The so-called overseers refer to the military and political chiefs of a province in the early republic of China. After the Xinhai Revolution, the military and political chiefs of the provinces were called the governors, and later the military and civilian division was implemented, and the governors were in charge of the military, and the civil affairs chiefs managed the government affairs. After Yuan Shikai's death, dudu was renamed as an overseer, and later used the name of supervising military affairs and aftermath. However, the changes are not far from their ancestors, and the overseers at that time were basically warlords who divided a province, monopolized military and political power, and had great prestige.
However, it is not certain how many troops the Overseers have under them. This is first of all because the warlords divide the localities, and the Beiyang government ignores nothing except its own concubines. Warlords in various places can only raise military expenses on their own, so the number of overseers in different provinces varies.
The second is that although the Overseer says that it manages the military and political affairs of a province, if a military group in the province is relatively strong, then it can divide one side and ignore the Overseer, then the Overseer can control fewer troops.
Therefore, during the Republic of China period, the troops under the jurisdiction of a provincial overseer came and went a lot, and we can only give a few random examples to see: Shanxi
Yan Xishan occupied Shanxi since the Xinhai Revolution, and successively relied on Yuan Shikai, Duan Qirui and others, and gradually controlled the military and political power in Shanxi. By the time of the Zhifeng War, Yan Xishan had 12 brigades in Shanxi, all of which were led by Yan Xishan's confidants, totaling about 70,000 people.
Jiangsu
When Jiangsu was in office with Feng Guozhang, although there were 2 divisions and 3 brigades in name, because of Yuan Shikai's suppression, the real number was only 13,000. After Li Chun took charge of Jiangsu, the number of troops in Jiangsu began to increase gradually, and the number of troops in Jiangsu began to increase. By the time Qi Xieyuan was the overseer of the Zhifeng War, Jiangsu had a total of 60,000 troops, including the 6th Division, the 19th Division, the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Divisions of Jiangsu, and 5 mixed brigades.
chekiang
During Lu Yongxiang's tenure as the overseer of Zhejiang, he also served as an envoy to the Songhu Protectorate and also managed Shanghai. Before the Jiangsu-Zhejiang War, Lu Yongxiang's troops, in addition to the original central 4th Division, 10th Division, Zhejiang 1st Division, 2nd Division and other units, also from Fujian to defect to his Zang Zhiping Department, a total of about 40,000 people.
The above examples are all real power overseers, who are in charge of their own troops, and everything is up to themselves. Let's take a few more examples of overseers who cannot control the province. Directly affiliated
When Wang Chengbin was serving as a directly subordinate overseer, because Wu Peifu said that the overseer could not concurrently serve as the commander of the troops, he was dismissed from the post of commander of the 23rd Division. At this time, the 65,000 people in the direct subordinate departments were directly under cao kun's jurisdiction, and Feng Yuxiang's 35,000 troops and More than 10,000 of Hu Jingyi's more than 10,000 people were also under his control. Therefore, although there are as many as 110,000 garrisons directly under him, Wang Chengbin is a light rod commander, and he is very unhappy as an overseer.
After the Second Zhifeng War, the direct line was defeated and retreated, and Li Jinglin was appointed as the direct subordinate supervisor, and he had two divisions, 5 mixed brigades, and 3 supplementary brigades, totaling more than 60,000 people. However, between Beijing and Shanhaiguan at this time, there were 75,000 people under the headquarters of Zhang Xueliang and Guo Songling's Beijing Yu garrison, and More than 40,000 of Feng Yuxiang's Nationalist Army in Beijing. Therefore, he was also unable to manage the province directly, and of the 180,000 troops directly under his command, he could only manage 1/3.
Henan
Before the Second Zhifeng War, the overseer was Zhang Fulai, but Wu Peifu personally sat in Luoyang, and he had the final say in all matters, and Zhang Fulai was a rubber stamp, and naturally had no connection with military power.
After the Second Zhifeng War, Hu Jingyi captured Henan, at this time his troops were about 40,000 people, but after Hu Jingyi's death, Yue Weijun succeeded him, and he wantonly collected various local armed forces and bandit armed forces, claiming to have 11 divisions, 18 mixed brigades, 2 cavalry brigades and 18 regiments, with a total strength of more than 200,000 troops.
However, some of these troops are only under a name and nominally obey the leadership of Yue Weijun, so in fact, Yue Weijun can really command only 40,000 or 50,000 people.
Therefore, we can see that the troops managed by an overseer, from more than 200,000 to zero eggs, must be analyzed on a case-by-case basis.
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