Jincun unearthed the Eastern Zhou Twisted Silk Scroll Jade Dragon Pei
China's modern history is a history of humiliation and oppression, as well as a history of Chinese people rising up to fight, spanning 109 years from 1840 to 1949.
Throughout the five thousand years of Chinese civilization, the loss of Chinese cultural relics overseas, the vast majority of which occurred in this period, according to incomplete statistics, the number of Chinese cultural relics lost in exotic countries in this hundred years is as high as 10 million pieces!
Jincun unearthed the Eastern Zhou Dragon Tiger Jade Belt Hook
When it comes to the martyrdom of modern Chinese cultural relics, the largest scale of excavation, the highest level of cultural relics and the largest number of cultural relics is the excavation and loss of cultural relics of the eight Eastern Zhou King's Tombs in Luoyang Jincun, Henan Province.
1928 was an eventful autumn in modern China, a year in which the territory of Henan was even more fraught with war, and in April of that year, the Feng army of the warlord Zhang Zuolin began to attack Henan, and Feng Yuxiang, then chairman of Henan Province, sent Han Fuyu to lead troops to resist the Feng army, and the two sides launched a fierce battle. The continuous fighting has seriously disrupted and undermined the normal order of local political, economic and social life.
It was in this context that in the summer and autumn of 1928, the Tombs of eastern Zhou kings and noble tombs were discovered in Jincun, located near the ancient city of Han and Wei in Luoyang, Henan.
Luoyang Jincun Eastern Zhou King Mausoleum Site
With the discovery of the Tomb of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, a large number of domestic antique dealers were attracted, these cultural scum with the ability to appreciate cultural relics and were familiar with the process of cultural relics trading, immediately realized the huge wealth buried under their feet, under their instigation and encouragement, they quickly gathered a group of desperate outlaws, so a large-scale, organized, long-term excavation of cultural relics began.
In the five years from 1928 to 1932, they excavated 8 tombs of the Eastern Zhou Kings and unearthed thousands of cultural relics.
These precious cultural relics were first transported by thieves to Luoyang, Kaifeng and other places by horse-drawn carriage, and then looked for the highest bidding foreign buyers, and then transferred them abroad after the transaction was completed.
Jincun unearthed Eastern Zhou bronze wrong gold and silver covers
Jincun excavated Eastern Zhou bronze wrong gold and silver cover (partial)
One of the biggest buyers of Golden Village artifacts is a Canadian named Huai Luguang.
Various sources, including Huai Luguang's own writings, show that although he was a Canadian Episcopal Missionary, he had been commissioned by the Royal Ontario Museum of Canada before the Golden Village stole the treasure, thus possessing another secret identity that is not known, that is, the cultural relics agent of the Royal Ontario Museum.
His main task was to collect and purchase cultural relics in China, and the funds for his activities in China were provided by the Royal Museum.
Carry the light
A considerable number of Jincun artifacts flowed to the Royal Ontario Museum of Canada through the hands of Huai Luguang, and even Huai Luguang became the first director of the East Asian Department of the museum and the first dean of the Chinese College of the University of Toronto.
So under the vigorous promotion of foreign cultural relics donors such as Huai Luguang, in a few years, these precious Eastern Zhou national treasures were swept away.
Jincun unearthed a pair of Eastern Zhou bronze wrong gold and silver dragon-shaped hooks
Jincun excavated Eastern Zhou bronze wrong gold and silver dragon shape hook part
At present, only three pieces of Jincun Dading, wrong gold copper ruler and life melon pot are left in China, which are hidden in luoyang museums, Nanjing University and Tsinghua University, and the rest are looted and left without pieces of armor.
The exquisite cultural relics unearthed from the Tomb of the Eastern Zhou King in Jincun are unimaginable, and these breathtaking imperial-level national treasures are the burial utensils of the Eastern Zhou Tianzi and the highest level of artistic treasures of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, which can be called textbook classics.
Jincun unearthed eastern Zhou as jinfeng jade
Jincun unearthed Eastern Zhou as Jin Feng Yu Jie (partial)
As a Chinese jade lover, from the beginning of learning jade knowledge, the author has deeply felt the great charm of Jincun Dongzhou jade.
These textbook-style classic jades not only represent the highest grade of Eastern Zhou jade, with high ornamental value and cultural relics value, but also carry huge historical and cultural information of the Eastern Zhou Period, and are irreplaceable important cultural relics for the study of the history and culture of eastern Zhou.
Jincun unearthed Eastern Zhou jade dancers
One of the main planners of the Golden Village treasure theft, the Canadian, Huai Luguang, under the guise of a missionary, has spent several years buying the cultural relics of the Golden Village at a very low price, but even if the price is extremely low, it also cost hundreds of thousands of yuan, which shows the huge number of cultural relics it has acquired.
In this way, in the five years from 1928 to 1932, 8 Tombs of the Eastern Zhou Kings in Luoyang Jincun were excavated one after another, and thousands of Eastern Zhou Tianzi were scattered around the world with burial treasures.
The Eastern Zhou jade comb was unearthed in Jincun
As we all know, the Chinese civilization is the only great civilization in the world that has not been interrupted and continues to this day, and China has the longest history and the most splendid culture, but it is unimaginable that China is not a big country of cultural relics!
Earlier we mentioned that during the period of China's modern semi-colonial and semi-feudal history, the old China was poor and weak and had no time to take care of itself, which led to the imperialist powers snatching away a large number of precious historical and cultural relics from China, and in just over a hundred years, China lost more than 10 million precious cultural relics.
Jincun unearthed a standing statue of a silver figure from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty
According to the data of China's National Cultural Relics Census, as of December 31, 2005, the total number of cultural relics registered in cultural relics units and major museums nationwide totaled more than 12 million, and the Palace Museum in Beijing, China's largest cultural relics unit, only had more than 1.6 million cultural relics in its collection.
However, compared with the United States, an immigrant country with a history of only more than 200 years, the number of cultural relics collected by the Smithsonian Museum in the United States alone is as high as 130 million pieces, which is more than 10 times higher than the total collection of cultural relics in China, including a large number of precious ancient Chinese cultural relics, and they are all scattered in modern China.
Jincun unearthed Eastern Zhou bronze wrong silver bird shaped oil lamp lamp 1
Jincun unearthed Eastern Zhou bronze wrong silver bird shape oil lamp 2
Jincun unearthed Eastern Zhou bronze wrong silver bird shape oil lamp part
Many national treasure-level cultural relics excavated from the tombs of the Eastern Zhou Kings in Jincun have fallen into the hands of museums and private collectors in Canada, the United States, Japan, France, Sweden and other countries.
I believe that every Chinese will feel extremely sad after learning the truth of this unforgettable history.
Although culture has no borders and knowledge does not distinguish between nationalities, cultural heritage must have sovereign states, cultural sovereignty is also an inseparable part of national sovereignty, and the disdainful behavior of the great powers in plundering and defrauding cultural relics during the war is a serious infringement on the national interests of the country where cultural relics belong.
Jincun unearthed the Eastern Zhou Dragon Head Jade Belt Hook
The loss of cultural relics from the Tomb of the Eastern Zhou King in Luoyang Jincun has directly led to the lack and blankness of many contents on the history of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in archaeological research, and it is still difficult to improve the system, so the so-called cultural relics loss is a cultural plunder in disguise!
These painful historical lessons further remind us today that when facing China's traditional culture and precious historical relics, we must be in awe, cherish and cherish.
Here are some of the national treasures of Jincun scattered around the world, let's enjoy it.
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