1
Shanghai is located in the river into the sea, from the Warring States, the people living here for generations to fish for a living, the Ming Dynasty Jiajing years, the Wukou attacked the coastal townships, a generation of anti-Wu famous general Qi Jiguang to create the "Qi family army", pacify the Wukou pirates, but also coastal peace, but also the peace of the people. In order to commemorate Qi Jiguang, later generations built a Qi family temple at the intersection of Huacaoda and Yanggao Road in Pudong, Shanghai.
Although a generation of famous generals is no longer there, their fearless spirit of serving the country and the people has always inspired the world. On May 7, 1949, Li Bai, Qin Hongjun, Zhang Qiaozhai and twelve other martyrs died 100 meters north of the Qijia Temple, and in the last moments of their lives, they sang the "Internationale": "The thunder and thunder of the thunderbolts suddenly shook, and the brutal thieves disappeared." see! The light shines brightly on my red sun. The solemn and majestic momentum and the spirit of seeing death as a homecoming made the surrounding residents who heard the voice sigh with emotion.
Through the movie "The Eternal Radio Wave", many people know the name of Li Bai, Li Bai, Qin Hongjun, Zhang Qiaozhai and known as the "Three Martyrs of Radio", Zhang Baozhai is Qin Hongjun's superior, responsible for leading the work of Qin Hongjun's radio, after Qin Hongjun's radio was exposed, Zhang Xiaozhai was also arrested and imprisoned, and died with his comrades-in-arms before the dawn came, only 20 days after the liberation of Shanghai.
On May 12, Chen Yi and Su Yu commanded the Third Field Army of the People's Liberation Army to attack the Nationalist defenders stationed in Shanghai, attacking from the directions of Pudong and Puxi, and blocking the mouth of the Huangpu River, cutting off the enemy's escape from the sea. At that time, although Chiang Kai-shek's general trend was gone, he still had illusions and deployed more than 200,000 people in 8 armies in Shanghai in an attempt to rely on Shanghai's abundant materials and strong fortifications to resist to the end. The Third Field Army sent 300,000 troops to attack Shanghai, which lasted for more than half a month, and on May 27, Shanghai was completely liberated.
When Shanghai was liberated, Zhang Zhaozhai and others had already died, and Zhang Chengzong's brother Zhang Chengzong was serving as the secretary of the Shanghai Underground Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, responsible for the work of the party and the masses in the areas of workers, staff, teachers, students, police, etc., organizing pickets to protect factories and schools, and in the process of cooperating with the People's Liberation Army to liberate and take over Shanghai, the Shanghai underground organization made important contributions. After the founding of New China, Zhang Chengzong served as the deputy director of the Organization Department of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee.
After the liberation of Shanghai, Qin Hongjun's wife Han Huiru and Zhang Xiaozhai's old mother, with the help of the organization every day, looked around for the remains of Zhang Qiaozhai and others, and retrieved the remains of their relatives for burial, which is not only the best comfort for the deceased, but also allows the living to have a place to mourn.
The evil deeds of the enemy have never been seen, Zhang Qiaozhai and others were secretly taken out for execution at night, and then they were pushed into a ditch and buried on the spot. Fortunately, the kung fu paid off, and on June 20, near the Shanhai Qijia Temple, the remains of 12 martyrs such as Li Bai, Qin Hongjun, and Zhang Qiaozhai were excavated, and a commemorative plaque was erected there, which read: Li Bai's twelve martyrs have survived forever.
On August 28, 1949, the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee held a solemn memorial meeting for Li Bai, Qin Hongjun, Zhang Qiaozhai and other martyrs, and the link read: "You fought for the cause of the people's liberation to the last drop of blood, and your heroic name will never die." ”
2
In 1914, Zhang Yaozhai was born in Kangleqiao, Chongqiu Township, Zhenhai, Zhejiang, the 32nd generation of the Zhang clan in Yaqian, his grandfather Zhang Ruyu, a teacher during the Daoguang years, Zhang Ruzhai gave birth to three sons, the third son is Zhang Lingzhai's father Zhang Changling. Like every father, Zhang Changling also hopes that his son will be able to get ahead in the future, so he gave him a nickname: Renjie. "Born as a human master, dead also as a ghost male", the so-called human being as its name, Zhang Qiaozhai's life experience is the best annotation of the name "Renjie".
