In 1927, japan had a financial crisis, coupled with the instability of the political situation, the armsist Yoshiichi Tanaka came to power and established the strategy of using Manchuria and Mongolia as a base for aggression and expansion, and in order to realize this strategy of aggression against China, in the spring of 1931, the Japanese army began to continuously create incidents in northeast China, and the occurrence of the Wanbaoshan Incident and the Nakamura Incident directly led to the "918 Incident".
The Mont Manbao Incident
On April 1, 1931, Hao Yongde, the manager of the Changnong Rice Field Company, a joint venture with Japan and North Korea Ronin, leased about 3,500 mu of land in the Wanbaoshan area, 30 kilometers north of Changchun County, Jilin Province, with a validity period of 10 years.
It also explained that the contract took effect immediately after being approved by the Changchun county government, but in the end, without approval, Hao Yongde subleased the land to North Korean farmers who had wandered to the northeast.
In order to guide the water of the Yitong River into the fields, North Korean farmers built dams at the Majia checkpoint to intercept the flow, and also forcibly dug canals on the land of Chinese farmers, which seriously damaged the interests of local farmers.
Under the circumstance that the victimized peasants could not bear it, they directly requested the local government to intervene to stop it, and the Changchun County government sent people to advise the Korean peasants to stop the work immediately, while the Korean peasants claimed that they were instructed by the Japanese.
The point is that he also sent armed Japanese police to protect the Korean peasants and ensure their smooth construction.
Verbal persuasion is useless, the victims of the Chinese peasants spontaneously filled in a section of the diversion canal, but soon after the work of the channel was carried out, Yoshiharu Nakagawa, director of the police station of the Japanese Consulate in Changchun, rushed to the construction site of the flat canal and argued with the local peasant representative Sun Rongqing, in the process of arguing, Sun Rongqing angered Nakagawa, Nakagawa asked the Japanese police who followed him to tie up Sun Rongqing, the surrounding Chinese peasants saw that the situation was not good, united and rushed forward, snatched Sun Rongqing back from the Japanese, Nakagawa ordered the shooting. Several Chinese farmers were killed, dozens were injured, and more than a dozen arrested.
What is even more infuriating is that the Japanese newspaper deliberately fabricated facts and took this opportunity to instigate anti-Chinese incidents in North Korea, saying that China was crowding out Koreans, and then the North Korean people's hatred of China was aroused, and in Seoul, North Korea, and Pyongyang, some large-scale anti-Chinese campaigns took place, resulting in the killing of 142 Chinese expatriates, the injury of more than 500 people, and the forced return of nearly 50,000 people.
I thought that the Japanese side would end up with such a goal, but it did not, and in order to continue to expand the situation, Japan still made a big fuss about the Wanbaoshan incident.
The Japanese government held a cabinet meeting, which included increasing the anti-Chinese sentiment of the Koreans, in addition
Additional troops must be sent to Manchuria and Korea.
On July 15, 1931, the Japanese Consul General in Shenyang, Hayashi Kujiro, visited Zhang Zuoxiang, chairman of the Jilin Provincial Government, to negotiate the Wanbaoshan Incident, and Hayashi Kujiro proposed:
Demand that the Chinese government compensate the Losses Caused by the Wanbaoshan Incident.
It is necessary to protect the lives and property of the "Koreans" in Wanbaoshan.
Guarantee the free residence rights of "Koreans" in Jilin.
As long as the Chinese government recognizes that the Wanbao Shan Shuitian has been growing rice since the coming year, a series of "official constitutions" on the Japanese side will withdraw.
Then in this negotiation, the Japanese side's demands are simply unreasonable, so it is impossible to reach a consensus.
(Japanese police in the Manbaoshan incident)
Nakamura Incident
The Nakamura Incident occurred in Daxinganling, to the northeast, and in the spring of 1931, it was handed over by the secret service of the Japanese Kwantung Army
Kotaro Nakamura
A special task,
"Makeup" infiltrated the Hailar region of Inner Mongolia and the Taonan region of Jilin Province with the aim of:
Collect military intelligence on the Xing'an Tunken area.
Secretly contacted the local "pro-Japanese" Mongol princes to cooperate with the Japanese army to occupy.
Investigate the problems of water supply, supplies, camping, transportation that the Japanese army may encounter during the invasion.
From June 5, 1931, Nakamura was in charge
As a member or in name of the Tokyo Agricultural Society of the Empire of Japan, he came from Taonan to Qiqihar to conduct a "so-called" soil survey.
He was accompanied by Nobuntaro Isugi, a retired Japanese Kwantung Army cavalryman, and a guide and translator.
Nakamura Kwataro (left) and Nobugi Taro Wai (right)
The four men left Qiqihar on horseback, passed through Ang Ang Creek and The Waidu River, headed west to Hailar, then passed through Elek and went south, over the Solon Mountains, straight to Ulanhot (known as the Wangye Temple during the Republic of China period), ready to meet another agent in Taonan.
