On January 1, 1959, the Cuban People's Revolution was victorious, and Castro and his comrades overthrew batistuta's dictatorship. After Castro's victory, relations with the United States were not bad, and the United States also befriended Castro, hoping to have a more pro-American neighbor. However, Castro's subsequent reforms have touched U.S. interests in Cuba, and the United States is worried that cuba's nascent regime will play an exemplary role in Latin America, so relations with Cuba have begun to deteriorate.
An event
On January 5, 1961, the United States abruptly broke diplomatic relations with Cuba, and then imposed economic sanctions on Cuba, trying to force Castro to submit to the United States from the economy. In April 1961, the United States instigated Cuban exiles to launch the Bay of Pigs Incident, which exacerbated the deteriorating relations between Cuba and the United States. In fact, the severance of diplomatic relations between ancient and American countries stems from the snub of castro by the United States. After the victory of the revolution, Castro visited the United States and was admired by the people. But then the U.S. government snubbed it, much to Castro's anger, so Cuba befriended the Soviet Union and resumed diplomatic relations. Castro did not know what socialism was at this time, nor did he know how to build the country. However, after the establishment of diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union, it caused dissatisfaction in the United States, fearing that Cuba would fall to the Soviet Union.
But U.S. lame tactics eventually led to Cuba's eventual fall to the Soviet Union, which was interested in Cuba. After the Bay of Pigs incident, Castro applied to Khrushchev for support. At that time, in Castro's eyes, he did not know what the atomic bomb was, and only hoped that the United States would support missiles and weapons, and even send Soviet troops to support. Unexpectedly, Khrushchev made a big bet: to deploy nuclear missiles in Cuba and completely subdue the United States. Thus began the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Two reckless men
Both Khrushchev and Castro have one thing in common, which is that they are good at passionate speech and good at body language. And the personalities of the two are also very similar, they are people who dare to say and dare to do things, and never consider the consequences of doing things. Khrushchev's name as a "reckless man" existed at the beginning of his tenure, because he issued a secret report against his predecessor, causing chaos in the Soviet Union and laying hidden dangers for the disintegration of the Soviet Union, but Khrushchev made a reckless decision and did not expect the collapse of the Soviet Union many years later.
As the leader of the Cuban revolution, how did Castro build the country after the revolution was successful? He also did not have a clear line of thought, after all, in Latin America, Cuba was the first country to succeed in the revolution. Castro was initially a stranger to the Soviet Union, and he didn't know what kind of country socialism was, and initially Castro wanted to rely on the United States to build a country, but the United States did not look down on him.
When Castro came into contact with Khrushchev during the United Nations conference, he began to communicate with the Soviet Union. Khrushchev believed that missiles could be deployed in Cuba, and Castro did not know how harmful a nuclear bomb would be.
Khrushchev's decision to deploy missiles in Cuba was also considered. First, U.S. President John F. Kennedy has just come to power, and the Bay of Pigs failed, already morally and diplomatically. Khrushchev naively believed that the United States could not oppose Castro's precautionary measures, including accepting Soviet nuclear weapons.
Second, Khrushchev wanted to counter the United States. Because American bases and missiles have been deployed around the Soviet Union, especially missiles deployed in Italy, West Germany and Turkey can reach the important industrial centers of the Soviet Union, but also under the threat of strategic bombers, and if the nuclear bomb is shipped to Cuba, it can counter the purpose of the United States.
Third, to achieve a balance between the United States and the Soviet Union for hegemony. Kennedy developed nuclear weapons in large numbers, surpassing the Soviet Union in number and fighting far. The Soviet nuclear bomb could not hit the American mainland at all. By deploying a nuclear bomb in Cuba, its range could easily reach the U.S. mainland and it could also avoid U.S. early warning systems. In this way, the situation of the Soviet Union's oppression could be changed and the balance between the United States and the Soviet Union could be achieved again.
Fourth, the deployment of missiles in Cuba could consolidate Castro's leadership in Cuba, and the Soviet Union had a base planted under the eyes of the United States. The Soviet Union was ready to deter the United States. Khrushchev also thought about the consequences of the conflict, but they decided to try.
Three twists and turns
When Khrushchev decided to deploy the bomb to Cuba, Castro certainly wanted to. So the Soviet Union began to deploy secretly, and Castro also sent a message to Castro through the Soviet ambassador to Cuba, Alexieyev: "If the Soviet Union has to defend the socialist world through nuclear bombs and has to sacrifice Cuba, it doesn't matter." By this time Castro already knew that the threat of a nuclear bomb to the United States was more important than asking the Soviets for a few guns and a few guns. But a "gambling" mentality has always existed in the two.
At this time, Khrushchev had sent troops to basically complete the deployment of missiles, but they were still discovered by the Americans. Later, because of the American spies, they were leaked. The United States questioned Khrushchev, but Khrushchev lied that it was aid to Cuba. But the U.S. intelligence reconnaissance system determined the nuclear bombs deployed by the Soviet Union. The United States then blockaded and showed the Soviet Union its determination to fight a war. At this time Khrushchev's attitude changed.
So when Khrushchev received Castro's letter, he called Castro a madman. He argues that Castro had no idea how serious the consequences of a nuclear bomb would be.
In the face of the unyielding attitude of the United States, Khrushchev also realized the seriousness of the problem. Khrushchev decided to dismantle the missiles deployed to Cuba.
When Castro heard about this, he called Khrushchev a bastard and a coward, and castro, enraged, smashed a huge mirror hanging in his office. These two twists and turns are indeed developing too fast.
Six months later, Castro decided to go to the Soviet Union to see it again, and although the missiles were no longer deployed, he still had to make friends with the Soviet Union. So Castro put aside his resentment towards Khrushchev and began his friendly journey to the Soviet Union. Khrushchev also gave Castro a grand reception.
Four-stage transformation
Judging from the relationship between Castro and Khrushchev, the relationship between the two was good and bad, and both appeared in a very short period of time. Both are emotional. But since then, judging from Castro's administration, the changes between him and Khrushchev before and after the Cuban Missile Crisis can be regarded as the first transformation.
During the second transformation, after Khrushchev stepped down, Castro once tested our reaction, but still chose to make good friends with the Soviet Union and sided with the Soviet Union.
The third transition was when Gorbachev was in power, and even Castro could not understand how the Soviet Union was going at this time. As a result, Castro diplomacy also took a turn.
The fourth transition, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, also caused the Cuban economy to be hit hard, and Cuban diplomacy also changed. Cuba also admits that it made the wrong choice by relying on the Soviet Union, but under the pressure of the United States, Cuba has also had to make adjustments.