Wei and Jin demeanor refers to the kind of spontaneous and unconventional behavior style of the celebrities in the Wei and Jin dynasties, drinking, taking medicine, talking and indulging in landscapes are the lifestyles commonly advocated by the celebrities in the Wei and Jin dynasties, because the late Han Dynasty Wei Jin was the most chaotic era of Chinese politics and the most painful society, so the intellectuals paid more attention to living in the present, more yearning for spiritual freedom and liberation, the Confucian thought that was in a position of exaltation in the previous dynasties was impacted, and the old Zhuang Daoist thought was integrated into it during this period, bringing great changes to the way the scholars lived in the world. Such a change was later known as the Wei and Jin demeanor.
The term Wei Jin demeanor comes from Lu Xun's speech "Wei Jin Demeanor and the Relationship between Articles and Medicine and Wine", which described the celebrities as "simple and cloudy, transcendent and extraordinary". Xie An, a great politician of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was a representative figure, and his life epitomized the personality of Wei and Jin during the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Later compilations of the "New Language of the World" are very numerous articles about Xie An, which shows his extraordinary influence at that time.
Xie An was able to return to the Hidden Mountains and take Wang Xizhi to lantinghui, and he could also lead his army to defeat millions of enemy troops to win the battle of Shuishui. He circumvented with the powerful ministers, never bowed his knees, did not violate his own standards but could support the society, everywhere to the overall situation as the most important, when the achievements became famous, he could also retreat bravely and not love the position of power, which perfectly interpreted the demeanor of Wei Jin.
Xie An (320 AD – 385 CE), courtesy name An Shi, a native of Yangxia County, Chen Commandery (present-day Taikang County, Henan Province), was a politician and military figure of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, who served successively as Wuxing Taishou (吴興太守), Shizhong (侍中) and Shangshu (侍中) and Shangshu (中護軍), Shangshu (尚書仆射) and commander of the leading official Department (中部加後將軍), Yangzhou Assassin Shi (州刺史) and Zhongshu Supervisor (中書監) and Record Shangshu Shi (尚書事), Governor of the Five Prefectures of Youzhou (都督五州), Military and False Festival of the Yan State of Youzhou (幽州之燕国), Taibao (太保) and Governor of the Fifteen Prefectures (太保) and Governor of the Fifteen Prefectures (太督) and Military and Wei General of the Fifteen Prefectures, and posthumously given the title of Duke of Luling Commandery (庐陵郡公).
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In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, where the door valve system prevailed, the Xie clan was the first class high gate, and Xie An's father, Xie Pei (póu), was an official to Taichang. As a teenager, Xie An already enjoyed a high reputation in the upper class. However, Xie An did not want to use his origin to hunt the high-ranking official Houlu, and the imperial court had recruited him to enter the Situ Mansion, and he resigned on the grounds of illness. Later, the imperial court recruited him as ShangshuLang, Xie An resigned, and the official Shangshu Fan Wang recommended him as Shangshulang, but he also wrote a letter rejecting. In order to stay away from the disturbances of the dprk, Xie An simply lived in seclusion to Dongshan, Huiji Commandery (present-day Shangyu District, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang), and indulged in landscapes and rivers with wang Xizhi, Xu Qian, Zhi Daolin and other celebrities, and the famous Lanting meeting he often participated in.
In 360 AD, Xie An's younger brother Xi Zhonglang (西中郎將), Yuzhou's assassin Shi Xie Wan's Northern Expedition was demoted to a Shu people because of the defeat of Former Yan, the Xie family had no one in the dynasty, and its power was greatly threatened, in order to revive the family and serve the country, Xie An, who was not confused at an early age, walked out of Dongshan, which is the origin of the term "Dongshan comeback".
Xie An was sent to the throne of Huan Wen, a well-known general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and then Xie An left the Huan Wen shogunate and served as the Taishou of Wuxing (present-day Huzhou, Zhejiang), and was later transferred to the central government, serving as an official Shangshu and a central protector. In 371, Huan Wen accelerated the pace of Zen Concessions, deposed Sima Yi as the Duke of Haixi and Made Sima Yu the Emperor, forcing the imperial court to add nine tins, but Xie An adopted the strategy of delaying the army, and dragged it on until Huan Wen fell ill and died, and the matter of adding nine tins was not resolved.
During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the military palace in Jingxiang was Xifu, the military government in the Jiangbei region in northern Yangzhou was Beifu, Yangzhou was the political and economic center, and Jingzhou was the military center. In 377, the Eastern Jin Dynasty was forced by the strength of Former Qin and needed to develop the military strength of Yangzhou, and after Xie An came to power, he promoted his nephew Xie Xuan to be the general of Jianwu and the assassin of Yanzhou, leading the military forces of Guangling and Supervising The Northern Provinces, sitting in Guangling (present-day Yangzhou, Jiangsu) to expand the Northern Prefecture army, and recruiting a large number of Xu and Yanliu people into the army, including Liu Gaozhi and a number of brave and good warriors, these displaced civilian troops were strong in combat and were elite troops in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
In 383, Former Qin Led a Million Troops south to conquer the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the Eastern Jin Dynasty appointed Xie Andu to oversee the five prefectures of Yang, Yu, Xu, Yan, and Qing, and led the general Xie Shi and the forward governor Xie Xuan to lead 80,000 troops to meet the enemy. Soon, Jian Jian's son Zhi Rong captured the military town of Shouyang (寿陽, in modern Shou County, Anhui), and the Former Qin general Liang Cheng led an army along the Huai River to stop Xie Shi and Xie Xuan's army, and Fu Jian then led the Former Qin army to arrive, and the Eastern Jin and Former Qin armies confronted each other across the river. At this time, the Eastern Jin Dynasty proposed that the Qin army retreat slightly, so that the Jin army could cross the river for a decisive battle, and Jian Jian believed that it could be calculated, and the half-crossing attack would definitely lead to a big victory. So the Qin army moved backwards, the Jin army crossed the water and shouted that the Qin army had been defeated, because the Qin army was numerous, the soldiers of each department could not be uniformly dispatched, most of the Qin army was unknown, so the position was chaotic, and then the Jin army attacked with all its strength to defeat the Qin army, and the Qin empire was divided.
In 384, Huan Chong (Huan Wendi, Huan Xuan's uncle) died shortly after the Battle of Shuishui, and before his death entrusted the Huan disciples to Xie An, xie an, in order to stabilize the situation, gave up the opportunity to use Xie Xuan as the assassin of the two states of Jingjiang, and instead served as the son of Huan, which eased the relationship between the two major warriors of Huan Xie and stabilized the rear for the subsequent Northern Expedition of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In 384, riding on the chaos in the north, Xie An organized a large-scale Northern Expedition, recovering parts of Shandong, Henan, and Sichuan, pushing the northern border of the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the Yellow River, and including the old capital Luoyang, the area south of the Yellow River was included in the Territory of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
The Battle of Shuishui was a famous case in Chinese history in which Xie An's calm, steady, and unfazed leadership ability and ability to make overall arrangements were concentrated, and this victory brought Xie An's prestige to the peak. However, no matter how Xie An balanced his power, Sima Shi and some courtiers were increasingly suspicious of Xie An, and in 385 AD, Xie An took the initiative to resign from the post of chancellor, asked himself to leave the town of Guangling, and supervised the Northern Expedition, in the same year Xie An returned to the capital due to illness for treatment, and in August Xie An died of illness in Jiankang at the age of sixty-six, posthumously awarded the title of Taifu and Duke of Luling County, with the title of Wenjing.