After the TV series "Prime Minister Liu Luoguo" was broadcast, it was a sensation and had a great impact. The drama mainly depicts a series of stories of wits and courage that occurred during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, when Liu Yong and He Yan were in the imperial court, in the people, and in personal private affairs. "Prime Minister Liu Luoguo" these 5 words are wrong 4, of course, this drama at the beginning of the "not history" signboard, we today with the purpose of restoring the historical truth, to interpret Liu Yong.
The title of the TV series "Liu Yong is called the prime minister" is wrong, revealing the development process of the prime minister
Zai chancellor is a title of official position in Chinese history. The true meaning of the official name is in the Liao Dynasty, and it is limited to the Liao Dynasty. Zai is the master, and the phase is the auxiliary. The prime minister first originated in the Spring and Autumn Period, and the first outstanding prime minister in China was Guan Zhong. From the Spring and Autumn Period onwards, the title of Prime Minister was constantly changed, with Xia Shang being called Wu Shi, Western Zhou Chunqiu being called Gongqing, and Warring States being called Prime Minister after the Warring States Period. In the Tang Dynasty, there were only three grades of prime ministers, and only two products in the Song Dynasty.
(Stills from the TV series "Prime Minister Liu Luoguo")
In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang imitated the Song Dynasty system and set up the Huagai Hall, the Zhensheng Hall, the Yingwu Hall, the Wenyuan Hall, the Dongge Hall and other university scholars. In the Ming Dynasty, if you did not add a scholar of the Imperial Pavilion, you could not enter the cabinet, and you could not be called a "prime minister" if you were not in the cabinet. In the thirteenth year of Hongwu (1380), according to the "Ancestral Training of the Emperor Ming",
Since the beginning of the Qin Dynasty, the Prime Minister has not been heeled, and the Han, Tang, and Song Dynasties have therefore, although there are virtuous ministers, but most of the people used in the meantime have the dictatorship of villains and chaos. I dismissed the chancellor, set up five governments, six ministries, the metropolitan court, the Department of Communications, the Dali Temple, and other yamen, divided the names of the world, led each other, and did not dare to suppress each other. When ping-pong heirs did not allow li and xiang, and the subordinates dared to play the role of the founder, the wen and wuqun ministers immediately played and were sentenced to severe punishment.
That is to say, in order to strengthen the imperial power, Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the chancellor through the case of Hu Weiyong's unauthorized power, that is to say, since Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the chancellor, there was no official position of chancellor. In the Qing Dynasty, Yongzheng set up the Military Aircraft Department and set up university scholars, and the official positions of these university scholars, known as "cardinals" or "Zaifu", were actually prime ministers. The title of the TV series "Zai Xiang Liu Luo Guo" is obviously wrong, and the history books record that Liu Yong co-founded a university scholar in Qianlong for fifty years, which is also equivalent to zai xiang, but the Qing Dynasty did not have the official position of zai chancellor.
(Liu Yong, played by Li Baotian in the TV series "Prime Minister Liu Luoguo")
Is Liu Yong's "Luo Pot" real or fake?
Liu Yong's "Liu Luo Pot" title, belongs to the artistic processing but does not conform to common sense, in ancient society there are four criteria for the selection of officials, "body, speech, book judgment", Liu Yong in the TV series, since he participated in the imperial examination, and also became an official in the examination, indicating that Liu Yong meets the criteria for selecting officials. Qing Dynasty electors paid special attention to the appearance of the candidates, and according to the system at that time, those who failed the three subjects should also choose the "big pick" section. This subject only deals with appearance, and the standard is "same, field, continuous, day, body, a, qi, and by" these eight words, and does not examine the article. These eight words are a metaphor for the size and appearance of a person. This proves that when Liu Yong was young, during the period of examination, Liu Yong was not a "Luo Pot", which was different from the influence of TV series shaping.
("Liu Luo Pot" tasting and drinking micro-drunk map)
Liu Yong's height can be found in Zhang Qifeng's article "Liu Yong Cong Kao", the corpse bone:
Liu Yong's brain shell is very large, twenty-five centimeters in circles. Large eggs can be placed in the eye socket. The calf bones are very long, more than half a meter long. The militia present estimated That Liu Yong to be between 1.95 and 2 meters tall. There is a lot of corduroy and charcoal ash in the tomb.
