Text/Li Yongjian
In 1959, Li Xiaoming and Han Anqing's novel "Gunshots in the Plains", which reflected the anti-Japanese resistance in southern Hebei, was first published and became one of the works dedicated to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the founding of New China. For more than half a century, "Gunshots on the Plains" has been republished many times and adapted into comic strips, TV series, movies, reviews, etc., which have been widely disseminated throughout the country and influenced generations. "Gunshots in the Plains" is not only a literary work, but also a true portrayal of the hard fighting life of Li Xiaoming and his comrades-in-arms during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in southern Hebei.
Witnesses and leaders of the War of Resistance Behind Enemy Lines in Zaobei County
Born in December 1920, Li Xiaoming, a native of Chengyang Village, Zaoqiang County, joined the revolutionary work in 1938 and joined the Communist Party of China in March of the same year. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Li Xiaoming successively served as secretary of the Xiaozhangzhen District CPC Committee, director of the Youth Salvation Congress of the Sub-districts, secretary of the Youth Committee of the Five Prefectures Committee of Southern Hebei and commander of the youth battalion, chief of the Brigade Propaganda and Education Section, secretary of the Zaobei County CPC Committee, and political commissar of the county guerrilla brigade; in the summer of 1947, he went south to Dabie Mountain and successively served as a member of the Jinzhai County CPC Committee, secretary of the Mabu District CPC Committee, political commissar of the Gushi County South Group Bandit Suppression Headquarters, secretary of the Jinzhai Gushi Huoqiu Working Committee, political commissar of the Bandit Suppression Headquarters, secretary of the Gushi County CPC Committee, and secretary of the Gushi County CPC Committee. Supported the People's Liberation Army in the Battle of the River Crossing. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Li Xiaoming successively served as secretary general of the Huangchuan Prefectural Committee of Henan Province, secretary of the party committee and vice president of the Party School of the Wuhan Municipal CPC Committee, deputy director of the Organization Department of the Wuhan Municipal CPC Committee, first secretary of the Wuhan Suburban Committee, first secretary of the Wuchang District CPC Committee, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of the Wuhan Municipal CPC Committee, director of the Office of the Agricultural Committee of the Central And Southern Bureau, deputy director of the Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Culture, director of the Hubei Provincial Bureau of Culture, director of the Literature and Art Bureau of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, and deputy director of the Propaganda Department of the Hubei Provincial CPC Committee. Since 1959, he has worked tirelessly and created many novels such as "Gunshots in the Plains", "Breaking Dawn", "Wind Sweeping Away The Clouds" and so on, making important contributions to the cause of the party and the people.
◆ Li Xiaoming
The story of "Three Dozen Xiao Zhang Town" in "Plain Gunshots" is familiar to everyone, but the real history is seven dozen Xiao Zhang Town. As the main commander, Li Xiaoming participated in the various battles against Xiao Zhangzhen, among which the most influential ones were the zhizhi Xiaozhang town stronghold and the Xiao zhangzhen annihilation battle. According to the "Local History of Zaoqiang County of the Communist Party of China (Volume I)", in the late spring of 1944, the prefectural party committee held a meeting of county party secretaries to call for the "hundred gun activity" and demanded that each county party committee seize 100 guns during the period of the green yarn tent. At the meeting, Li Xiaoming actively expressed his position and said that he would definitely complete the task.
At that time, the Zaobei County Brigade only had thirty or forty people, so how could it capture 100 guns from the enemy? The enemy has one or two thousand people, and of course it is impossible to rely on hard fighting, but it is necessary to find the enemy's weaknesses and adopt flexible and mobile strategies and tactics. Li Xiaoming took Advantage of the night to wade over the wall to reconnoiter the Xiaozhangzhen stronghold, which was rebuilt by the Japanese army by forcibly occupying the original Xiaozhangzhen Church, surrounded by a high wall, and a deep ditch outside, which was easy to defend and difficult to attack. Li Xiaoming found that there was an abandoned house outside the inner wall of the stronghold and decided to set up an ambush here to conquer the stronghold. The county brigade deployed suspicious troops in the direction of the Liuchang stronghold, led the militia to march openly during the day, deliberately opened fire to lure the enemy, and also sent several village chiefs to the stronghold to lie about the military situation, so that the enemy in the Liuchang stronghold mistakenly thought that the regular Eighth Route Army troops had arrived, and the turtle cowered in the stronghold and did not dare to come out. The county brigade attacked the west and drove to Xiaozhang Town at night, and in the early morning of July 15, 28 commanders and fighters lurked in the abandoned houses outside the wall gate of the Xiaozhang Town stronghold. At dawn, the northeast wind was blowing, the dark clouds were rolling, the sky was dark, and the puppet army on duty thought that the Liuchang stronghold was in a hurry, and the stronghold was safe, opened the gate on time, lowered the suspension bridge, and unexpectedly 28 commanders and fighters rushed in. After a fierce battle, the puppet army saw that the general trend had gone, so they had to throw down their weapons and raise their hands to surrender. 64 guns were captured in this battle, and the county brigade did not suffer any casualties.
