Author: Guangdong Pharmaceutical Association, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Gan Li
Prediabetes is usually detected during diabetes screening and is a transitional phase before the onset of diabetes, an intermediate hyperglycemia state between normal blood glucose and diabetes. According to statistics, the prevalence of prediabetes in China is 15.5%, about 148 million people. There are more people diagnosed with diabetes than there are people diagnosed with diabetes. This means that diabetes will develop during this period, but it can also be reversed if positive and effective interventions are taken.
People in the pre-diabetic period are the key prevention groups, how to control blood sugar and avoid developing diabetes.
Remember these three tricks:
First trick: control your weight
Obesity is one of the main causes of diabetes.
In prediabetes, all obese or overweight individuals who develop or are at risk of developing diabetes should lose weight. Obese patients, due to excessive intake in the diet, at this time the body's insulin resistance weakens, excess sugar can not be excreted from the body, resulting in an increase in blood sugar. Therefore, such patients should actively lose weight, lose 5% to 10% of their weight and maintain a healthy level for a long time.
The second trick: lifestyle changes
People in this period, usually the daily diet structure is unreasonable, need to make adjustments. First, a reasonable dietary arrangement is developed, which can safely and effectively reduce the risk of blood glucose and cardiovascular disease, and is suitable for all pre-diabetic people. as:
1. A low-carbohydrate diet (such as whole grains) is conducive to blood sugar control;
2. High dietary fiber (such as vegetables and fruits) can prolong the emptying time of the stomach and delay the digestion and absorption of glucose;
3. Increasing the intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (such as fish, especially fish oil) and whey protein can help improve glucose metabolism;
4, low salt abstinence, 6g of salt per day. Exactly one beer bottle cap, equivalent to the size of a one-dollar coin. Secondly, postprandial exercise is usually performed about 45 minutes after a meal. Choose aerobic exercise (e.g. jogging, swimming, brisk walking, cycling, etc.) for no less than 30 minutes at a time.
The third trick: hypoglycemic drugs
For example, after dietary adjustment, weight loss, exercise, etc., blood sugar has not yet reached the target value, you can take some drugs to help lower sugar.
Hypoglycemic drugs include acarbose and metformin. If metformin and acarbose interventions are ineffective, thiazolidinediones (e.g., pioglitazone) may also be selected.
People in pre-diabetes are recommended to check blood glucose once every 6 months, monitor blood sugar fluctuations, and do not produce psychological pressure, self-correct view, actively adjust the mentality, blood sugar will be controlled and returned to normal.
Review expert: Guangdong Pharmaceutical Association, Director Wei Li, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
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