On June 25, 1931, Nakamura and his party were discovered by the sentries of the third regiment and one battalion and three companies of the Xing'an Tunken District Office, and saw the sneaky actions of these four people, and then the company commander Ning Wenlong rushed to the scene with a squad of soldiers and forced Nakamura's party to stop with a gun.
Nakamura told Ning Wenlong that he was from the Japan Agricultural Society and went to the northeast to conduct soil surveys.
After saying that he took out a bag of heroin from his bag and handed over his passport, Ning Wenlong looked at the passport, and then looked up at these four people, all of whom looked like they didn't care.
It's not like a scientist doing soil surveys at all.
Therefore, Ning Wenlong suspected that these four people might be well-trained Japanese soldiers, in order to find out the ins and outs of the four people.
Ning Wenlong first brought the four people back to the regimental headquarters and detained them on the grounds that they had not entered the Xing'an Tunken District.
Nakamura's face changed drastically when he heard this, and he scolded At Ning Wenlong: "Big bastard, we are big Japanese nationals, let us go."
Ning Wenlong saw Nakamura cursing, ordered the soldiers to tie up Nakamura and his party, and escorted them back to the regimental headquarters, hearing that several Japanese had been captured, and Guan Yuheng, the third regimental commander who was practicing outside, hurried back to the regimental headquarters, and to Guan Yuheng's surprise, these four people actually carried weapons with them, and they searched out Nakamura's group
A military telescope, a Type 38 carbine and other military weapons, as well as two "maps" and three table books,
The doubts on the two maps are obvious,
The same location on both maps has traces of pencil sketches.
In addition, the three table books recorded the population, property, and military and civilian distribution in some places, and what was important was that they also recorded the distribution of troops in the Xing'an Tunken District, the number of officers and soldiers, the location where the troops were stationed, and so on, which were completely clearly recorded.
(Guan Yuheng)
Guan Yuheng first interrogated Nakamura, and no matter what questions he asked, Nakamura refused to answer on the grounds that he did not speak Chinese, but this did not bother Guan Yuheng, and then he switched to Japanese for interrogation.
Q: What mission did you go to the Northeast to perform, and what was your purpose?
Nakamura answered: Investigate the soil, investigate agriculture...
Q: Why carry weapons and military maps and also collect military intelligence!
This question was a question for Nakamura, and he pretended to refuse to answer, and the interrogation had to be stopped.
Then there is the interrogation of Isugi Nobutaro.
Insugi Nontaro, a timid and fearful man, looked at the officers standing around, began to panic, and then told the truth.
It was confirmed that Nakamura was a lieutenant in the Japanese Army, and that he was Nakamura's assistant, tasked with gathering intelligence and preparing for an invasion.
Now that the evidence is conclusive and all the mysteries have been uncovered, how to deal with it!
Disposal is also a difficult problem,
If Nakamura is killed, once the wind leaks, the Japanese will definitely have a big move, the consequences are unimaginable, if Nakamura is released, it is to let the tiger return to the mountain.
In order to make a decision as soon as possible, Guan Yuheng convened a meeting of officers above the company level, and the content of the meeting was how to deal with Nakamura, and finally came to a conclusion.
Nakamura can be executed in secret, but only on the condition that Nakamura confess his guilt.
After that, Guan Yuheng decided to try Nakamura in the second instance.
During this interrogation, Nakamura was still very arrogant, not knowing that he was dying, and during the period he tried to grab the soldier's gun to resist, but was beaten by the officers and soldiers, after which the officers and soldiers pointed a rifle at Nakamura, and Nakamura was frightened to confess his crime.
Nakamura looked at the three beam watches on his hand, it was already late at night, and it was the last program.
Let Nakamura sign the confession,
Nakamura knew that he would die if he signed it, so he took advantage of the fact that the officers and soldiers were not paying attention, and punched the officer standing next to him, and in the process, his three beam watches flew down to the door and were picked up by Li Debao, the director of the three companies, and then Nakamura was knocked unconscious by the officers and soldiers.
At 00:00 on June 27, 1931, Nakamura and his party were executed by firing squad.
After that, Guan Yuheng gave instructions to Zhang Xueliang, and Zhang Xueliang asked Guan Yuheng to keep it a secret.
However, things did not go as expected, and the three-beam watch that Li Debao picked up was eventually discovered by the Japanese, and they also knew that Nakamura had been executed, so he used the Nakamura incident to start threatening the Chinese government.
After that, Guan Yuheng was taken to Shenyang for protection, and then announced that Guan Yuheng had been arrested and awaited disposal.
On September 18, 1931, the Japanese army suddenly launched an attack on the Northeast Army's camp in Shenyang, shelling the city of Shenyang, and impressing the 918 Incident.
The reason why Japan launched the 918 Incident was the Wanbaoshan Incident and the Nakamura Incident, which directly caused the incident
Before the Nakamura incident, Japan had been looking for an excuse for armed aggression against China, and the execution of Nakamura and his party was the most direct reason for invading China.