On the morning of April 12, more than 200 Japanese troops and puppet troops in the Xiaozhangzhen stronghold went out to grab grain, leaving only a small number of personnel to guard the stronghold, and the Zaonan Brigade and the 78th District Squadron marched 40 miles to join the Zaobei County Brigade, commanded by Li Xiaoming and others, and finally completely annihilated the enemy army. This battle was the last great annihilation battle carried out by the military and people of Zaoqiang County against the Japanese and pseudo-Japanese, and was praised as "a triumphant song before dawn". On June 25 of the same year, the Japanese puppet army collapsed and the whole county was liberated.
In the brutal battle, the Zaobei County Brigade suffered unimaginable losses and sacrifices: in 1942 alone, it suffered three devastating blows, and in 1943, during the "Eighty-Thirty Encirclement", the Zaobei County Brigade suffered the largest loss in the eight years of the all-out War of Resistance: more than half of the cadres of the county brigade suffered more than half of the casualties, and Zhao Yijing, commander of the Fifth Sub-district of Ji'nan, and Chen Yaoyuan, deputy commander, also died heroically. During the war years, Li Xiaoming sacrificed a total of five guards, and four guards died during the War of Resistance Against Japan, which shows the cruelty of the battle.
In the harsh environment of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Li Xiaoming was in danger many times. In March 1940, the Zaobei County Party Committee held a county party committee meeting in Tangjialin, and Li Xiaoming and seven other people attended the meeting overnight, encountering the enemy in Xiaowangjun Village, and Li Xiaoming and the warrior Lao Wei and three others were unfortunately captured. In order to intimidate Li Xiaoming, the Japanese army brutally killed the warrior Lao Wei in front of him, and Lao Wei's blood flowed to Li Xiaoming's feet. The Japanese army threatened Him with a saber on Li Xiaoming's neck, but he remained unsightly and heroic. Li Xiaoming did not reveal his identity after being captured, but still insisted on fighting against the enemy in prison, and was later rescued from prison. He did a lot of underground work within the enemy, established the Anti-Japanese Alliance Association in the pseudo-"Zhuangding Training Center," and installed many internal lines, which was the beginning of the work of the enemy and the hypocrites in Zaobei County.
In 1942, in the "429" anti-sweeping battle in southern Hebei, in order to break through the "iron wall encirclement" of the Japanese army, Li Xiaoming rushed left and right through the enemy's cracks and encountered the enemy many times; in June 1942, just after serving as the secretary of the Zaobei County CPC Committee, he ate a "pawn cannon" and was surrounded by the Japanese army in Dongliang Dang Village. The enemy could not catch Li Xiaoming, so he vented on his family, and in 1943 alone, he raided his home three times, leaving his family homeless, and also arrested his second brother in the county town to be severely tortured.
Under the correct command of Li Xiaoming and with the full support of the people in the base areas, the Zaobei County Brigade was reborn again and again, from two squads at the beginning to more than 700 people in 3 squadrons. The prefectural brigade attacked the stronghold, took the artillery tower, and liberated the entire territory of Zaobei County before the Japanese surrendered. Zaobei County has 9 squadrons of 1,000 puppet troops, 6 squadrons were eliminated by the Zaobei County Brigade, coupled with sporadic small battles, the Zaobei County Brigade has wiped out all the puppet army units in the past eight years, killing the Japanese squadron leader Nakamura, and only the Liuli Cangkou Annihilation Battle and the Du Yan Battle annihilated more than 50 Japanese troops.
