Welcome to Epic Epic No. 1022. The process of changing historical relations between China and the former Soviet Union is very dramatic. Since the 1920s, the Soviet Union has helped China to create the Whampoa Military Academy, and there are Soviet comrades in the early development of our army for military guidance; and during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Soviet weapons were also imported into China in large quantities, and the Soviet Union was an important source of military equipment for us to resist Japanese aggression. After the founding of New China in 1949, the Soviet Union became china's most important ally in the world.
However, this was during Stalin's reign, after Stalin's death in March 1953, the Soviet Union was brought to power by Khrushchev, and Sino-Soviet relations began to take a sharp turn after 58 years, and even evolved into a dangerous military confrontation after the 1960s. Why did Sino-Soviet relations gradually deteriorate after Ho Khrushchev came to power?
The evolution of Sino-Soviet relations has Khrushchev's personal factors, but it cannot be excluded from the complicated historical background at that time. Let's first look at Khrushchev's personal adverse effects on relations between the two countries. Among the successive leaders of the Soviet Union, Khrushchev and Stalin have a large difference in status, Stalin ruled for decades, especially after Experiencing World War II, in the history of the Soviet Union, he was roughly a political leader who could be roughly ranked with Lenin; and Khrushchev was the successor to the throne through political struggle after Stalin's sudden death, and his foundation and status were far from being comparable to his predecessors. Because of this special personal background, Khrushchev had the factor of pursuing prestige and rushing to achieve success when he came to power.
On the one hand, in the name of denying the cult of personality, Khrushchev exposed Stalin's mistakes on a large scale in the Soviet Union, of course, the main purpose was to help himself establish his own authority, first pull Stalin off the altar of the gods before he had the opportunity to replace him from historical status, and at the same time consolidate his political position and suppress his old subjects (there are also factors that repay his son's personal vendetta); on the other hand, Khrushchev has indiscriminate demands on China's independence and self-determination, and tries to turn China into a little brother who can face his life by controlling the sea power in the coastal seas and establishing radio stations. Just as the West obeys the United States. China is a world power in history, and after the founding of the People's Republic of China in 49 years, it is natural that it cannot resign itself to the Soviet Union like the small countries in Eastern Europe. The complete denial of Stalin for the ideological unity in China is also harmful (during the Stalin period, the Soviet Union and Our country were good friends, and China honored 4 teachers as "Ma enles", of which Si, which refers to Stalin, can be seen how great the influence).
Several of Khrushchev's ideas and measures aroused strong resentment and rejection from all levels of China, which led to a turn of intimacy into hostility. In addition, in addition to Khrushchev's personal factors, the Soviet Union was originally a great power in the East, and its military and political ambitions and influence in the Far East were self-evident. The general relationship between stalin and our country was intimate, and there was also a factor of historical timing. It can only be said that during Khrushchev's administration, potential contradictions and conflicts between major powers broke out.
However, it is worth mentioning that before Khrushchev brought harm to Sino-Soviet relations, China still received some benefits from the Soviet Union in the early days of Khrushchev's administration due to the complicated historical situation, the most representative of which was the Soviet Union's 156 industrial assistance projects. Some friends believe that Soviet aid was a project finalized by Stalin when he was alive, but the real implementation and intensification of aid and construction were indeed implemented by Khrushchev out of his own needs: When Khrushchev's political position was unstable in 1954, he vigorously advocated co-opting China, accelerated the dispatch of a large number of experts to our country and donated free drawings to aid the construction of Chinese industrial enterprises, laying the foundation for industrialization after the founding of our country to a certain extent.