<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > the Han Dynasty is undoubtedly a legendary dynasty in Chinese history. </h1>
Where is the legend?
The longest lifespan is one of them, a total of 407 years before and after the Han, and the tail of the Shu Han.
The deepest influence is the second, long-term stable rule, strong national strength, so that most of today's Chinese people have an identity of Han.
The han dynasty was the period of the expansion of the territory of the first Chinese empire, through the western region, the development of Lingnan, the establishment of northwestern counties, so that the Territory of the Han Dynasty was vast.
These three layers of influence have made the legend of the Han Dynasty, and all of this is closely related to Liu Bang, the founding emperor of the Han Dynasty.
(Born Emperor Liu Bang)
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="78" > As the founding king, Liu Bang's life was actually not easy. </h1>
In the early years, he wandered into the countryside, became a rogue and a scoundrel, rebelled in middle age, and became the lord of the world after several years of fighting.
After becoming the lord of the world, Liu Bang still had no time to be idle.
Countless kings with different surnames need him to eradicate, countless internal and external troubles make him hurt and laborious, the influence of Xun Gui's foreign relatives also makes him sleep and eat, and his wife is also a cruel character.
These countless hidden dangers, combined with his child's cowardly character, of course made him feel deeply uneasy.
After his death, this series of problems also broke out one by one.
In the short period of half a century since the founding of the Han Dynasty, there was the dictatorship of Lü Hou's foreign relatives, the coup d'état of zhuLu by the meritorious clique, and the outbreak of the Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms.
These three crises, each struggle is thrilling, not ordinary emperors can be balanced, but the Han Dynasty, which was born not long ago, has survived the crisis again and again, not to mention, it has become more and more powerful.
(Map of the situation in the early Han Dynasty)
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="80" > all this, in addition to the efforts of posterity, Liu Bang's arrangement also played a decisive role. </h1>
So what Liu Bang arranged in the end, it is necessary to pull back the time to the iron triangle of power that Liu Bang built for his empire at the beginning of the Han Dynasty.
The triangular relationship is undoubtedly the most stable relationship, and it is also the most favorable relationship for the balance of dynastic power.
What was the political situation in the early Han Dynasty.
The answer is, imperial power, meritorious servants and foreign relatives.
The imperial family is in the highest position, the nobles and foreign relatives check and balance each other, and the imperial power uses the status of detachment from the outside to maintain the supremacy of the imperial family through checks and balances, which is the power pattern built by Liu Bang to the Han Dynasty.
In order to build a good triangular relationship, Liu Bang carried out three major measures in his later years.
(Han Dynasty with both county-state systems)
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="81" > the first major move: the division of the tree domain</h1>
The so-called fencing of the tree clan means that the sons of the royal family surnamed Liu will be divided into various places to become the king of the clan.
For the Han Dynasty at the beginning of the founding of the country, Liu Bang implemented the "county-state system", and the Han Dynasty had a county system and a county system.
Why the mixed system was used as the System of the Han Dynasty, it has to be said that it learned the lesson of the demise of the Qin State.
The rapid demise of the Qin state, in addition to the violent Qin and the unpopularity of the people, the overly eager county system is also one of the reasons.
The county system is indeed advanced, but the system that is too advanced requires a transition period.
A one-size-fits-all county system will cause various problems due to the imbalance in the development of regional productive forces and the unequal expectations of all people.
Finally, after the accumulation of various problems, it will cause unrest in various places because of the rapid centralization of power and the blessing of tyranny.
In short, a transcendent political system without a transition period would turn the nascent empire into a crater-like existence.
When Qin Shi Huang died, all these drawbacks appeared.
(The Qin Empire's hasty county system)
The central government seemed to be centralized, but it was powerless to control the localities, and then the spark of the stars became ablaze, and the Qin Empire II died.
This historical lesson is seen by successors and remembered in their eyes.
As a result, the Western Han Dynasty, which is known as the Han Dynasty and the Qin system, adopted a completely different approach from the Qin Empire in terms of political system, the county state system. When Liu Bang was in power, he divided a large area around the princes into the territory of the princes and gave it to his sons and relatives.
There are two purposes for this.
First: Through the establishment of the county system, while reducing the burden on the central government, it relies on the princes of the feudal lords to indirectly rule the vast land, so that the surrounding areas can restore the economy and unite the people's hearts.
Second: Through the setting of the county system, a large area of territory was in the hands of the princes surnamed Liu, so that the descendants of the Surname of Liu were scattered throughout the country, and the basic plate of the Liu surname of the Great Han Dynasty was firmly controlled.
These two major purposes became the han dynasty life-sustaining artifacts in the follow-up!
According to Song Chang, a strategist during the reign of Emperor Wen of Han, it was:
Emperor Gao was the son of the king, and the earth was made of canine teeth, and this so-called Panshi Sect was also subordinate to the world.
All this made the Han Dynasty go through disasters and still did not change the liu surname royal family.
At the time of the Zhulu Rebellion, Liu Fengwang contributed a lot, and when Wang Mang was in turmoil, it was still Liu Xiu, a descendant of the king of Changsha, who cleaned up the jiangshan, and even when the world was divided into three parts, Liu Bei, a descendant of King Jing of Zhongshan, almost revived the Han Dynasty.
(Liu Bang's Alliance of White Horses)
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="86" > the second largest move, the White Horse Alliance. </h1>
What exactly is the White Horse Alliance? According to the "History of Lü Hou Benji", we understand the causes and consequences!
