preface:
In November 1950, more than 100,000 Chinese volunteers marched day and night, closely camouflaged, enduring the cold, hunger and fatigue in the mountains and woods covered with thick snow, overcoming difficulties and obstacles with amazing perseverance, arriving at the preset battlefield on November 27, only to wait for an order to launch a general offensive. That's what's famous
Battle of Chosin Lake
。
However, just two days ago, Chinese commander and political commissar of the People's Volunteer Army
Peng Dehuai
Tearfully sent a top-secret telegram to the Central Military Commission.
Figure | Peng Dehuai is in North Korea
The telegram was not a report on the state of the war, but a shocking incident that occurred on the morning of November 25:
Mao Anying was sacrificed.
It is reported that this short telegram was less than 200 words, and Peng Dehuai wrote it for more than an hour.
Before Mao Anying's death, he asked his mother-in-law to borrow a watch, which became one of the signs of confirming the body
On the evening of October 14, 1950, Mao Anying stopped downstairs from a hospital in Beijing on a bicycle, slowing down and feeling confused as he was about to say goodbye to his newly married wife, Liu Siqi.
A year ago, that is, October 15, 1949, Mao Anying and Liu Siqi married, Liu Siqi is the daughter of the martyr Liu Qianchu, her mother is Zhang Wenqiu, as Mao Anying's father, Mao Zedong is also very satisfied with Mao Anying's marriage, after marriage, the two people live very happily.
Figure | Mao Anying and Liu Siqi wedding photos
Now, the Korean War has broken out, in order not to let the war burn to our country,
Chairman Mao
Resolutely decided to resist US aggression and aid Korea. As the son of Mao Zedong,
Mao Anying
Duty-bound, he took the initiative to ask Peng Dehuai for help, hoping to agree to let him enter the DPRK and participate in the war. Although Peng Dehuai was the commander of the Chinese Volunteer Army, Mao Anying was after all Mao Zedong's child, and Peng Dehuai resolutely refused to agree.
Helplessly, Mao Anying told his father Mao Zedong what he thought, and Mao Zedong was very pleased, and Peng Dehuai explained the matter at the dinner table, and Peng Dehuai agreed to Mao Anying's entry into the DPRK. Now, on the first day of marriage, mao Anying said goodbye to his wife, and mao could not bear it.
Outside the ward, Mao Anying saw Liu Siqi reading in bed, Mao Anying showed a smile, Liu Siqi was doing appendicitis surgery in the hospital at the time, during the hospitalization, he knew that Mao Anying was very busy, and did not ask Mao Anying to accompany him all the time. Seeing Mao Anying push the door in, Liu Siqi was also very happy.
"It's so late, how did you get here?" Liu Siqi put down the book, took Mao Anying's hand, and asked softly.
"Si Qi, I..." Mao Anying swallowed for half a day: "I came to see you, is the wound still painful in these two days?" ”
"It doesn't hurt, it's much better today." Although Liu Siqi was very happy, he always felt that Mao Anying had something to say and swallowed.
Mao Anying said: "Si Qi, I am going to a faraway place tomorrow for a 'business trip'. ”
"Traveling for a long time? Where to go? Liu Siqi couldn't help asking.
"Far away, a far place."
Liu Siqi knew that Mao Anying worked in the intelligence department, and she never asked about his work, and Mao Anying refused to say it, presumably for the sake of secrecy. Then he asked, "How long are you going?" ”
Mao Anying said: "Maybe, maybe a few months, maybe a year or two, if you don't receive my letter, don't worry, because that place is very remote and the traffic is not convenient." ”
Liu Siqi looked at Mao Anying quietly, and did not know what to say, Mao Anying refused to say, and she naturally did not ask first. Before leaving, Mao Anying instructed Liu Siqi:
I am not at home, and no matter what happens in the future, you must insist on completing your studies and taking care of yourself.
Figure | The first on the left is Liu Siqi
Liu Siqi has always been sensible, and in the face of Mao Anying's instructions, he just nodded his head vigorously, and Mao Anying said:
"When I was there, every Sunday you had to go see Daddy, and if you didn't go to See Daddy, Daddy would miss it."
Mao Anying had just finished speaking his tears and shed tears. "Also, you have to help me take care of Kishi-kishi." After instructing all this, Mao Anying gently leaned down, kissed Liu Siqi's face and said:
"It's not too early, I should go."
Before walking out of the ward, Mao Anying bowed deeply to Liu Siqi, which made Liu Siqi a little overwhelmed, and since marrying Mao Anying, he had never seen Mao Anying have such a move, and his heart was very uncomfortable.