Based on the history of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in Zaobei County, he created "Gunshots in the Plains"
After 1955, the party called for revolutionary traditional education among young people, and Li Xiaoming was often invited to some schools to tell stories of revolutionary war. The teenagers in the audience listened with relish, and they put on Li Xiaoming's most beloved and noble red scarf, hoping to hear his revolutionary war stories often. Li Xiaoming thought that if these revolutionary stories could be written, wouldn't it be helpful to more teenagers? Inspired by the great spirit of the martyrs, the expectations of the teenagers, and the drive of the sense of responsibility, Li Xiaoming had the impulse to create novels with personal experience. Before starting to write, he selectively read some novels with revolutionary historical themes, such as "Plain Fire", "The Legend of the New Children's Heroes", "Bitter Cauliflower", "Lin Hai Snow Field", etc., which gave Li Xiaoming great inspiration. In particular, Comrade Li Erzhong, who was the secretary and political commissar of the Prefectural Committee of the Fifth Military Sub-district of Ji'nan, wrote "On deshi Road" and "Turning Over the Self-Defense Force", which touched Li Xiaoming very much, because during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Li Erzhong and Li Xiaoming were close comrades-in-arms who fought side by side. Li Xiaoming further strengthened his determination to create.
In the first few months of creation, Li Xiaoming's mind became a big stage, seven dozen Xiaozhang town strongholds, JingguanCun ambush battle, Liu LiCangkou annihilation battle... Unforgettable battle scenes were repeated in his mind one after another: Zhang Lanfeng, an anti-Japanese hero nicknamed "Small Machete", Li Chaozong, who killed the first person of the Japanese army by Zaoqiang, and Zhang Yongyan, an old anti-Japanese hero known as "Seven Stars"... The images of the comrades-in-arms were played back over and over again in front of Li Xiaoming's eyes like a movie. Immersed in the memories of past battles, Li Xiaoming often fell asleep at night and sat restlessly. The story is full of twists and turns, and I don't know where to start. Slowly, Li Xiaoming found the clue to the story, had an overall idea in his mind, and on this basis, listed an outline and character list, and began to write the novel in the summer of 1956.
Li Xiaoming was then the party secretary and vice president of the Party School of the Wuhan Municipal Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, and he was busy with work and could only use his spare time to write novels. Wuhan is a famous "stove" city in the country, the heat is unbearable, immersed in the state of creation, Li Xiaoming can not take care of these, carry out arduous creation. His first article was a battle against xiaozhang town in Zaoqiang County. This battle was personally planned and commanded by Li Xiaoming, and he knew the details of the battle very well, so he wrote more than 10,000 words in one go and handed it over to li Changlun, a language teacher, to revise. A few days later, teacher Li Changlun said: The story is very vivid, his children like to watch it very much, said that they were attracted by the beginning, if there is a similar battle story, I hope to continue to write. Li Xiaoming connected more than a dozen anti-Japanese stories he personally experienced, did not do any artistic processing, and wrote more than 100,000 words, called "The Story of an Anti-Japanese Guerrilla."
After every chapter li xiaoming finished writing, he showed the manuscript to his comrades-in-arms and colleagues around him, and widely solicited everyone's opinions. What benefited Li Xiaoming the most was the opinion of his old comrade-in-arms Li Erzhong. Li Erzhong, who was also one of the witnesses and commanders of the Ji'nan War of Resistance, said: This is not a novel you wrote, and the characters are not vivid enough. Writing novels should bring people to life, to reflect each person's unique personality characteristics, and not to have a thousand faces. For example, he said: Cao Xueqin's Lin Daiyu, Xue Baochao, and Wang Xifeng are all young women, but their personalities are different, even if their names are covered, they know who said it, which is called personality characteristics; he also said that Li Kui and Lu Zhishen in "Water Margin" are reckless, brave and brave, but they also have some differences: Lu Zhishen is coarse and detailed, courageous and strategic; Li Kui is straightforward and sincere, and his temper is fiery.
