Liu Bei. But Huang Quan said, "Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang are people who know each other, and they will not treat my family harshly!" ”
Sure enough, in Shu Han, the relevant departments were ready to arrest Huang Quan's family and pursue Huang Quan's crime of defecting to the enemy. But Liu Bei said: "It is I who bear the Yellow Power, not the Yellow Power that bears me!" Liu Bei not only pardoned Huang Quan's family, but also appointed Huang Quan's son Huang Chong, as an official. The shu han kings and subjects knew each other, and they reached such a point.
In the Battle of Mianzhu, Huang Chong resolutely followed Zhuge Zhan out of the battle, and he repeatedly made correct suggestions, but they were unfortunately not adopted by Zhuge Zhan, which eventually led to defeat. Even so, Huang Chong still inspired the soldiers in front of the battle until the hero died. With his life, Huang Chong, washed away the face of his father's traitor, and also repaid Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang with his own blood for the kindness of their acquaintance.
Son of Zhao Yun: Zhao Guang
Changshan Zhao Zilong is a famous general of the Shu Han Dynasty as we know it. He was brave enough to win the three armies, loyal and brave, and full of courage, and was deeply loved by the people. His son's name was Zhao Guang, and he was a doorman. In the Battle of Puzhong, Zhao Guang accompanied Jiang Wei to defend against Deng Ai. As a result, due to the great strength of the Wei army, the Shu army was unfortunately defeated, and Zhao Guang died in the rebellion.
Fu Wei's son: Fu You
Fu Wei was a famous general in the early Shu Han Dynasty. In the Battle of Yiling, the Shu army was defeated, and Liu Bei led his army to flee. In an extremely critical situation, Fu Wei was obliged to assume the responsibility of the post-break. In the end, all of Fu Wei's men were killed in battle, and they could only fight against the Wu army alone. Lu Xun wanted to say that this warrior had been surrendered, but Fu Wei scolded:
"Wu Dog! What a Han general surrendered! ”
After the scolding, Fu Wei died heroically.
After Fu Wei's death, his son Fu You became a Shu Han general and had the courage to do so. In the Battle of Hanzhong, Zhong Hui led the Wei army to attack Hanzhong and take Yangping Pass. Fu You was betrayed by his colleague Jiang Shu and forced to defend Guancheng alone. In the face of the superior enemy army, Fu You did not retreat from the battle, and eventually died heroically like his father.
In this regard, Sima Yan commented: "The Shu general Fu You, who was in Guancheng before, resisted the officers and soldiers and died. His father was restored to Liu Bei and died in battle. Is the goodness of the world different from each other? ”
Father and son died for the same father, and their righteousness and martyrdom simply moved the heavens and the earth.
Jiang Wei
Jiang Wei was originally a general of the State of Wei, but was cited by Zhuge Liang as his successor. In order to repay Zhuge Liang's kindness, Jiang Weijiu attacked the Central Plains, but all ended in failure.
In the final battle, Liu Chan did not listen to Jiang Wei's instructions and did not defend Yinping, causing Deng Ai to break through the defensive line that Jiang Wei had painstakingly managed, which eventually led to the demise of Shu Han.
At that time, Jiang Wei was defending Yu Zhongzhong and dragged Zhong Hui out of the way. When he heard the news of Liu Chan's surrender, he angrily scolded: "We are about to fight to the death, why should Your Majesty surrender first?" And his soldiers also drew their swords and stones to express their anger.
However, Jiang Wei did not give up hope, he secretly persuaded Zhong Hui and designed to kill Deng Ai. Under his plot, Shu Han was almost about to be resurrected, and in addition to his excitement, he secretly wrote a letter to Liu Chan: "The society is in danger and restored, and the sun and moon are quiet and restored." But in the end, Jiang Wei's strategy failed, and he also used his family's life to accompany Shu Han to the funeral. This is really "I can't do it, but Providence!" ”
Huo Yi, Luo Xian
Huo Yi and Luo Xian, although they did not dedicate themselves to other heroes. But they still interpreted their loyalty to the Father in their own way.
Huo Yi was the son of Huo Jun, a famous general in the early Shu Han Dynasty. Before the fall of the Shu Han Dynasty, he was leading tens of thousands of troops stationed in Nanzhong. Hearing that there was a difficulty in Chengdu, Huo Yi ordered the soldiers and horses to prepare to support. But unfortunately, before the army could be mobilized, Liu Chan surrendered.
However, Huo Yi did not choose to surrender at the beginning, but held in Nanzhong and threatened the Wei army: "We must wait for Liu Chan to arrive safely in Luoyang before surrendering!" If the monarch is killed, he will fight the Wei army to the death! It turned out that Huo Yi used himself as a chip to save the life of the lord Liu Chan. Although it eventually surrendered to the State of Wei, it still did not compromise the quality of its loyal subjects.
Luo Xian's father was Luo Meng, and the official worshiped Shu Han Guanghan Taishou. Before the fall of the Shu Han Dynasty, Luo Xian garrisoned Yong'an to guard against the State of Wu. After the fall of the Shu Han, Lu Kang led his troops to take advantage of the fire and robbery, hoping to divide the territory of the Shu Han. Regarding the treachery of his allies, Luo Xian angrily scolded:
"Our country has fallen, and the state of Wu is a country of lips and teeth, and if it does not sympathize with our disaster, but wants to seek profit, I would rather be a prisoner of surrender."
In the end, Luo Xian held Yong'an for three months, destroyed the Wu army, and preserved the last dignity of Shu Han. Luo Xian was not only loyal to the monarch, but also loyal to the country.
Compared with these loyal and righteous soldiers, the images of Liu Chan and Qiao Zhou are too ugly. Today, some people even think that Liu Chan is not smart, he knows the Destiny of Heaven, not only saved his life, but also gained wealth, which is simply a great wisdom and foolishness. However, these people could never have imagined that most of the descendants of Liu Chan, the Duke of Anle, died in the Yongjia Rebellion and died under the butcher's knife of the Hu people. What is even more ironic is that these Hu people (Liu Yuan) are still playing under the banner of Liu Chan.
As the saying goes, "I would rather die than die in silence." Shu Han satisfied all our imaginations of loyal and righteous soldiers, driven by the ideal of reviving the Han Dynasty. Liu Bei, Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and other heroes of the world fought tirelessly for Li Mincangsheng, knowing that they could not do anything, and finally gave up their lives. And most of their children did not lose face for their ancestors, and eventually sang a tragic elegy for Shu Han.
Look at the State of Wei and the State of Wu. When the State of Wei fell, the descendants of the so-called "loyal subjects" Sima Shi, Sima Zhao, Jia Chong, Zhong Hui, Xun Yu (Xun Yu's son), Wang Ling, and others were either dissident in their ambitions or were vassals, either rebelling or plotting to usurp the throne; but what about the State of Wu? When the country perished, the descendants of those "loyal subjects" surrendered to the Western Jin Dynasty with almost no resistance. Only Zhang Ti was martyred. Before his death, Zhang Ti also said sadly:
"All kings and subjects have surrendered, and no one has died, and no one has been humiliated."
Judging from the ugly demise of the State of Wei and the State of Wu, Shu Han was not too special. Reading the history of the Shu Han Dynasty is like reading a hero's hymn, although tragic, it can still bring us endless reverie about loyalty and righteousness.