Leaving the hospital, Mao Anying felt that he should say goodbye to his mother, and he rode alone towards his mother-in-law's house. At that time, it was almost 12 o'clock in the evening, and Zhang Wenqiu was very surprised to see Mao Anying coming.
"Kishi Ying, it's so late, how did you get here?"
Mao Anying said to Zhang Wenqiu: "Mother, I am going to go out of the far house, siqi will trouble you to take care of it." ”
Zhang Wenqiu had always been very concerned about the two of them, and had never seen Mao Anying say such a thing.
"Kishi Ei, I'll take care of it."
"Also, you have to help me take care of my younger brother Kishi-
Zhang Wenqiu was stunned for a long time, and followed Mao Anying out of the door, and Mao Anying turned back and said, "Mother, is your watch still there?" My watch doesn't work, I'll borrow you first, and I'll give it back to you when I get back. ”
Zhang Wenqiu was stunned, this watch was given to him by a good friend, he has always been reluctant to bring it, Liu Siqi also knows about this matter, Zhang Wenqiu quickly said:
"If any son-in-law borrows his mother-in-law's things and wants to pay them back, he will give them to you as a mother."
After saying that, Zhang Wenqiu took out this watch and handed it to Mao Anying, what she didn't know was that this watch had actually become one of the signs for identifying Mao Anying's body.
Figure | Zhang Wenqiu and the child
After Mao Anying's death, Peng Dehuai tearfully wrote a telegram of less than 200 words
After Mao Anying entered the DPRK, as an interpreter secretary, he always followed Peng Dehuai's side, and he also worked with Gao Ruixin, who followed Peng Dehuai on his southern expedition to the Northern War during the Liberation War. Before entering the DPRK, he was the combat staff officer of the Headquarters of the Northwest Military Region, and after entering the DPRK, he was stationed in Dayudong.
Da Yu Dong is located in Changcheng County, North Pyongan Province, more than 20 kilometers from liangshui Cave, which was first opened on October 25 of the first battle of the Volunteer Army to record the annihilation of one battalion of the enemy, and the sound of artillery can be heard. Originally a metal mining area, it has been discontinued since the start of the war and the residential area is empty. The north wind is cold, the snow is fluttering, and Gao Ruixin can't help but sigh when he sees this snowy weather:
"Snowflakes are like palms that are difficult to cover their eyes, and the wind is constantly worried when they enter the knife." It may also be snowing in my hometown. ”
Mao Anying smiled and said, "What's wrong?" Homesick? Gao Ruixin said: "Yes, I just got married for a year and went abroad, my daughter-in-law is a women cadre in the village, she was just pregnant when I left, and I don't know what happened." ”
"You were also married for a year?" Mao Anying and Gao Ruixin both looked at each other and laughed. It turned out that the two of them had just been married for a year and could talk very well. The two went from family to work and became a good couple.
The time came to November 25, around 7:00 a.m., when suddenly a piercing alarm sounded, and the people of the headquarters immediately asked Peng Dehuai to evacuate, "General Peng, go to the air raid shelter." At that time, Peng Dehuai was more stubborn, and the guards pulled Peng Dehuai to evacuate to the air raid shelter.
Figure | Stills from "Chosin Lake"
It turned out that these American planes had come to inquire about the enemy's situation, and they flew away in a short time. At that time, it was common for US planes to come to detectives, but unexpectedly, at 11 o'clock, 4 enemy planes came to the sky over the Big Yu Cave, Mao Anying and Gao Ruixin had withdrawn, but it seemed that they had forgotten to take something, and when they returned to the office, the enemy dropped one hundred and eighty napalm bombs, and suddenly the headquarters was in a sea of fire, and when they looked for Mao Anying, they found two charred bodies.
What was the situation at that time, Yang Feng'an, then Peng Dehuai's military secretary, said:
One hundred and eighty napalm bombs came down from the ground. After falling, the house was a sea of fire. With the deafening sound of the explosion, the 50-square-meter war room wooden house instantly burst into flames and became a sea of fire, and Mao Anying and Gao Ruixin, who had no time to evacuate, died heroically.
Xu Muyuan, who had entered the DPRK with Mao Anying and taken a group photo, recalled that when he was not far from the war room, after the enemy's gasoline bombs were dropped, a powerful air wave was generated, and he saw a sea of fire in front of him, and he was also swept down by the powerful air wave.
Figure | On the left is Xu Muyuan
Hong Xuezhi also recalled in the book "Memories of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea":
"That day breakfast was very early, after the meal Mao Anying went up the mountain with us to evacuate, and then I don't know why he ran back to the house."
