In the list of martyrs in Nanjing Yuhuatai today, the name of the first martyr is Golden Buddha Zhuang.
When it comes to the Golden Buddha Village, many people may have forgotten, and perhaps many people never knew it, but in the 20s of the last century, the Whampoa Military Academy, and the Northern Expedition, he was recognized as a famous general.
Jin Fozhuang is a native of Dongyang County, Zhejiang Province, born in 1897, at the age of 6 into a private school, after that, he studied in high school, middle school, in 1915, the President of the Republic of China Yuan Shikai and the Japanese signed the "Twenty-one Articles" of mourning power and humiliating the country.
In 1918, Golden Buddha Zhuang was admitted to the Baoding Military Academy, during the May Fourth Movement, he came to Xiamen University, and later returned to the Baoding Military Academy, and in 1922, after thinking, golden Buddha Zhuang joined the Chinese Communist Youth League.
In this year, Jin Fozhuang graduated from the military academy and was assigned to the Second Division of the Zhejiang Army as a platoon leader under Chen Yi.
During this period, with the consent of his superiors, Golden Buddha Zhuang was converted from a member of the League to a party member, and he thus became one of the first three party members of the Hangzhou Group of the Communist Party of China.
In 1923, the CCP decided to convene the Third National Congress, mainly to discuss whether to cooperate with the Kuomintang, how to cooperate, and to build a revolutionary united front through cooperation, and Jin Fozhuang, as a representative of Zhejiang, went to Guangzhou to attend the conference.
At this meeting, Jin Fozhuang, as a rare military figure in the party, was valued by the party organization, and Chairman Mao proposed at the meeting that Jin Fozhuang should continue to serve in the Kuomintang, not lose his original position, and try to maintain strength in the army.
In 1924, when the Whampoa Military Academy was founded, Golden Buddha Zhuang participated in the founding work as a cadre of the Communist Party, and among the first batch of students, he served as the captain of the third team of the student team, and Liao Zhongkai, the leader of the Kuomintang left faction, had high hopes for Golden Buddha Village, after which Golden Buddha Zhuang became one of the 5 executive members of the Kuomintang Special Party Department of the Whampoa Military Academy.
Since then, Jin Fozhuang has successively participated in the rebellion of the "merchant group" in Guangzhou and the "Liu and Yang" warlords in Dian and Gui, as well as two eastern expeditions against the Guangdong warlord Chen Jiongming.
In each battle, Jin Fozhuang charged forward, did not fear death, won the respect of the soldiers, and at the same time, his position rose again and again, and in 1926, he was already the commander of the Kuomintang army.
During his time at the Whampoa Military Academy, Chiang Kai-shek, who was the headmaster, admired him and suggested that if he broke away from the Communist Party, he would be given a heavy responsibility, but The Golden Buddha Zhuang did not accept it, and even so, Chiang Kai-shek still entrusted him with a heavy responsibility.
At the beginning of the Northern Expedition, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Jin Fozhuang as deputy chief of staff and chief of the third section of the General Headquarters, and soon after, he was appointed as the head of the major general of the guard regiment.
During this period, Jin Fozhuang led the guard regiment to act with the command organs of the headquarters and made many military achievements for the revolution.
The first capture of Nanchang, due to the blockade of the three main forces of the warlord Sun Chuanfang, Nanchang was lost, Chiang Kai-shek, as the commander-in-chief of the Northern Expeditionary Army, led his troops to reinforce Nanchang, and the guard regiment of Jinfozhuang was used as a main force of the general reserve.
During the second attack on Nanchang, Jin Fozhuang led his troops to charge, leading the way, and finally, with the concerted efforts of the brother troops, they conquered Nanchang, and the guard regiment was ordered to guard and maintain order in the city.
At a meeting in Nanchang, the top brass of the Northern Expedition was discussing the battle plan against Sun Chuanfang, and Jin Fozhuang attended it, proposing that in order to make the Northern Expedition an earlier victory, he was willing to return to Zhejiang, Shanghai and other places, and secretly plan the Zhejiang army uprising and contribute to the revolution through the old friendships he had previously served in the Zhejiang army.
