We read all the lead to present a different history. Since Mulan was generally positioned as a Xianbei woman in the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Sinicization of Mulan's story from the Sui and Tang Dynasties onwards, such as the description of "Yellow On the Mirror Appliqué", caused some groups to issue many unpleasant criticisms. But unlike the nomadic women they imagined how brave and good at war, in ancient times, I am afraid that Han women were more martial.
The Mulan Ci we see was modified by the Sui and Tang dynasties, and it is actually barely reasonable to say that it is a contemporary matter of writing about the revision. So, during the Sixteen Kingdoms Southern and Northern Dynasties era, the Xianbei clan really had many brave and good warlike female warriors, which could be used as the prototype of Mulan? I would like to say sorry here, this is really not. Although there were some heroic deeds of women in the early Northern Wei Dynasty, they are listed here, such as in the Daiguo era, when Empress Wang of Pingwen hid her son Tuoba Shiyi in the crotch of her pants, allowing her to survive civil unrest. In order to protect her son Tuoba Jue, Empress Xianming asked Liu Xian, the leader of Tuoba Jue's lonely clan, to drink and sleep with tuoba to buy time for Tuoba Jue to escape... In addition, murong Xianbei's Murong Chui, after fleeing to Former Qin, also relied on his wife Xiao Duanshi to serve Jian Jian, and only then did he get zhi zhi's appointment. The deeds of the humble woman's wisdom and courage are roughly so.
One of the important prototypes of Mulan, Li Bo's younger sister Li Yongrong, is a Han Chinese. The Northern Dynasty Lefu "Li Bo Little Sister Song": "Li Bo's little sister is graceful, the skirt is like a roll, and the left shot and the right shot will be stacked." Women are still like this, men are safe! "The early texts of the Mulan Ci appeared at roughly the same time as they appeared, and it is impossible not to be affected.
You officials should be strange, nomadic women herd sheep and horses, the body is generally more robust, many will also learn some martial arts, how come there are very few female warriors? In fact, the emergence of female warriors really has little to do with whether women are strong or not, and it has the most to do with the status of women's rights.
The Han people are an agrarian people, the culture is prosperous, and there are indeed many weak women, but the population base is large, and there are always some who practice martial arts. Even the Chen Junxie clan, known for its nobility, and Xie Xuan's sister, Ms. Xie Daoyun, were also martial arts masters, and not only had Yong Shu but also had a good sword technique. At the time of Sun En's rebellion, Xie Daoyun was already an old lady who was a grandmother, still killing several rebels, and after being captured, the rebel leader Sun En also respected his courage and released him.
And the nomads? This is discussed on a case-by-case basis. The nomadic peoples to the west do have some tribal women of higher status, known as female warriors. For example, the legend of the Amazon female warrior appeared among the Scythians of the Ukrainian steppes, and among the Masagataeans of Central Asia, there was also Queen Tomiris, who killed Cyrus. In addition, as a nomadic viking, the Vikings are also known for their feminism, with the famous Viking Shield Woman, and the imaginative Valgili Sister in Norse mythology...
But this does not apply to East Asia. Among the nomadic peoples of the Mongolian plateau, the status of women is very low, and they are regarded as the property of men, and men will also shame women on the battlefield. In the Battle of Zhizhicheng, Zhi Zhidan, who was trapped in the battle of the beasts, had dozens of ladies shoot at the Han army with bows, which was an extreme practice, and under normal circumstances, the Xiongnu had no record of women participating in the war. Moreover, the Fu clans of Zhi Zhidan yu did not perform well in the Battle of Zhizhicheng, and the result of the confrontation with the Han army was that "the ladies died a lot".
After all, in Chinese history, most nomadic peoples were very reluctant to participate in politics by women (the Xiongnu and Turks were very obvious, and the Khitan and Mongols were much better), and women on the battlefield and even as generals to lead troops were obviously difficult for steppe men who practiced extreme machismo to tolerate. In their eyes, even if a woman is strong and even skilled in martial arts, she is just a tool for men to have children, and if a man dies unfortunately, he must marry a man's brother or son. The Chinese nation has a tradition of female participation in politics and leading soldiers from the beginning of the Shang Queen's wife, so the existence of female heroes such as Princess Pingyang, Liang Hongyu, and Qin Liangyu will not make men feel humiliated, but will be cited as a good story.
Historically, in addition to a few barbarians who have a tradition of higher female status, women's streaks on the battlefield or in politics are often a symbol of civilization. Just as France, where Joan of Arc was born, it was also a model of civilization in Europe at that time. The birth of the Mulan Ci and its transmission in Chinese form are the embodiment of the fusion of Hu and Han cultures, but this fusion is based on the admiration of Han culture by foreign nationalities and the Sinicization of the main body. The author speculates that Emperor Yuanhong of Xiaowen saw the boldness and charm of Han women from his grandmother Empress Feng, and only under the influence of his grandmother did he make a determination to fully sinicize?
Wei Shu Vol. XIII Liechuan No. 1: Ping Wen Beng, Zhao Cheng in swaddling. When the country has internal difficulties, it will harm the princes. Emperor Hou was in his pants, afraid of people's knowledge, and cursed: "If The Heavenly Ancestor is not finished, Ru will be silent." "For a long time, he did not cry, and he was spared." "Wei Shu, Vol. XIII, Liechuan No. 1": Later Liu Xianren made people kill Taizu, and Emperor Gu became the wife of Xian's brother Kang Ni, who knew it, and after secretly informing him, Liang Juan also came to complain. Later, he ordered Taizu to go. After the night drink appears to be drunk. Xiang Chen, so the horses in the stables, the apparent look at the horses. After weeping, he said, "All my sons were here, and now they are all lost." Who killed ru and so on? "Therefore, it is obvious that it will not make a quick pursuit." Taizu went to the Helan Ministry, but the group did not return to it. Later, from his brother, he went to the adult, raised his followers, and made offerings to the fullest. Anger will be done. After the night, he ran to the mud house and hid in the car for three days. Please save the room, but you will be spared. Liu Xianbu will be in chaos, and he will return to his death. The Sixteen Kingdoms of Spring and Autumn, Former Qin, and the Biography of Zhao Zhen: In Jianyuan, Murong Chui's wife Duan Shi was fortunate to be able to travel with jian, and Jian traveled with him in the backyard. The whole song is based on the clouds of the tune: "I don't see the birds coming into the swallow room, but I see the floating clouds obscuring the day." Jian changed rong xiezhi and ordered his wife to step down. "Jin Shu Lienu Biography": And after being troubled by Sun En, he raised his house to be self-assured, and when he heard that his husband and sons had been killed by thieves, Fang ordered his concubine to go out with a blade on his shoulder. The rebels came a little, and they killed several people by hand, but they were captured. His grandson Liu Tao was a few years old at the time, and the thief wanted to harm him, dao yun said: "The matter is in the king's gate, why close his clan!" If so, it is better to see and kill first. "Although grace is poisonous and abusive, it is not harmful to Tao. "Hanshu Chen Tanglie Biography": Shan Yu Nai was upstairs, and dozens of zhu Fu's wives shot outsiders with bows. Outsiders shot Shan in the nose, and the ladies died.