summary
In the ninth year of shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1139), Zhao Zhun Qin Juniper published a stone with Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety". Thirteen years later, from the Qin Di Council, he awarded the Tuoben to the various states. In the fourteenth year, Wang Bo ordered all prefectures to study the imperial book "Filial Piety" and publish it with the imperial book, and awarded it to local officials and students with a copy. At that time, at least five states and two provinces and two armies carried out this matter. Emperor Gaozong's political motivation for engraving the Imperial Book of Filial Piety was to commend the holy filial piety and quell the slander brought about by the Shaoxing Peace Conference. Scholars believe that only remnants of the stone carvings of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" remain, and the author has recently found a complete physical object of the stone carvings of Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" in the Yangxin County Museum, and the stone carvings are accompanied by the Qin Juniper of Jiuyi. Through proofreading, it was found that the stone carvings of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety Classic" came from Tang Xuanzong's "Filial Piety Classic", which is an indispensable part of the study of the evolution of the "Filial Piety Classic" text. The newly discovered Qin Juniper also enlightens us that we should change the traditional understanding that there is no "Filial Piety Classic" in the "Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classic", and the stone carving of the Gaozong Imperial Book "Filial Piety Classic" should be included in the list of the "Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classic".
About the Author
Wu Xuehan is a master's student at the Institute for Advanced Study of Confucianism at Shandong University. His research interests include classical literature and Song Dynasty bibliographies.
During the Shaoxing period of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Gaozong Imperial Book Zhencao "Filial Piety Classic" was published in stone, and this matter was sporadically recorded in historical books such as "Song Hui Zhi Manuscript" and "Jade Sea". The stone carving of The Book of Filial Piety, the Yushu of Gaozong, has its important value, and can be compared with the "Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classic" which is also the Stone Classic of Gaozong's Imperial Book. Unfortunately, in modern times, only Zhang Guogan's "Examination of the Stone Classics of The Dynasties" is the only one who has studied the stone carvings of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety Classics". His Southern Song Dynasty Stone Examination is followed by the Gaozong Zhencao Filial Piety Classic, and through the records of historical records, it is pointed out that the Five Prefectures Studied the stone with the Gaozong Imperial Book of Filial Piety[1], but did not discuss various aspects of the stone carvings of the Gaozong Imperial Book of Filial Piety.
Due to the lack of research on the stone carvings of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety Classic", scholars often have confusion when discussing this matter. For example, Wang Yude thought: "Emperor Gaozong declared that Lü Yihao and other imperial books "Filial Piety" carved stones and gave them to officials and students. [2] In fact, the inscription of the Filial Piety Book of Emperor Gaozong has nothing to do with Lü Yihao. Zhao Chao's "Introduction to Ancient Chinese Stone Carvings" Yun: "According to the Records of the Southern Golden Stones such as the Hubei Jinshi Zhi, in modern times, only one piece of local stone scripture fragment carved by Hubei Xingguozhou Xuexue remains. [3] "Local Stone Classic", that is, the stone carving of Emperor Gaozong's Imperial Book of Filial Piety. Through field visits, the author found that the only remaining stone carving of the Gaozong Imperial Book "Filial Piety" is not a "remnant stone", and the missing part is actually found behind the "Map of the Lu Kingdom" stele. In addition, the stone carving of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" is accompanied by qin juniper text. Yang Shoujing and other scholars believe that the whole text has been lost[4], and the author found a complete text of the "Filial Piety Classic" published by The Qin Juniper in the Ninth Year of Shaoxing behind the stele of the "Map of the State of Lu", which can fill the gap in history and is also conducive to our deeper understanding of the stone process and significance of the Gaozong Imperial Book of Filial Piety.
This article examines the relevant historical materials, combined with the stone carvings of Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" published by the Yangxin County Museum, and explores the stone process, reasons for publishing stones, existing conditions, and values of Gaozong's "Filial Piety" for the reference of the academic community.
I. The process of publishing the Song Gaozong's imperial book "The Book of Filial Piety"
The complete process of carving stones in Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety Classic" actually includes two steps: Qin Juniper carved stone and Zhou xue carved stone. Because Emperor Gaozong wrote and issued the Book of Filial Piety many times, it was easy to misjudge the base of the stone. Moreover, most of the physical objects carved in the Gaozong Imperial Book of Filial Piety have been lost, and the previous scholars have not been able to see the Qin Juniper text. Therefore, the process of engraving the stone carvings of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" has not been systematically sorted out. Today, the engraving process is sorted out into three stages.
(1) On June 13, the ninth year of Shaoxing (1139), Emperor Gaozong gave Qin Juniper the imperial book "The Book of Filial Piety", and Qin Juniper asked for a stone. The publication of the stone began on June 14 and was completed on October 1.