Above Zhang Zhaozhai is an older brother Zhang Chengzong, also known as Zhang Renjun, who is four years older than him. "Fight the tiger brothers, fight the father and son soldiers", Zhang Qiaozhai and Zhang Chengzong two brothers are not only the same Qing Jun, but also like-minded, in the country's internal and external troubles in the environment, the two brothers have established a lofty ambition to serve the country, save the people in the water and fire, and have become comrades-in-arms who cooperate seamlessly and struggle side by side.
Zhejiang is close to the bustling metropolis of Shanghai, when many Zhenhai people went to Shanghai to make a living, Zhang Zhaozhai's father Zhang Changling was one of the members of this migration army, Zhang Changling's idea of going to Shanghai to break in, but also let the two sons Zhang Qiaozhai and Zhang Chengzong have an indissoluble relationship with Shanghai. After arriving in Shanghai, Zhang Changling ran business at Tonghui Bank, he was very business-minded and diligent, and within a few years, he had saved a lot of savings.
With a certain amount of capital accumulation, Zhang Changling also became the manager of Dexing Qianzhuang, which was a firm foothold in Shanghai, and he brought his family to Shanghai, and Zhang Xiaozhai and his brother Zhang Chengzong followed his father to Shanghai to study. Unfortunately, in 1922, a financial storm occurred in Shanghai, the dexing qianzhuang collapsed, and Zhang Changling was so angry that he fell seriously ill and died at the age of thirty-seven.
Family photo of his grandmother's 70th birthday in Zhenhai, Zhejiang In 1918 (the first right is 4-year-old Zhang Sleepy Zhai)
When his father left, Zhang Qiaozhai was ten years old, Zhang Chengzong was fourteen years old, and today's children may still be ignorant at this age, but the teenage children of that era have long been able to stand alone. Teenage Zhang Wuzhai will not only be with his brother and be the pillar of the family, but also strive for the future of the country and the nation.
In May 1925, Shanghai launched the May Thirtieth Movement against imperialism. In protest against the Japanese spinning mill capitalists killing the worker Gu Zhenghong, more than 2,000 students in Shanghai distributed leaflets in the concession in protest, and the British patrol house indiscriminately arrested more than 100 students. This action sparked even greater outrage, with tens of thousands of people gathering outside the gates of the British Concession patrol houses demanding the release of the arrested students, and the British patrol shot at the unarmed crowd, killing thirteen people and wounding dozens.
The imperialist atrocities filled the crowd with indignation, including Zhang Zhaozhai and his brother Zhang Chengzong, who happened to be on Nanjing Road and witnessed the workers marching under the guns of the British patrol. They hurried home to tell their families and neighbors that they also had to do something to support the struggle, they bought a lot of bread and biscuits, and Zhang Qiaozhai sent them to the old gate to give them to the arrested students, and the guards saw that Zhang Qiaozhai was only an 11-year-old child, and did not embarrass him much. It was precisely because of this experience that Zhang Anduzhai and his brother set their minds to overthrow the imperialist reactionaries.
Zhang Waszhai in Shanghai in 1935
In 1934, the 20-year-old Zhang Wuzhai married Hu Meiqing, the daughter of the Hu family in his hometown of Zhenhai, under the zhang luo of his mother, and the Zhang family and the Hu family had been friends for generations, Zhang Wuzhai and Hu Meiqing were also Lang Cai's female appearance and harmonious, but Hu Meiqing unfortunately contracted the epidemic and died young when he returned to his hometown to visit his relatives. Zhang Qiaozhai lost his love and had no intention of remarrying, looking at Zhang Qiaozhai alone, the people around him also wanted to introduce him to the object, but they were all rejected by Zhang Qiaozhai:
"When the revolution is victorious, we will talk about marriage, and now is not the time to consider personal happiness."
Because Hu Meiqing did not leave a son and a half daughter, the mother looked at her son alone, often shed tears, Zhang Chengzong did not want to persecute his brother, nor did he want his mother to be sad, so he comforted his mother and said:
"Mother, you forgot, doesn't our hometown have a rule?" The second room has no children, so the eldest son of the long house is passed on to the second room, and now the sister-in-law unfortunately died early, and the second brother now insists on refusing to marry again, so it is better to pass on my son Ya Sheng to the second brother, so that the second brother is also a successor, and the mother you don't have to worry anymore. ”
3
Zhang Qiaozhai was born with a dignified appearance, a little dressed up is full of foreign spirits, high nose, big eyes, the most love to read Lu Xun, Tolstoy, Shakespeare novels, from the appearance of a living literary and artistic youth, but under the general appearance of the literati, Zhang Qiaozhai's heart is as hot as fire, jealous as a vendetta, and unyielding will, so that he will never bow his head in the face of evil forces.