Bai Chongxi and others all agreed to the plan of the Golden Buddha Village, and Chiang Kai-shek wrote a secret letter to Chen Guofu, who lived in Shanghai and was in charge of recruiting students for the Huangpu Military Academy and carrying out counter-rebellion work against the enemy army, asking him to send Golden Buddha Zhuang to lead Huangpu Sheng, as an assistant, to Shanghai secretly to carry out the work of plotting rebellion.
In early December 1926, the Golden Buddha Zhuang took a boat down the Jiujiang River, who knew that his action was leaked as soon as he boarded the ship, and when the ship arrived in Nanjing, Sun Chuanfang's people had already arrested the Golden Buddha Zhuang and Gu Mingshi here.
After the capture of Golden Buddha Zhuang, people from both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party were shocked, and then they each launched their own forces to rescue Golden Buddha Village, and even Chiang Kai-shek sent a telegram to Sun Chuanfang, hoping that he would treat Golden Buddha Zhuang kindly, and at the same time, Old Chiang said that he would exchange it for the high-ranking generals captured by Sun Chuanfang's army.
Sun Chuanfang immediately refused.
On December 12, Golden Buddha Zhuang was brutally murdered by Sun Chuanfang at the age of 29.
When Chiang Kai-shek learned of this news, he became angry and immediately ordered the execution of one of the commanders and division commanders captured by Sun Chuanfang's troops to vent his anger.
After the sacrifice of Golden Buddha Zhuang, Chiang Kai-shek, in the name of the commander-in-chief, gave a huge plaque depicting "Sacrificing His Life for the Country", and the Golden Buddha Zhuang left, and in the torrent of the Great Revolution, there were many people like him who sacrificed their lives for the country.
But for Yan Ruizhen, the Golden Buddha Zhuang was her only one.
In 1918, under the arrangement of his father, Golden Buddha Zhuang and Yan Ruizhen married, Yan Ruizhen did not read at that time, could not read a single character, but even so, the relationship between the husband and wife was very good, and later when Golden Buddha Zhuang was admitted to the Baoding Military Academy, he also sent his wife to the Sericulture School to study.
In 1927, the National Revolutionary Army conquered Nanjing, Yan Ruizhen came to Nanjing to look for the remains of her husband, but for several months found nothing, The nanjing police chief, who is also a fellow of the Golden Buddha Village, Huang Fuxing, said to her: "You are a single woman, this kind of tired and desolate tomb, it is really difficult to find, I accompany you to visit Commander Bai Chongxi." ”
A few days later, Bai Chongxi awarded Yan Ruizhen a pension of 2,000 silver dollars, and at the same time, he also had people post bounty announcements in the streets and alleys of Nanjing, but found nothing.
In 1928, the search for the skeleton of her husband was fruitless, Yan Ruizhen decided to return to her hometown, on the train back, she met an officer, by chance, she learned that this officer was serving in Sun Chuanfang's office, he told Yan Ruizhen that the people Sun Chuanfang shot were in Yuhuatai.
Yan Ruizhen immediately got off the car from Zhenjiang and returned to Nanjing, in Yuhuatai, so big, where is her husband's skeleton? After an old man saw it, he learned of Yan Ruizhen's story and told her: "There is a guarantee outside the south gate that all gun murderers, no one who collects the body will be buried by him, and marked with wooden stakes, you can ask him for the details." ”
Yan Ruizhen came to the south gate according to the instructions of the old man, found the guarantee, after the guarantee of consultation, Yan Ruizhen found the skeleton of her husband Golden Buddha Zhuang, the matter has a result, Golden Buddha Zhuang's former classmates, comrades-in-arms all wrote to Chiang Kai-shek, asking that the Golden Buddha Zhuang be buried next to the West Lake in Hangzhou.
Chen Cheng later presided over the memorial service of the Golden Buddha Village, and after several turns, in 1934, Yan Ruizhen buried the skeleton of her husband back to her hometown.
In 1945, at the Seventh National Congress of our Party, Golden Buddha Zhuang was included in the "List of Dead Martyrs" compiled and printed by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, and in 1963, the organization officially recognized Golden Buddha Zhuang as a revolutionary martyr.