Extrapolating from Liu Yong's skeleton, Liu Yong showed no signs of hunchback before he died. This historical data proves that Liu Yong's height is still very high, and the history books record that the Jiaqing Emperor once called Liu Yong "Liu Hump", which shows that Liu Yong was indeed a bit hunchbacked, but when Jiaqing became emperor, Liu Yong was already more than 80 years old, and it was understandable to bend over.
The real Liu Yong in history, a prominent family, one door and three dukes, father and son are slaughtered together
Liu Yong (1720-1770), the character Chongru, the number of Shi'an, ancestral home of Anhui Yanshan, was born in Zhucheng, Shandong, Shandong Zhucheng Liu family was very prominent in the Qing Dynasty, from the Qianlong Emperor to the Jiaqing Emperor a total of 11 jinshi, 7 high-ranking officials of more than two pins. Liu Yong and his father Liu Tongxun were university scholars in the same dynasty during the Qianlong period. Liu Yong's nephew Liu Yongzhi (劉镮之) served as an official during the Jiaqing period and achieved Shangshu. After Liu Tongxun's death, his posthumous title was "Wenzheng", after Liu Yong's death, his posthumous title was "Wenqing", and Liu Yong's posthumous nickname was "Wengong", which is the origin of "one door and three dukes, father and son are slaughtered together".
(Liu Yong Peking Opera image)
Liu Tongxun successively served as a squire of the Punishment Department, Zuo Du Yushi, and Shangshu of the Ministry of Works, serving as a university scholar for 12 years, and Qianlong for 36 years, and was appointed as the first Military Aircraft Minister. Liu Tongxun was a clean and honest official, and did not seek selfish interests for himself. The Chronicle of Zhucheng County records that
"The family has tens of acres of land, a place in our house, and has served officials for more than 50 years, and has not increased its size."
Liu Tongxun also attached great importance to people's livelihood, and from the eleventh to eighteenth years of Qianlong, there were floods in the Yellow River and canals, and he personally commanded them. For the contributions made to the common people, the Qianlong Emperor spoke highly of "those who practiced to be dignified and honest, and whoever held the upright courtiers in an impartial manner rarely compared themselves, so whoever tried to judge the great prison, supervised the great projects, and ordered the commanders to go to the affairs, there was no rule."
Liu Yong was taught by his father to be a clean and honest official all his life, to serve as an official, and to benefit one party. In anhui and Jiangsu, Liu Yong inspected the bad habits of examinations and reformed the teaching plan. Cleaning up old cases in Taiyuan and judging cases in Jiangning were all loved by the common people and were called "Bao Longtu". Liu Yong's decades of official career are also uneven. He successively served as a prefect, an inspector, and a member of the University of The Imperial History of the Left Capital.
The biggest case handled by Liu Yong was to check the Shandong Inspector Guotai embezzlement case with He yan, when Liu Yong inspected the warehouse, he found that there was no shortage of treasury silver in the warehouse, Liu Yong carefully inspected the treasury silver, found that the color of the silver was different, and when further investigation, it was found that the silver of the business name borrowed by Cathay Pacific was counted. Liu Yong then posted a notice, demanding that all the merchants should not lend silver to the government, and the silver lent to the government should be quickly recovered, otherwise all the money would be confiscated, so that all the businesses would take the silver back, and the official treasury would be emptied, and Cathay had to confess. With the support of the Qianlong Emperor, Cathay was executed, and some bribery officials were removed from their posts and investigated.
(Real Liu Yong)
Summary: The reason why Liu Yong is called "Prime Minister Liu Luoguo" is because the people all know that Liu Yong is a clean and honest official, and many ordinary people do not know how old Liu Yong is. The common people believed that the official position of "Prime Minister" was the largest, and in addition to the Daoguang Emperor calling Liu Yong "Liu Hump", the folk rumors that "Prime Minister Liu Luoguo" came out. In addition to the portrayal of the TV series, Liu Yong has become "Liu Luo Pot". Ordinary people call Liu Yong "Liu Luo Pot", and do not demean Liu Yong's meaning, maybe Liu Luo Pot is more cordial!
Resources:
1. Zhang Qifeng, Liu Yong Cong Kao, 2003 edition
2. Wang Yezhu, from a historical question to see the right and wrong of the title of "Prime Minister Liu Luoguo"
3. Fu Shuqing, there is a rod scale between heaven and earth - the real "Luo Guo Zhuangyuan" Liu Yong
4. Zhu Yafei, One Gate and Three Dukes, Father and Son, 008th Edition, 2011