Zhuge Liang's "Table of Teachers" has been passed down through the ages, and to this day, in the education system received by middle school students in China, the "Table of Teachers" is impressive, which shows its far-reaching influence.
Most people's impression of Zhuge Liang was characterized by the TV series Romance of the Three Kingdoms. But often, for the sake of the perception of the TV series, the screenwriter will invoke various artistic means to shape some special characters into special artistic images. Zhuge Liang's artistic image has been beautified. Having said that, I fully agree with some of the people's assessments of him, such as unparalleled wisdom, strategic planning, and bold loyalty. Even so, I still have to say what happened to Zhuge Liang in actually shu Han.
Zhuge Liang's life
Zhuge Liang was born into a famous family, and his ancestor was Zhuge Feng of the Western Han Dynasty. When the ancestor Zhuge Feng was an official in the dynasty, he often wrote to Emperor Yuan of Han to express his incompatibility with the traitors of the courtiers, and to rebuke those who only cared about enriching themselves, pulling gangs and factions, and flying dogs. Although he offended the courtiers, his integrity and character had a profound impact on the Zhuge family, and Zhuge Liang's personality may have been influenced by this personality charm passed down from generation to generation.
If the merit is high, the lord will be covered, and the lord will be suspicious
In the eyes of many people, Zhuge Liang's image can be described as dashing to the extreme. No matter what happens, the outcome is anticipated. The plan is also very ready-made, even written long ago, just put it in a bag, and then open it when it is time to execute.
You don't have to kill the enemy yourself, and you don't have to worry about bothering, as long as you wear a big turban, shake a goose feather fan, set up a Go board, make a pot of chrysanthemum tea, and then "talk and laugh between the trees and ashes", this is how dashing!
In fact, there was great pressure in Zhuge Liang's heart. Looking at the whole history, we would like to ask, which dynasty and which generation escaped the history of ruling the world and having a good end?
It is not easy to be a courtier, and it is even more difficult to be a talented courtier. The first is to be loyal, and the second is to be able. Being loyal and incompetent is a mediocre person, and being able and unfaithful is a villain, so neither is indispensable. It is not enough to be recognized by the wise lords, but also to be recognized by all the ministers as your talents and as a person. This one is the most difficult, because jealousy is the common disease of the world. But Zhuge Liang is hard to "win the name of the body and the back", which shows that Zhuge Liang can really be described as a strange person. But can you say that Zhuge Liang and Liu Bei are really intimate?
The White Emperor City is lonely, seemingly trusting, but in fact it is shocking
The answer is no. In fact, the suspicion and precaution between Zhuge Liang and Liu Bei were no less than those of others. There is a well-known example.
In 223, Liu Bei fell critically ill. Zhuge Liang was summoned by Liu Bei to leave the crown prince Liu Chan to guard Chengdu and take Liu Yong and Liu Li to the White Emperor's City. Zhuge Liang entered Yong'an City, saw the precarious Liu Bei, and hurriedly knelt down in front of Liu Bei's bed, Liu Bei summoned him to the side of the bed, while stroking Zhuge Liang's shoulder, while entrusting a heavy responsibility with a heavy heart: "Juncai is ten times more than Cao Pi, and he will be able to settle the country and finally settle major events." If the heir can be supplemented, he shall be supplemented; if he is not talented, he may take it upon himself. ”
It seems that the two sides trust to the extreme, but in fact they are jealous and silent. Liu Bei entrusted his son to Zhuge Liang, what does this mean? Liu Chan's incompetence can be described as the "heart of Sima Zhao", which is well known to everyone. Therefore, this is nothing more than because Zhuge Liang's talent is unparalleled in the world, and his own son is useless, so he deliberately speaks to the place of death and puts him in an army, so that he does not dare to commit crimes and do harm to his son.
Moreover, if in the future Liu Chan fainted and Zhuge Liang really took his place, then he would first have to bear the insult of failing to assist and betraying the Lord's word. Whether in politics, public opinion, in the hearts of the people, or in the history of Youyouqing, he will be charged with "disobedience, disloyalty and injustice", and will lead to the division being nameless and inferior. Therefore, this is completely a kind of preemptive attack against Zhuge Liang, and it is an obvious imperial heart technique.
Zhuge Liang naturally heard Liu Bei's meaning. Since he was originally used by Liu Bei's knowledge, he could not be an ungrateful villain, not to mention that the inheritance of the Zhuge family did not allow him to do great rebellious things. Therefore, he immediately expressed his position: "The subject dares to exert all his strength to be loyal to the festival of chastity, and then die." ”
Imperial Mind Technique: Mutual Restraint
Here we also want to mention an important person, Li Yan.
The foundation of the Shu Han regime was composed of three main groups of forces: the dominant Liu Beiyan Jingchu clique, the Former Yizhou Assassin Liu Zhang's Dongzhou clique, and the predominantly native Yizhou clique.
Yizhou Group has not occupied much dominant position since The liu zhang period, and it can be said that it is a foil in the three major groups. The Jingchu clique suffered great losses in the previous series of events such as the loss of Jingzhou, the defeat of Guan and Zhang, and the Battle of Yiling, and Liu Bei at this time also had the possibility of dying at any time.
In order to balance Zhuge Liang's power, Liu Bei had already quietly promoted Li Yan to Shang Shu Ling, making him comparable to Zhuge Liang in official rank. So he made such a wise decision: "Yan and Zhuge Liang were entrusted with the edict to assist the young lord; with Yan as the protector of the capital, unify the internal and external military forces." Zhuge Liang still did the business of the chancellor, and Li Yan was in charge of the internal and external military, and this distribution allowed the two to balance each other, so as not to make either side bigger.
From the perspective of the composition of the power structure and the distribution of power of the Shu Han regime at that time, we have enough reason to believe that It is not Li Yan who wants to prevent one side from dominating.
The fact that Li Yan was promoted from local governor to Shang Shuling within a very short period of one year, and that with the help of his political status and original foundation, he artificially created Li Yan as the actual representative of the Dongzhou clique fully shows that Liu Bei was more of a co-optation for Li Yan than a precaution. Liu Bei listed Such a rapidly rising political rookie Li Yan, who had never entered the center of power before, as "one of the trusted and important subjects", and ordered him to "unify the internal and external military", and then linked with the words "Jun can take it upon himself", it is obvious that the object of his defense and balance is undoubtedly Zhuge Liang.
References: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Book of Shu, Biography of the Ancestors, Chronicle of the State of Huayang, Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, Biography of Zhuge Liang, Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms