Gu Yong (168-243), courtesy name Yuansi, was a native of Wu County, Wu County (present-day Suzhou, Jiangsu). During the Three Kingdoms period at the end of the Han Dynasty, Eastern Wu Was a heavy minister and minister, and the representative of the Gu family, the head of the Jiangdong Shi clan.
Eastern Wu Cheng Xiang Gu Yong (TV stills)
Gu Yong was born into the Gu family of the Tushi clan in Wu County, Wu County, and his great-grandfather Gu Feng was once the Taishou of Yingchuan in the Eastern Han Dynasty. When Gu Yong was young, he studied playing the piano and calligraphy under the famous scholar and scholar Cai Yong (the father of the talented daughter Cai Wenji). He is quick-witted, quiet-minded, and progressive in his art industry, and is deeply loved by Cai Yong. Cai Yongte gave his own name, so Gu Yong and his teacher Cai Yong had the same name ("Yong" and "Yong" homophonous), and because he was highly praised by his teacher, he took the word "Yuan Sigh".
In the fourth year of Zhongping (187), Gu Yong, who was only twenty years old, was recommended by the governor of the prefecture and county to serve as the county magistrate of Hefei (present-day Hefei, Anhui). Later, he successively served as the county magistrate of Lou County (present-day northeast of Kunshan City, Jiangsu), Qu'a (present-day Danyang City, Jiangsu), and Shangyu (shangyu District, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang).
In April of the fifth year of Jian'an (200), Sun Ce was assassinated, and his brother Sun Quan took charge of Jiangdong, and Gu Yong began to devote himself to the Sun clique. Sun Quan was appointed by the imperial court as a general and understood the post of Inspector Taishou, and of course he could not take up his post in the county, so he appointed Gu Yong as the chief deputy of The Commandery of the Huijian Commandery (太守), equivalent to the executive vice mayor of the prefecture-level city) and the acting Taishou. Gu Yong was in the meeting to eliminate the thieves, making the county border quiet, and the officials and people were all obedient.
In the fourteenth year of Jian'an (209), Liu Bei played Sun Quan as the general of Che Riding and concurrently served as The Pastor of Xuzhou, and Gu Yong began to enter Sun Quan's shogunate as a left Sima (senior staff officer of the shogunate).
Portrait of Gu Yong of eastern Wu
In the first year of Wu Huangwu's reign (222), Sun Quan declared himself king, and appointed Gu Yong as Dali (the highest magistrate in charge of justice, equivalent to the president of the Supreme People's Court), Feng Chang (the highest official in charge of the ceremonies of the Zongmiao Temple, equivalent to the Minister of Culture and Education; Feng Chang was tai chang, the head of the Nine Qings, and was generally called Feng Chang when appointed by the king of the clan), and later appointed him shangshu ling, Fengyang Suixiang Marquis. After Gu Yong was sealed, his family did not know at all, and it was not until he heard about it later that he was surprised.
In the fourth year of Huang Wu (225), Gu Yong was renamed Taichang (i.e., Feng chang) and was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Liling. In this year, Sun Shao died, and Sun Quan appointed Gu Yong to succeed him as Chancellor and Pingshang Shushi. After Gu Yong became the prime minister, he imitated the method of governing the country in the early Han Dynasty, and when choosing a civilian and military general, he must choose a competent one, and never choose by personal love and evil. And once appointed, he will wholeheartedly entrust them to appoint. He often visited the people, collected suggestions, and then secretly submitted them to Sun Quan. If it is adopted, it is credited to Sun Quan; if it is not adopted, it is never said. Sun Quan therefore valued him very much! Gu Yong never drank, was silent, and acted properly. Sun Quan once sighed: "Gu Jun does not speak, as long as he says it, his words will be in the middle." At that time, when the courtiers of the State of Wu were drinking and feasting happily, everyone did not dare to indulge in heavy drinking, lest they be seen by Gu Yong after drinking. Even Sun Quan said: "Gu Gong is sitting, we can't drink freely", which shows how awesome he is!
