Guangxu Yuanbao was one of the currencies in circulation during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty. Zhang Zhidong, the governor of Liangguang, Hubei Province, took the lead in introducing British minting machines to mint silver and copper dollars, and then the provinces followed suit. A total of nineteen provincial bureaus cast, except for the central household department, the copper dollars cast by local provinces, all of which engraved the name of the province on the upper edge of its front.
The predecessor of the General Bureau of Silver Dollar Manufacturing in the Three Eastern Provinces was the Fengtian Machinery Bureau, which was founded in 1896 (the twenty-second year of Qing Guangxu). In 1898 (the twenty-fourth year of Guangxu), the Fengtian Machinery Bureau began to officially manufacture one-dollar, five-corner, two-corner, one-dime and half-dime silver coins, which were circulated in the market. When the Russians invaded Fengtian (Shenyang), the Machinery Bureau was burned down. In 1902 (the twenty-eighth year of Guangxu), after the Shengjing general Zengqi negotiated with the Russian side, the machine bureau was returned to the Fengtian authorities, and then the machine bureau was separated from the mint, and the Fengtian Silver Dollar General Bureau was established, the damaged machine was repaired, and production resumed in July 1903, due to the turbulent situation at that time.
Station foreign coins are one of the foreign currencies minted by the British in the late Qing Dynasty and early Min Dynasty, which are widely circulated in China. After entering the mainland, it began to circulate in Guangdong and Guangxi, because of its exquisite production and high silver content, it was deeply loved by merchants. The British government saw that the foreign silver dollar was profitable in China, so it minted a large amount and imported a large amount. It was soon used in most parts of China, especially in Beijing and Tianjin. At that time, among the foreign currencies circulating in China, the station foreign coins had accounted for a considerable proportion, which made The Continuous Flow of Chinese Silver into Britain and seriously damaged economic and trade interests. As a historical carrier, the station foreign coin records the humiliating history of political oppression and economic exploitation of the Chinese people after the Opium War. The study of foreign currencies circulating in China is of great significance for us to understand the crimes of foreign powers in using the silver dollar trade to plunder China's wealth, enhance the spirit of patriotism, and contribute to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Yuan Datou was one of the main circulating currencies in the Republic of China period, "Yuan Datou" is a colloquial colloquial name for the Yuan Shikai statue series of coins, strictly called "Yuan Shikai like back Jiahe silver coin". After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, Yuan Shikai became president in April 1912. In view of the fact that the Minting and Paper Money were very complicated at that time, the Circulation of Chinese and Foreign Currencies was more than a hundred, the specifications were different, the circulation was chaotic, the conversion was cumbersome, the people had been resentful for a long time, and the Beiyang Government also wanted to use currency restructuring to solve the problem of military expenditure, so it decided to mint national currency. In order to improve his dominance, Yuan Shikai minted his head on the surface of the coin, and the "Yuan Datou" was derived.
One Guangxu Yuanbao made in the three eastern provinces, the four characters of the Manchu Chinese "Guangxu Yuanbao" in the silver coin coin bead circle, the four characters of "Made in the Eastern Three Provinces" engraved at the upper end, and the value of the coin engraved at the lower end is "Kuping Seven Coins and Two Cents", and a dot is decorated on the left and right; The center of the back of the silver coin is a dragon pattern, and the upper end of the dragon figure is engraved with the English minting year of the silver coin "33RD YEAR OF KUANG HSU", that is, "Guangxu Thirty-three Years", the lower end is engraved with the old English name "PEI YANG", and a prominent dot is engraved at the left and right ends.
Standing on a foreign coin, the center of the silver dollar of this station is a samurai with a halberd and a shield, standing on the shore, proud of the world. Holding a meter-shaped shield in his left hand and a trident in his right hand, it means that he can attack and defend, and is invincible. At the upper end, there is an English coin value of "ONE DOLLAR (one dollar)" on the upper and left sides of the samurai, and a chronology on the lower; the center of the back is a Shou character pattern, and the upper and lower parts are Chinese "Wu Yuan", and the left and right are Malay, which is a privately minted misprint of the coin. Its appearance is well preserved, the pulp is wrapped in bone, and it is of great collectible value.
Gansu version of Yuan Datou, the front of the coin in the middle of the left side of the portrait of Yuan Shikai Rong, the top is "Three Years of Gansu of the Republic of China", the back of the pattern is two crossed rice ears, the center is "one circle" words. The Gansu version first looks at it from the image, Yuan Shikai is like a double eyelid, open eyes, and bright and energetic. The Gansu version of the open eye is different from other versions of the eye, and not all the eyes that open the double eyelid are the Gansu version. The epaulettes of this coin are delicate, beautiful and large, with cuts in the hair that are clearly visible to the naked eye.
The signature version of Yuan Datou has two pieces, the front middle of the coin is the left side of Yuan Shikai's armor, one is above the "Three Years of the Republic of China", the top of the one is "Nine Years of the Republic of China", the back of the pattern is two crossed rice ears, and the central one is "One Circle". Engraved on the right side of the yuan statue, the currency is a vertical line of English letters "L.GioRGi", which was written by the Italian engraver "Rouge. George" signature abbreviation.
The Soviet version of Yuan Datou, the Soviet version of Yuan Datou made in the three years of the Republic of China is very rare, the front of the coin is the left side of the Yuan Shikai Rong costume, the left side is engraved with the three words "Soviet", the top is "three years of the Republic of China", the back pattern is two crossed rice ears, the center is "one circle" word. The first is that there is no "created" character after the word "year", and the other year editions have a "manufacturing" word after the word "year"; the second point is that there is a "point" in the word "min", while the other annual versions of the people have no "point"; and the Soviet version is the most valuable of all the Yuan datou.
The editions of coins are ever-changing, and the value of special editions is needless to say, while the warlord edition and the privately minted edition have always been more expensive in the market. Respecting history has always been a pragmatic code of academic research, and it is reasonable to privately mint silver dollars in circulation and include alternative varieties. The special edition, local edition and privately cast version of the circulation on the market are more valuable than the ordinary edition, which is different from the "old fake" that has not passed, which is also the embodiment of "rare and expensive" in the collection industry.
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