In 1945, on the eve of the outbreak of the Liberation War, Zhang Chengzong was ordered to return to Shanghai to take charge of underground work, and in order to cover his identity, he opened a rice shop on Foch Road: Fengji Rice, as a secret contact point for the Shanghai Underground Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China. At that time, Shanghai was still under the rule of the Kuomintang, and engaging in underground work under the eyes of the enemy was like dancing on the tip of a knife, with both caution and prudence like walking on thin ice, and courage to break into the Dragon Pond Tiger's Den.
Who will be the manager of the rice shop, which is a crucial question. This person must not only have rich experience in underground struggle, but also have a shrewd mind to do business. Because the rice shop is open, it can not only be a decoration, but also have to make money in a down-to-earth manner, so that the problem of rent and personnel activity funds can be solved.
After much deliberation, Zhang Chengzong decided to let his second brother Zhang Qiaozhai take on this dangerous and glorious work, And Zhang Chengzong made this decision not because Zhang Zhaozhai was his own brother, but because he was a 9-year-old party member who grew up in Shanghai with himself since he was a child, knew the geographical environment of Shanghai very well, and Zhang Zhaozhai had worked as a clerk in a bank and knew the way of money management. The staff in the rice shop are strictly screened, and the name liu Zhirong who is responsible for carrying and delivering rice is also an old party member who has been imprisoned for several years because of the anti-imperialist movement.
Qin Hongjun's radio station was originally led by Zhang Chengzong, but because the work was too busy, it was entrusted to Zhang Xiaozhai to take charge, Qin Hongjun served as the transmitter, and Zhang Xiaozhai was in direct contact with the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee. Zhang Qiaozhai can speak the Tao, and on the outside he looks like a genuine boss, because of the good popularity, the business of the rice shop is getting more and more prosperous. Under the cover of the rice shop people, Zhang Chengzong often contacted comrades here to convey information.
Zhang Chengzong and Zhang Zhaozhai brothers took a group photo
In 1947, the opposite side of the rice shop moved into a central command secret service agency, which was originally the office of the Kuomintang 26th Army. But the enemy could not have imagined that the underground party, which they racked their brains every day to catch, was right opposite them, moving under their noses.
Opening a rice shop under the eyes of the "tiger" is the most test of the psychological quality of the intelligence personnel, and the so-called "Tarzan collapses in front of the front and the color remains unchanged, and the elk is happy on the left and does not look at the moment", I am afraid that this is also the case. Tarzan's collapse was earth-shattering, and the elk ran quickly and happily, but for people with strong psychological qualities, these could not disturb his mentality and destroy his composure. Although the Kuomintang's secret service organ was just opposite the rice shop, Zhang Qiaozhai was still calm, showing a calm attitude beyond ordinary people, with the mentality of not being chaotic in the face of major events, operating as usual every day, without panic, Zhang Chengzong and others still came and went normally, but in order to avoid the danger of exposure, they minimized the frequency of travel.
Because the rice shop is busy with work, when it comes to winter and summer vacations, Zhang Qiaozhai will also bring his son Zhang Yasheng, who has passed from the eldest brother, to the rice shop and let him deliver the goods with Liu Zhirong. In Zhang's educational concept, children not only need to learn cultural knowledge, but also participate in labor training, and with good cultural cultivation and the physical quality of bearing hardships and standing hard work, they can become a qualified revolutionary fighter.
At that time, delivery in Shanghai, often used a kind of tiger car with iron baffles nailed above the two wheels, Liu Zhirong pulled in front, fifteen or sixteen-year-old Zhang Yasheng pushed in the back, and then carried the rice bag to the customer's home, Liu Zhirong carried a large bag, Zhang Yasheng carried a small bag. In July and August, the sun was scorching, the heat was sweating, and in November and February, the cold wind was cold, the face was full of red, the space in the rice shop was not large, and Zhang Yasheng was also huddled in a bed with Liu Zhirong when he rested at night.
At the same time as delivering the goods, Zhang Yasheng was also responsible for helping Zhang Yazhai pass on information, the Pinfang Food Store at No. 525 Yangpu Road lived in the underground party liaison station, Zhang Yasheng carried a bag of rice to send over, they poured the rice on the newspaper, they would find a paper ball larger than the grain of rice from inside, after a while, the comrades of the liaison station would give a bag of rice to Let Zhang Yasheng carry back, and bring the information back to Zhang Yasheng and Zhang Chengzong through the paper ball inside the rice bag.