After the alarm was lifted, Peng Dehuai and the soldiers came out of the bomb shelter, and when reporting casualties, the guards told Peng Dehuai that Staff Sergeant Gao and Secretary Liu (the name used in Mao Anying's work) had died, and handed him Mao Anying's relics, that is, the watch. After confirming that it was Mao Anying, Peng Dehuai was suddenly deeply saddened and felt very guilty.
Yang Feng'an hurriedly ran back to report to Peng Dehuai the news of Mao Anying's death. After listening, Peng Dehuai stood unsteadily and did not say a word, and it took a long time before he murmured: "Comrades Kishi Ying and Ruixin have sacrificed, sacrificed..." Saying this, he walked out of the air raid shelter to the scene of the accident, his mood was very heavy, and he did not eat lunch.
According to the recollection of Cheng Pu, the guard on duty, Mr. Peng did not eat that day and sat in a daze, his thoughts disturbed. In the afternoon, General Manager Peng said that he would personally write a telegram and report it to the Central Military Commission. 114 words, Peng Dehuai wrote for more than an hour. It talks about Mao Anying's sacrifice.
The full text of the telegram reads:
The Central Military Commission and Gao (Gang) and He (Jinnian):
We had entered the bomb shelter at seven o'clock today, and Mao Anying was in the house with three staff officers. At 11 o'clock, the four of them returned to the house, and suddenly four enemy planes came, dropped nearly a hundred incendiary bombs, hit the house, and two staff officers ran out. Mao Anying and Gao Ruixin were burned to death before they ran out in time. Nothing else is lost.
Shiji november 25, 16:00
It can be seen from Peng Dehuai's telegram that he was extremely troubled when writing this telegram, and the two mentions of Mao Anying show the grief over Mao Anying's sacrifice.
Figure | Battle of Chosin Lake
Two days later, the 100,000 troops of the Chinese Volunteer Army were already hidden in the vast mountains and jungles of northern Korea, the 20th Army was located on the west side of Chosin Lake, and the 27th Army was located in the north and northeast of Chosin Lake. In the evening, with the sound of a military trumpet, Song Shilun and Tao Yong commanded the 20th Army and the 27th Army to launch a fierce attack on the American army, and the Battle of Chosin Lake began.
According to an American journalist at the time, "I always felt that someone was staring at us." This sentence is not wrong, even an American officer at that time said, where did the Chinese Volunteer Army come from? Falling from the sky? They never knew that the volunteers could lurk overnight in the snow at minus 40 degrees Celsius, and some would even freeze to death, just to defend their homes.
Chairman Mao's guards recalled that Chairman Mao was in tears when he learned of Mao Anying's sacrifice
When the telegram of Mao Anying's sacrifice reached China, Ye Zilong received the telegram first, and when he saw that it was the news of Mao Anying's sacrifice, Ye Zilong did not know what to do for a while. According to the procedure, he should hand it over directly to Chairman Mao, but will this matter affect Chairman Mao's work? To be on the safe side, Ye Zilong came to Premier Zhou's office.
Zhou Enlai asked, "Zilong, what's the matter?" ”
Ye Zilong stammered, "Prime Minister, here is a telegram to the chairman." ”
Zhou En: "Telegram to the chairman, send it directly to the chairman." ”
"But this telegram..."
Ye Zilong handed the telegram to Zhou Enlai, who took a look at it and suddenly sat down in a chair, silent for half a moment without squeaking, the news was too shocking. When he and Deng Yingchao went to the Soviet Union that year, Mao Anying was still a child, and after returning to China, he witnessed Mao Anying growing up under the care of Chairman Mao, and now Mao Anying's sacrifice really made Zhou Enlai never think of it.
Figure | Zhou Enlai
Ye Zilong saw that Zhou Enlai's eyes were straight, and quickly asked, "Premier, are you okay?" Zhou Enlai stood up and pondered for a long time and whispered:
"The chairman has not been in good health recently, so let this matter go for a while and then tell the chairman after a while."
In fact, Zhou Enlai also had no way, in the past, he would tell Chairman Mao at the first time, but now he always felt inappropriate, the Battle of Changjin Lake was about to start, and Mao Anying was Chairman Mao's favorite son.
When Chairman Mao learned of this incident, more than a month had passed, and Peng Dehuai sent telegrams one after another saying that it was inappropriate not to report to Chairman Mao about Mao Anying's affairs. Zhou Enlai relayed to Ye Zilong:
"Don't hide it, it's not the way to keep it hidden, report it to the chairman."
Mao Zedong hurriedly took out the short telegram below and looked at it for a few minutes, his eyes were sluggish, his eyes were closed and open, and he saw his head hanging down, silently hanging lower and lower, lower and lower. The air around him seemed to freeze. I don't know how long it took for Mao Zedong to finally lift his head from his knees, there were no tears on his face, no expression, but his face was blue and very ugly.