In November of the sixth year of Chiwu (243), Gu Yong, who had been serving in the State of Wu for nineteen years, died of illness at the age of seventy-six. Sun Quan was very sad and dressed in filial piety and went to the altar and was given the title of Marquis of Su. His tomb is located in Xiaowangshan, a book town in Wuzhong District, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, where Gu Gui, the ancestor of the Gu clan during the Western Han Dynasty and a scholar from the Southern and Northern Dynasties, was also buried here.
Gu Yong had three sons: the eldest son, Gu Shao (184-214), who was well-read, good at reading people, well-known, and famous, and Wu Zhong commented that he was "on a par with his uncle Lu Ji, better than Lu Xun, Zhang Dun, Bu Jing and others." Sun Quan assigned Sun Ce's daughter Xu to him, and the empress dowager Yuzhang Taishou (豫章太守), unfortunately, died prematurely at the age of thirty-one.
Gu Yong's second son Gu Mu (also known as Gu Yu Zi Ji Ze, some historical records record that he was the son of Gu Yong's younger brother Gu Hui; the author speculates that it is likely that Gu Hui was originally childless, and Gu Mu had inherited the heir and changed his name to Gu Yu) as an official to the Yidu Taishou and Zhendong generals, and in the first year of Yong'an (258), because Gu Yong's son Gu Ji was without a queen, Gu Mu succeeded him as the Marquis of Liling.
Gu Yong's youngest son, Gu Ji, was made a knight lieutenant because of his father's merits when he was young, and after Gu Yong's death, he was succeeded by his heir (at this time, Gu Yong's eldest son Gu Shao died early, and the second son Gu Mu succeeded his uncle Gu Hui); Gu Ji also died early, without a queen, and later Gu Mu inherited the title of Marquis of Liling from his father.
Gu Yong's younger brother Gu Hui (古徽), zi si, Sun Quan succeeded Jiangdong (200), summoned the main book to transfer to Eastern Cao Tuan, Bai Fu Yi Du Wei, and later led Badong Taishou. Gu Yong had a brother of the clan, Gu Ti (古悌), who was known for his filial piety, and was later a general in the rank of general.
Gu Shao's eldest son, Gu Tan (205-246), was a young dezhi with the same title as "Four Friends of Prince (Sun Deng)"; at first he was the prince Zhongshuzi, and then transferred to the post of Prince Fuzheng Duwei, and his descendant Xue Zong was selected as Cao Shangshu; a few months after the death of his grandfather Gu Yong, Gu Tan was appointed as Taichang and succeeded Gu Yong as Li Shangshushi, and was once glorious. Gu Shao's second son, Gu Cheng (210-246), also young and talented, was invited to Jianye with his uncle Lu Mao (陸瑁), and was given the title of Knight Lieutenant and put him in charge of a Yulin army (the Royal Guard); at the Battle of Qianpi (241), Gu Cheng and Zhang Xiu fought hard against the enemy, won a great victory, and were awarded the title of General of Fenwei and concurrently served as the Governor of Jingxia. However, three years later, in 244, Gu Cheng, along with his brothers Gu Tan and Zhang Xiu, were suppressed by Sun Quan, the wu lord, and were exiled to Jiaozhou, where they died one after another.
Gu Mu's second son, Gu Rong (c. 260–312), was a mingshi and jiangdong shi clan leader during the Eastern Wu and Western Jin dynasties. Weak Crown was served as huangmen shilang (黄門侍郎) and prince Fuyi Du (尉尉) in Eastern Wu, and later in the Western Jin Dynasty, he was Sima Rui (then the King of Langya) of the Jin Dynasty, Sima Anton, and The Commander of the Scattered Horse, and was enfeoffed as Jiaxing Bo. After his death, he was given the title of Shi Zhong, The General of the Hussars, and the Kaifu Yi Tongsan Division, with the title of Yuan. Sima Rui was proclaimed empress dowager and posthumously awarded the title of Duke of Jiaxing. When the "Wu County Gu Clan" arrived at Gu Rong's parenthood, it reached its peak.
