A few days ago, the history inn introduced the legendary story of Gaogang, and many readers and friends sighed that they did not expect that Gaogang had so many legendary experiences, both admiration and regret.
In the history of New China, Gaogang was tied to another name for a long time, that is, Rao Shushi, the famous "Gao Rao Incident".
Today, let's introduce the legendary life of Rao Shushi.
Rao Shushi was born in 1903 in Linchuan, Jiangxi, Linchuan is a famous "hometown of talents", out of Wang Anshi, Zeng Gong, Tang Xianzu, Yan Shu, Yan Several Dao, but also out of more than 730 jinshi, more than 1,000 people, Xiucai is even more numerous.
Rao Shushi's father, Rao Sicheng, is a talent, from a young age to Rao Shushi strict education, do not memorize today's book can not eat, wrong word can not be, so Rao Shushi from a young age to practice a very amazing memory, never forget.
Rao Sicheng hoped that his son could become a middle school teacher after graduating from college and stay away from the world's disputes, but Rao Shushi said: "Learning should be useful, being a teacher is naturally useful, but if you don't overthrow this old system of cannibalism, how many teachers are useless!" ”
His father tried to persuade him several times, but he was dumbfounded by him, and finally he had to follow him.
In 1929, the 26-year-old Rao Shushi was sent to the northeast to serve as the secretary of the Manchurian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, organizing several workers' strike movements that made the capitalists itch their teeth.
In April 1930, due to the betrayal of traitors, many leaders, including Rao Shushi, were arrested and imprisoned, including zhao Shangzhi, a famous anti-Japanese general.
After the reactionaries learned Rao Shushi's true identity, they were overjoyed and ordered that more valuable information must be pried out of Rao Shushi's mouth. The reactionaries exhausted all kinds of methods for Rao Shushi, promising high-ranking officials Houlu and inflicting all kinds of torture, but Rao Shushi never let go, and even the reactionaries could not help but praise: "I didn't think there were people with such hard bones in the world!" ”
However, praise was praised, because Rao Shushi's status was too high and his role was too great, and the reactionaries could not tolerate him, so they decided to shoot him.
At that time, in the northeast, still under the control of Zhang Xueliang, in order to rescue Rao Shushi and others, the organization sent people to lobby Zhang Xueliang, and Zhang Xueliang had also heard of Rao Shushi's name, so he said a sentence: "It is a pity to kill, but it is also difficult to release people, change it to life imprisonment." ”
At this time, Zhang Xueliang certainly did not expect that he himself would later be sentenced to "life imprisonment" by Chiang Kai-shek.
Some inmates said: "It is better to squat in prison for a lifetime than to give a shot." ”
But Rao Shushi was very happy and said: "When I die, there is nothing left, as long as I am alive, I can continue the revolution!" ”
Some people were puzzled and said, "How can you revolutionize in prison?" ”
Rao Shushi looked at the cell and said, "This is my battlefield!" ”
In prison, Rao Shushi often organizes fellow inmates to fight, and even hunger strikes, the conditions in prison are already poor, and it is even more unbearable not to eat, but every time he goes on a hunger strike, Rao Shushi is the first to take the lead.
In fact, Rao Shushi also knows that now the wind and clouds are surging outside, and various events are happening every day, full of various possibilities, so he will definitely not go to prison for a lifetime, and one day he will go out!
Sure enough, on September 18, 1931, the 918 Incident, which shocked China and foreign countries, took advantage of the chaos in the prison and escaped with the help of the organization.
In 1935, Rao Shushi was sent to study in the Soviet Union, during which he also attended the Seventh Congress of the Communist International, drafted the famous "August 1st Declaration", and later attended the World Anti-Aggression Congress held in London, England, actively publicized the Communist Party's anti-Japanese ideas overseas, and won a lot of assistance for the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army.
In 1939, Rao Shushi returned to China and was sent to the Southeast Bureau as deputy secretary.