The empress dowager, who wanted to make Zhu Lü the king, asked the right chancellor for the tomb. Ling Yue: "Emperor Gao punished the White Horse League: 'Not the King of the Liu Clan, the whole world strikes at it.'" 'Now King Lü Of the Lü Clan, Non-Yoye - "History of Lü Hou Benji"
The meaning of this record is that after Lü Hou claimed to be an authoritarian power, he intended to make Lü's family king, so he asked the Right Chancellor About the Tomb.
The Right Emperor Wang Ling, who had participated in the Alliance of the White Horse, immediately retorted at a glance that according to the White Horse Alliance, those who were not surnamed Liu could not be called kings, and they really wanted to call the king of the world to strike together.
The implication is that even if you are The Queen of Lü and the ruler of the world, you cannot break this rule.
This passage undoubtedly carries a lot of weight, indirectly reflecting the common interests of the Liu family and the meritorious heroes of xungui.
Although later, the meritorious servants of Xun Gui were forced to endure the Lü family as king by the situation, but their counterattack made Lü Hou ruined.
In other words, when Liu Bang was alive, he used his influence to tie his old brothers who had struggled together to his own Royal Chariot surnamed Liu. Use their influence to offset the threat from foreign groups.
After a blood covenant, there was a follow-up cooperation between the Xun Gui heroes and the Liu family in the silent cooperation of the Xulu action.
(Quelling the Rebellion of Zhulu)
Of course, it is not enough to give the honorable heroes and heroes without giving them benefits, and there is a sentence in the Alliance of the White Horse that explains how allies are produced.
This sentence is: If there is no merit in the world, the whole world will condemn it, and the country will live forever and give to the Miao people
What this means is that there is no merit, and it is not the title of the emperor, you should not worry about destroying him, as long as my Han Dynasty exists, you descendants of those who have meritorious heroes will always have official positions and positions.
The implication is that the descendants of the royal family and the nobles are the greatest beneficiaries of this country, and as for the latecomers, as long as they do not have special contributions, they cannot become equalizers of interests.
Liu Bang used the agreement on the equality of rights and obligations in the White Horse Alliance to make the Meritorious Servants of the Great Han Dynasty the ballast stone, which was absolutely clever!
Because subsequent history tells us that whether it is the usurpation of power by foreign relatives or the rebellion of the king of the clan, these descendants of the nobles are the biggest helpers of the Imperial Family of the Han Dynasty.
Wasn't Zhou Bo, who put down the rebellion of ZhuLu, a meritorious hero?
Wasn't Zhou Yafu, who put down the Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms, after Xun Gui's meritorious service?
(Lü Hou)
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="89" > the third major initiative to support foreign relatives. </h1>
Before Liu Bang died, the most uneasy thing was the two major forces under his command, and these two major forces were still the relationship between the palms of his hands and the backs of his hands.
One is the Lü family, a cousin of his own empress, and the other is the old brothers of the Meritorious Heroes.
The thing That Liu Bang feared most at that time was that these two forces would merge and trample on imperial power.
To this end, when he was dying, he also ordered Chen Ping to execute the loyal Fan Duo, with the purpose of executing Fan Duo, a figure who had no relationship with Xun Gui and Lü Hou's forces, so that there was no possibility of the two gangs merging. (Fan Duo is Lü Hou's brother-in-law)
Liu Bang was helpless in handling this matter, and the root of his helplessness was that he knew the disposition of his son Liu Ying, the Emperor hui of Han.
It wasn't a decisive emperor, but a well-behaved baby.
Lü Hou may have accommodated Emperor Hui of Han for the sake of mother-son relationship, but if Empress Lü was not there, would Emperor Hui of Han suppress Lü Hou's forces?
If they were to rebel, would Emperor Hui of Han still be emperor?
Similarly, could Emperor Hui of Han suppress the Xungui clique? Does he have that ability?
Therefore, they absolutely could not let their two forces merge, which was Liu Bang's greatest wish before his death. Only by letting them fight among themselves can there be a solidity of imperial power, and this is Liu Bang's wishful thinking.
There were arrangements made by Liu Bang at the beginning of the founding of the country, and the attitude of the Han emperors in later generations to foreign forces was the same.
(Empress Wei Zifu of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty)
In the Han Dynasty, there were countless powerful foreign forces,
For example, the Dou family during the time of Emperor Wen of Han.
For example, the Wei Zifu family during the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.
They are all important forces for the emperor to stabilize the dynasty, and they are also indispensable counterbalance forces.
Unfortunately, the balance of power is a double-edged sword, which is conducive to the stability of imperial power if used well, and if it is not used well, it may be ruined, and the Western Han Dynasty finally established a new dynasty because of the monopoly of foreign relatives.
However, this has little to do with Liu Bang.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="99" > and the text can't help but admire Liu Bang, who was born in cloth</h1>
In order for his son to be able to take power smoothly, Liu Bang began to plan at the beginning of the founding of the country, and still did not forget the layout in the last few years of his life, which is really far-sighted.
The establishment of the county system made the liu surnamed imperial family the undisputed largest force in the world at that time, and preserved the vitality of the Liu surname Jiangshan.
The Alliance of the White Horse was reached, allowing the Liu royal family and the Xungui meritorious servants to become a community of interests, and they worked together to preserve the stability of the Han Dynasty for a hundred years.
The emergence of foreign relatives group, the construction of the Han Dynasty political iron triangle, so that the triangle stability and balance has become the main theme of the final Han Dynasty, the only difference may be the Eastern Han Dynasty, this foreign relations iron triangle was sometimes replaced by eunuchs.
As soon as you say it through, you can understand why Liu Bang was able to become an emperor.
Although he was born as a rogue, in his long political career, he continued to learn and understand the routines and true meanings of being an emperor.