A word awakens the dreamer. In accordance with Li Erzhong's opinion, Li Xiaoming did some artistic processing of the story, made the character image more plump and vivid, and re-revised a draft, about 200,000 words, which was approved by Yu Heiding, chairman of the Wuhan Branch of the China Writers Association, and recommended to Hubei Publishing House. Unfortunately, the manuscript was soon returned, and Li Xiaoming enriched some content and changed a draft of more than 300,000 words, because Chairman Heiding recommended it to the Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House. Soon, the manuscript was returned. During this period, Li Xiaoming was successively transferred to the posts of deputy director of the Organization Department of the Wuhan Municipal CPC Committee and first secretary of the Wuhan Suburban District Committee of the CPC, and his work was very busy, but he never gave up the revision of the novel. In 1958, the Wuhan Branch of the Chinese Writers Association sent Comrade Han Anqing to help Li Xiaoming revise the draft. Han Anqing is relatively young, has written several short stories, and has a certain creative experience. Li Xiaoming and Han Anqing carefully studied the revision plan chapter by chapter, and after careful consideration of words and sentences, they deliberated and pondered to form the fourth draft of "Gunshots in the Plains." The Wuhan Branch of the China Writers Association held two special forums for the finalization of "Gunshots in the Plains" and repeatedly solicited the opinions of the participants, and Li Xiaoming and Han Anqing listened to the opinions and then rewrote the fifth and sixth drafts and sent them to the Shanghai "Harvest" magazine for publication. Due to the good feedback from readers, the Beijing Writers Publishing House published "Gunshots in the Plains" in October 1959. In this way, after three years of painstaking creation, the six-draft "Gunshots in the Plains" finally met with the readers.
"Plain Gunshots" is both ideological and artistic, and is a rare red classic
"Gunshots in the Plains" is a true portrayal of the history of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in Zaoqiang County, a magnificent song of national liberation composed by the sons and daughters of China with their blood and lives, and carries forward the spirit of the national war of resistance and is of a high ideological nature.
After the publication of "Gunshots on the Plains", it was adapted into comic strip books, TV series, movies, and commentaries, and the vivid hero image educated and touched generations. In December 1961, Tianjin Fine Arts Publishing House took the lead in publishing the comic strip "Gunshots in the Plains", hand-painted by Fu Hongsheng, a famous comic strip artist who graduated from Lu Xun Art Academy, and the whole book was divided into five episodes: 1. Tongue Battle Red Gun Society; 2. Zheng Jingzhi's wisdom to fight the demons; 3, Du Pingqiao broke the iron wall array; 4, Zhao Zhenjiang's sharp gun retreated from the enemy; 5, the battle before dawn. Due to the excellent painting and twists of the story, this set of "Plain Gunshots" comic strip was deeply loved by the majority of teenagers after publication, and the sales were very large. After that, Hebei Fine Arts Publishing House, Liaoning Fine Arts Publishing House, etc. published many versions of the "Plain Gunshots" comic strip and reprinted them many times, so that generations of teenagers received red education.
In the more than a month of filming of the TV series, Li Xiaoming attached great importance to it and guided him on the spot with Ma Zhikai. Li Xiaoming also invited his comrades-in-arms Liu Ying and Zhang Jing to Zaoqiang, Hengshui, Nangong and other places together, selected the places where they had fought with the Japanese army in those years, as a shooting location, and reproduced the scenes of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in southern Hebei described in the novel "Gunshots on the Plains". Li Xiaoming is particularly serious about filming, often consulting with Ma Zhikai at night about the revision of the script, and he is even more necessary to be there when shooting battle scenes. He said: During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the southern Hebei region fought a "trench war," that is, a traffic ditch was dug between villages and villages and between roads, and village roads were connected, and villages and villages were connected. In order to respect the historical facts, the next day the crew organized the masses to dig a traffic ditch in the village of Dongli Paperhouse in Xiaozhang Town, reproducing the historical scene of that year. In 1989, after the TV series "Gunshots in the Plains" was broadcast on CCTV, it caused a sensation in the north and south of the river, and the local stations of various provinces and cities were broadcast successively and replayed many times. Guangdong Province also changed it to Cantonese, and the audience responded well.
In 2001, the film "Gunshots in the Plains" directed by He Qun came out, and the response was enthusiastic and praised; in 2010, Hairun Film and Television once again put "Gunshots in the Plains" on the screen, and successively broadcast it on Six Satellite TV stations in Shandong Film and Television Channel, Heilongjiang, Guizhou, Hubei, Yunnan, Shenzhen and Chongqing, with very high ratings. "Plain Gunshots" was also adapted and broadcast by Shan Tianfang into a commentary. Over the years, the revolutionary story performed by "Gunshots on the Plains" has been sung endlessly and timelessly. The revolutionary fighting spirit of loyalty to the party, unswerving determination, and indomitable death contained in "Gunshots in the Plains" has not only been integrated into the blood of the people of Hengshui, but has also become the spiritual driving force that inspires everyone to build their hometown.
This article is the original of "Party History Bocai"
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