Portrait of Gu Yong in the Gu family tree
The Eastern Wu Sun clan regime had always been regarded as an "invasion" by foreign forces by the local Hao clan in Jiangdong, and at first they were reluctant to cooperate, so Sun Ce went on a killing spree during his reign. Therefore, as a representative figure of the Gu family, the head of the Jiangdong clan, although Gu Yong was born noble, he was cautious and cautious all his life, and did not easily offend those in power.
Even if he was a concubine, he gave a piece of advice to the imperial court, and his words were very obedient. Sun Quan consulted the government's gains and losses, and the Wu general Zhang Zhao was very enthusiastic, stating the opinions he had collected one by one, believing that the law was too strict, the punishment was too heavy, and it should be derogated. Sun Quan turned back to Gu Yong, and he only replied, "What the minister heard is the same as what Zhang Gong said." So Sun Quan discussed the commutation of punishment in court. Of course, although Gu Yong was obedient in his words, the principles that he believed should be adhered to in major matters were also upright and unyielding. At that time, the generals stationed at the front line offered strategies to curry favor with the enemy, and Sun Quan asked Gu Yong about this. Gu Yong replied, "The ministers think that they are all for their own selfish merits, so they should not obey." ”
Gu Yong is also very upright and never takes revenge for himself. In his later years, Sun Quan favored the cool official, and there was a cool official named Lü Yi who was therefore a blessing in disguise. He set up institutions to sell liquor, collect taxes for huge profits, report the sins of others, and even small matters were reported to the imperial court. Later, he was even more unscrupulous in aggravating the case, slandering the chancellor, and reprimanding the innocent, and even the minister Gu Yong and the left general Zhu Zhaodu were not spared. Later, Lü Yi's crimes were exposed and he was taken into custody in the Tingwei Mansion, and Gu Yong presided over the trial of the case. Lü Yi met Gu Yong as a prisoner, and Gu Yongdu and Yan Yuexi asked him about the words of the lawsuit. Before leaving, he said to Lu Yi, "Do you have anything else in your heart that you want to say?" Lu Yi just prostrated his head and confessed that he had nothing to say. At that time, Shang Shulang Huaishu scolded and humiliated Lü Yi in person, and Gu Yong criticized him: "The official government has a clear decree, why should it be so?" ”
Gu Yong's education of his descendants was also very meticulous and strict, so later the Gu clan was favored for more than a hundred years. His eldest son, Gu Shao, was very talented when he was young, and the official Yuzhang Taishou (豫章太守), unfortunately, died in the nineteenth year of Jian'an (214), at the age of thirty-one. The youngest son, Gu Jiguan ,尉, inherited the title of Marquis of Gu Yongliling. The second son, Gu Muguan (Gu Muguan) to Yidu Taishou (the second son, Gu Rong, was later the leader of the Jiangnan Shi clan who supported the eastern Jin Dynasty Emperor Sima Ruinandu to establish a state), and later inherited the title of Marquis of Gu Yongliling due to the death of his younger brother Gu Ji. Gu Yong's observation was also quite accurate, and his eldest grandson Gu Tan (Gu Shao's eldest son, the son of the prince's four friends, and the official Zhi Taichang) was drunk and drunk in public, dancing endlessly, and could not be stopped. Gu Yong was very angry in his heart, and the next day he sternly rebuked him in person: "The king is virtuous in bearing the burden of humiliation, and his subordinates are respectful and cautious. At that time, Xiao He and Wu Hanli had great merits, but Xiao He was as if he could not speak whenever he saw Emperor Gao (Liu Bang), and Wu Han served Guangwu (Liu Xiu) and was always cautious and diligent. Do you have any credit for the country? It's just that we rely on gu mendi to be favored, why are we so overwhelmed? Although it is out of drunkenness, in fact, it is still ungodly, and it seems that the person who destroyed the family must be you. Sure enough, in the end, Gu Tan was involved in the "Nanlu Party Dispute" and was eventually exiled by Sun Quan to Jiaozhou and died there. The Gu clan was also greatly disgraced because of this!