Figure | Chairman Mao
At that time, he was Chairman Mao's defender
Li Jiaji
Recalls:
When the Chairman heard this, he took the cigarette again and threw it there again. Looking back, he lit another cigarette. The matchbox was right in front of him, he didn't know, still looking in his pocket. The tears were watery, but it was not obvious to you that he was crying, but our hearts were very clear, and his tears were more than ours, and they hurt more, and that was his dearest son.
At that time, Chairman Mao learned the news of Kishi's sacrifice and said to the people around him: Fighting always kills people. Chinese Volunteers have sacrificed the lives of so many commanders and fighters, and their sacrifices are glorious. Kishi is an ordinary warrior, don't take it as a big deal just because I'm my son.
In March 1951, Chairman Mao also mentioned in a conversation with Zhou Shizhao:
"As the chairman of the CPC Central Committee, I have a son myself, and if I don't send him to resist US aggression and aid Korea to defend my family and defend the country, whose son will I send?"
As for what the situation was at that time, Yang Shangkun, then director of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee, recorded in more detail in his diary on that day.
The news of Kishi Ying's death cannot but tell Li Desheng (Mao Zedong) today! After a long sigh, he said, "The thousands of sacrifices cannot be taken care of by this one person." It is over, needless to say. "The spirit is great, but the actual blow is not small!"
Nevertheless, Chairman Mao also made a great decision, on December 25, that is, the day of American Christmas, the second battle came to an end, the US army had been loaded from Xingnan Port to evacuate, Peng Dehuai said in a telegram to Zhou Enlai:
Yesterday, on the twenty-fourth day, Comrade Lai Chuanzhu drafted a telegram to transport the bones of Comrade Mao Anying back to Beijing, and I intended to bury it in Korea and publish a monument in the name of Zhisi or the commander of the volunteer army, explaining his voluntary participation in the army and his sacrifice, worthy of Mao Zedong's son, and buried it with Gao Ruixin, another staff officer who died at the same time.
Zhou Enlai asked Chairman Mao for this opinion, and Zhou Enlai said that Mao Anying's body should be transported back to China, but Chairman Mao supported Peng Dehuai's opinion, saying:
Qingshan buried loyal bones everywhere, why should Ma Ge wrap the body back.
Figure | Chairman Mao and Mao Anying
In this way, Mao Anying was buried on the land of Korea, and Peng Dehuai once said to Hong Xuezhi:
Kishi was the first to sign me up for the Volunteer Army. Standing up for the national crisis is not something that everyone can do. Some people didn't do it, but Kishi Ying did.
The image of Mao Anying's life was first disclosed on the occasion of commemorating the 70th anniversary of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea
In 1958, Premier Zhou led a delegation of the Chinese government to Korea in person, and came to the Chinese Volunteer Army Martyrs' Cemetery in Hinochang County, standing in front of Mao Anying's tomb, and Premier Zhou stood silently for a long time
。 Along with Premier Zhou were Marshal Chen Yi and General Su Yu, who silently laid wreaths for Mao Anying and the volunteer martyrs who were buried here.
Figure | Premier Zhou, Chen Yi, and Su Yu are in North Korea
It is reported that in the Battle of Chosin Lake, the 9th Corps of the Volunteer Army suffered 19,202 casualties, frostbite 28,954 people, and more than Chinese 4,000 people froze to death. During the Two-Year-Nine-Month War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, 197653 martyrs of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea sacrificed their precious lives. In chairman Mao's words,
Mao Anying was just an ordinary warrior, and he was only one of tens of thousands of martyrs.
Figure | Images of Mao Anying
In 2020, on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the Chinese Volunteers' going abroad to fight in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, a precious image of Mao Anying was disclosed for the first time in the documentary "Heroes and Children" commemorating the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
Mao Anying's harmonious conversation and skillful translation make people tear up.
Mao Anying guarded the faith with his life and is still buried on korean soil. As Mao Anying's wife, Liu Siqi has visited Mao Anying in North Korea many times, and it is reported that since her first visit to North Korea in 1959, she has visited the DPRK seven times so far.
Figure | Tomb of Mao Anying
Mao Anying's tomb, ordinary and simple, stands in front of the tomb a three-foot-high granite stone stele, the front of which is written: The tomb of Comrade Mao Anying. Over the years, countless Chinese and Korean people have come here with a heavy heart to present a bouquet of flowers to the martyrs here.
Today, Mao Anying has left us for 71 years, but his sacrifice has made the most special testimony to the history experienced by New China.
The breeze is cool, and the pine waves are rising again.