4
After Li Bai was arrested, the amount of tasks of Qin Hongjun's radio station increased a lot, and there was a danger of exposure at any time, Zhang Chengzong asked Qin Hongjun's radio station to be only received for the time being, and was ready to establish a new radio station, but it was difficult for the preparatory radio station to be officially notified for a while, Qin Hongjun was very anxious, and Zhang Xiaozhai applied to resume the reporting:
"We can complete the task and use other radio stations to send the news, and the other comrades will also be in danger."
On the night of March 17, 1949, more than a dozen agents broke through the door and arrested Qin Hongjun and Han Huiru and his wife in Dapuqiao Xinxinli and put them in prison, and the next day the enemy took Han Huiru home, hoping to wait for others to throw themselves into the net. Qin Hongjun and Zhang Qianzhai agreed before that all the hangers on the balcony were removed, which meant that there was danger, and after Han Huiru returned home, he asked the agent to let the two children play on the balcony for a while, and then deliberately dropped a few pieces of Han Hongjun's good clothes in front of the agent, the agent happily took the clothes to look left and right, han Huiru took the opportunity to take off the hangers.
The warning message was sent, and a large stone in Han Huiru's heart finally landed, but unfortunately, this day Zhang Sleepy Zhai just came to Qin Hongjun's doorstep, and still did not escape the clutches of the secret agent. In prison, both Zhang Yaozhai and Qin Hongjun were brutally punished by sitting on a tiger stool and filling with pepper water, their legs were broken, they could not even walk, their lungs were inflamed, and they kept coughing up blood, but both of them reported their determination to die and resolutely did not confide a word to the enemy.
Zhang's last letter to his mother in prison reads:
"Mother, your son is afraid of the cold, please call someone to bring a fleece shirt, a quilt, a coat, a raincoat, a tweed hat, a sanitary shirt, and a cigarette." If nothing else, rest assured, don't grieve..."
"Nothing else, please rest assured" is to reassure his brother Zhang Chengzong that he has not given any useful information, and the organization does not have to worry. After learning of the arrest of the second brother, Zhang Chengzong, as the secretary of the Shanghai underground municipal party committee, has always been in a state of great contradiction and entanglement, they are the closest brothers, when they were teenagers, they were determined to participate in the revolution together during the May Thirtieth Movement, over the years they have experienced countless storms and rains, they have become comrades-in-arms with life and death, seeing that Shanghai is about to be liberated, the ideal they have struggled for for many years is about to be realized, but their own brothers fell into the hands of the enemy at this time.
Originally, Qin Hongjun's radio station was led by Zhang Chengzong, because the municipal party committee was too busy with work, it was handed over to Zhang Zhaozhai to take charge, so Zhang Chengzong felt even more guilty: "If it were not for the second brother, the person who is now being held in prison by the enemy should be me." Zhang Chengzong wanted to rescue Zhang Zhaozhai more than anyone else, he planned a number of rescue plans such as prison robbery, prison car robbery, and robbery of the law field, and discussed with comrades many times, but in the end Zhang Chengzong gave up the idea of rescue.
Zhang Chengzong made this decision, which was a very difficult choice emotionally, but it was also a rational decision made from the form of the enemy and us. At that time, the Shanghai police system had more than 50,000 guns, the police fortifications were very strong, not easy to be breached, rushed to rescue there was no certainty of victory, and may also expose more than 500 underground party members hidden in the Kuomintang military and police. The battle for the liberation of Shanghai is about to begin, and at this moment, welcoming the People's Liberation Army into the city is their most important task.
Zhang Yaozhai knew that the enemy would not let them go out alive, but he was still worried about his comrades-in-arms at this time, and he asked his family to help take care of Qin Hongjun's two children, and also entrusted someone to bail Liu Zhirong, who had been caught together. On May 7, Chiang Kai-shek issued an order to "insist on not telling the truth and punishing him with capital punishment," and 12 underground party members, including Li Bai, Qin Hongjun, and Zhang Xiaozhai, were secretly taken to the Qijia Temple in Pudong and killed. At this time, only 20 days before the liberation of Shanghai, the 35-year-old Zhang Qiaozhai died in the pre-dawn darkness.