At that time, the living environment of the New Fourth Army in the southeast region was very bad, surrounded by either areas controlled by Kuomintang reactionaries or occupied areas controlled by the Japanese puppet army, Rao Shushi became deputy secretary of the Southeast Bureau, began to carry out work, gradually, underground transportation stations were established one by one, sympathy and support for the New Fourth Army was also more and more, the New Fourth Army gradually gained a foothold in the southeast region, Rao Shushi was indispensable.
Because the New Fourth Army actively resisted Japan, it aroused the hatred of the Kuomintang reactionaries and decided to eliminate the New Fourth Army. Chiang Kai-shek ordered the New Fourth Army to go north, and Xiang Ying, deputy commander of the New Fourth Army, and others suddenly could not find them, because the commander Ye Ting was not a party member, and some people in the New Fourth Army did not listen to Ye Ting's words. If Commander Ye had coveted glory and wealth and had already followed Chiang Kai-shek, why would he have suffered with the New Fourth Army? I stood with Commander Ye and carried it together when something happened! ”
Then, Rao Shushi sent a telegram to Yan'an under the name of "Xiao Yao," and Chairman Mao called back: "I hope that the whole army will completely obey the command of Commander Ye junzhi and Rao Shushi, a member of the Southeast Bureau and Army Branch, and that Rao Shushi will be in charge politically, and that Ye Ting will be responsible for carrying out the task of moving northward, breaking the encirclement of the diehards, and successfully moving to the south and north of Jiangsu." ”
So, why is Rao Shushi called "Xiao Yao"? Here's a quick explanation.
Rao Shushi's surname reads "ráo", but this word is not easy to read, especially in various dialects, often pronounced "Yao", coupled with Rao Shushi's young age, everyone calls him "Xiao Yao".
However, Rao Shushi did not like this nickname at first, and deliberately grew a big beard, saying that I am not small now, and don't call me "Xiao Yao" anymore.
However, sometimes the more you cover up, the more others care, and later Rao Shushi was relieved, and even took "Xiao Yao" as his pen name and published many articles.
After the Anhui Incident, the New Fourth Army was heavily surrounded by the Kuomintang troops, and many people thought that they should fight with death, but Rao Shushi said: "Death is useless, we should use Xiyi (Ye Ting's word) relations with the Kuomintang to negotiate with Gu Zhutong to preserve the vitality of the New Fourth Army as much as possible." ”
Under the strong persuasion of Rao Shushi, Ye Ting finally agreed, but no one expected that Ye Ting would be detained by Gu Zhutong after he came down from the mountain.
Rao Shushi was also almost caught in the Anhui Incident, when he was stopped by a group of Kuomintang soldiers and asked if he was the New Fourth Army. Rao Shushi is a southerner who looks like an overseas Chinese, and often some people regard him as an overseas Chinese, so Rao Shushi took the opportunity to move and said: "I am an overseas Chinese from Southeast Asia, who returned to China to resist Japan, and I have only been in the New Fourth Army for a few months, and I don't know who the commander of the New Fourth Army is." ”
As Rao Shushi spoke, he took out a gold ring and a handful of silver dollars and stuffed them into the hands of the leader of the Kuomintang army. The leader saw that he had an extraordinary temperament, indeed looked like an overseas Chinese, and accepted his heavy gifts, so he said to his subordinates: "Everyone has the responsibility to resist Japan, and we must protect Mr. Good as he goes down the mountain." After saying that, he also wrote a road note for Rao Shushi and sent someone to send him down the mountain.
In this way, Rao Shushi escaped from the encirclement of the Kuomintang army without any danger.
After the Anhui Incident, the New Fourth Army was rebuilt, Chen Yi served as the commander, Liu Shaoqi served as the political commissar, and later after Liu Shaoqi returned to Yan'an, Rao Shushi acted as the political commissar of the New Fourth Army.
However, Liu Shaoqi was worried that Rao Shushi and Chen Yi would not be able to work together, so he called the two over and talked to them in a serious tone, hoping that they would put the overall situation first, cooperate with each other, and not have the same contradictions as Ye Ting and Xiang Ying.
Mr. Chen has a bold personality, treats people sincerely, and cannot hide things on his face, while Rao Shushi's personality is calm and low-key, and he will not easily express his position when encountering anything, Liu Shaoqi is not worried about Chen Yi, but is a little worried about Rao Shushi, so he said to Rao Shushi: "Xiao Yao, in the Central China Bureau, you are the leader, but in the New Fourth Army, let Chen Yi shoulder the military burden, and you will assist by the side." Chen Yi is two years older than you, is your big brother, and asks him for advice when things happen. ”
Rao Shushi promised to be very cheerful, saying that he would do a good job of green leaves, assisting General Manager Chen in setting up the New Fourth Army, and saying: "It is my honor in this life that I can work with Commander Chen." ”
Under the leadership of Mr. Chen and Rao Shushi, the New Fourth Army developed rapidly, and by the time of the victory of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in 1945, the New Fourth Army had more than 300,000 regular troops and more than 1 million militia troops, with bases in jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hubei, and Henan provinces.
During the Liberation War, Rao Shushi served as the secretary of the East China Bureau and the political commissar of the East China Military Region, and became the number one in East China, and the reason why the East China Field Army was able to fight so many victorious battles was inseparable from Rao Shushi's merits.
Especially during the Huaihai Campaign, although Rao Shushi was not a member of the General Front Committee of the Huaihai Campaign, he shouldered more onerous logistical tasks, including logistical support, replenishment of soldiers, prisoner arrangements, intelligence gathering, etc.
According to statistics, during the Huaihai Campaign, more than 5 million migrant workers were mobilized in East China and 960 million catties of grain were raised, which greatly guaranteed the logistical supply of the Huaihai Campaign.
Therefore, after the huaihai campaign, Mr. Chen said affectionately: "The victory in the Huaihai campaign was pushed out by the masses of the people with a cart!" Among them, it is naturally inseparable from the credit of Rao Shushi, secretary of the East China Bureau.
In daily life, Rao Shushi is also commendable, not smoking, not drinking, and never participating in banquets.
Once, the East China Bureau divided the house, and Rao Shushi, as the head of the East China Bureau, insisted on the last point, and after everyone was assigned to the house, he moved into a very inconspicuous small house.
In 1945, after our army liberated Nanchang, Chen Geng learned that Rao Shushi's father, Rao Sicheng, lived in Nanchang, so he made a special visit to the door and said that if your family had any difficulties, they could raise them, and if they could solve them, they would try to solve them.
Rao Sicheng said that there was no difficulty, but he hoped to arrange a job for his young daughter in Shanghai.
At that time, Rao Shushi was also concurrently serving as the secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, and it was reasonable to say that such a request was too easy, but after Rao Shushi heard about it, he wrote a letter to his father, saying that I was the secretary of the Shanghai people, not the secretary of our Rao family, and such a request should not be mentioned again.
Of course, Rao Shushi did not forget his sister, so he recommended her to study at the Revolutionary University, and after learning the knowledge, he became self-reliant.
Once, my sister went to Rao Shushi's house and said that her pen was old and wanted her brother to change one for her. At that time, Rao Shushi was working, so he handed the pen in his hand to his sister. When my sister looked at it, it turned out that my brother's pen was older than her own, but my brother was still using it, and she couldn't speak at once.
Rao Shushi said to her: "Now the country is still very difficult, can save the province, who said that the pen can not be used when it is old?" Learning is good or bad has nothing to do with the pen, and in the future, we must focus more on learning and do not compare with others. ”
But unfortunately, later because of the "Gao Rao Incident", Rao Shushi was criticized, and his status plummeted.
In 1965, Rao Shushi was sentenced to 14 years in prison for the "Pan Hannian case".
On March 2, 1975, Rao Shushi died of illness in prison at the age of 72.