The Imperial Song Dynasty Zhongxing Two Dynasties Sacred Government Yun: "The golden stone inscribed in the Imperial Book of Filial Piety, bestowed by the Zaichen Qin Juniper, is passed on to future generations." Chapter 18, the world thinks that the book of children is the book of children, but they do not know the subtle learning of the saints, and they do not care about this. There was nothing to do in the palace, because of the study of grass saints, so he gave it to Qing, and did he pass it on to the queen? Hinoki, please repeat, but from it. [5] Roughly describing the origin of the incident, Emperor Gaozong gave Qin Juniper the Imperial Book of Filial Piety, and at Qin Juniper's repeated requests, agreed to publish the Imperial Book of Filial Piety. As for when the Imperial Book of Filial Piety was awarded, there are slight differences in the histories, as detailed in Table 1:
Table 1
"Song Hui To Compile Manuscripts: Chongru VI"
June 13( 9th year of Shaoxing). The golden stone inscribed in the Filial Piety Sutra by the emperor Qin Juniper [6] was given by the emperor Qin Juniper.
"Jade Sea Sacred Text"
(Shaoxing) June of the ninth year is ugly. The book "Filial Piety" was given to Qin Juniper. Thirteen days. A cloud of simmering. The golden stone inscribed in the Filial Piety Sutra ,100, which was bestowed upon him by Qin Juniper.[7]
"Yuhai Yiwen"
(Shaoxing) On June 13, 1999, Xin You, a golden stone inscribed in the "Filial Piety Classic" of the Imperial Book of Filial Piety given by Zaichen Juniper [8].
The above three said that the Junyun Qin Juniper was published on June 13, 9th year of Shaoxing, please publish the stone with Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety", but there is a difference between the Ji ri gan branch: one cloud "Gengjiao", one cloud "Xin You". Checking the "Chronicle of the Year Since Jianyan", the dry branch of the Shuo Day in The Ninth Year of Shaoxing is "Unitary", then the Thirteenth Day Dry Branch is "Xin Unitary", and there is no "Xin Ugly" day and "Gengjiao" day in June of the ninth year of Shaoxing. In addition, the newly discovered stone carving of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Book of Filial Piety" published by the Xingguo Military Academy was appended to Qin Juniper: "In June of the ninth year of Shaoxing, the emperor gave his subjects the Hinoki with the handwritten "Book of Filial Piety"... Dare to use stories to publish Zhu Zhenyan to spread the lord's virtue. Accordingly, Emperor Gaozong awarded the imperial book "The Book of Filial Piety" and Qin Ju requested the publication of stones, both on June 13, 9th year of Shaoxing. "Yuhai Shengwen" is both cloudy "June Xin ugly" and cloud "thirteen days of Gengjiao." Yiyun Xin Unitary", it is suspected that it is caused by a patchwork of various historical materials, when the "Xin Unitary" of the original stone cloud is taken as the right. Qin Bao and Yun: "Yue Yi Ri Nong Shu Dove Worker, October 2 declaration is completed." "According to this, the next day (June 14) was extended to the craftsman, and until October 1 (Pengshen) the inscription lasted more than three months, counting one hundred and seven days. It should be noted that the publication of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" in the ninth year of Shaoxing was only a personal act of Qin Juniper and had not yet been promoted to the state studies of the whole country.
(2) On the 25th day of the first month of the thirteenth year of Shaoxing, at the request of Qin Di, the guardian of Huzhou, the stone carving of emperor Gaozong's royal book "Filial Piety" published by Qin Juniper was published in various prefectures.
According to the Chronicle of the Chronicles of the Lineage Since Jianyan, in the thirteenth year of Shaoxing, Qin Di of Zhihu Prefecture proposed to grant the Tianxia Prefecture Study with the Imperial Book of Scripture History "Ink Book". It will be put into effect on the 25th day of the first month. "Song Hui to Compile Drafts" Yun: "(Shaoxing) Thirteenth year of the first month of the twenty-fifth day. The edict wrote the history of the scriptures, and ordered the Hubu Shangshu Zhang Cheng to see the ink book, count it first, and promulgate it for implementation. [10] As for the specific "ink books" awarded, Yuhai Yun: "(Shaoxing) Thirteen years ago, the imperial books "Filial Piety", "Zhou Guan", "Zhongyong", and "Yang Hu Zhuan" were promulgated in Tianxiazhou. [11] It can be seen that the "Ink Book" that conferred the Tianxia Zhouxue includes the "Filial Piety Sutra". So which book is this "ink book" of the "Filial Piety Classic"?
The author believes that this "ink copy" of the "Filial Piety Classic", that is, the rubbing of the Gaozong Imperial Book "Filial Piety" published by The Ninth Year of Shaoxing Qin Juniper. There are two reasons: First, the examination of historical records, The Book of Filial Piety, the imperial book of Emperor Gaozong thirteen years ago in Shaoxing, was published in stone, and only once in the ninth year of Shaoxing. Second, combined with historical materials and physical objects, after the stone carvings of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" published by Jiankang Fuxue, Suining Fuxue, and Xingguo Military Studies, there are all Qin Juniper carved stone inscriptions in the ninth year of Shaoxing (see below for details).
(3) On July 22, 14th year of Shaoxing, at the request of Yushi Wang Bo, he ordered all prefectures to learn from the 13th year of Shaoxing to expand the book of Gaozong's imperial book "The Book of Filial Piety" given by Shaoxing for thirteen years, and to award it to local officials and students with the Tuoben.
"Jade Sea" Yun: "Shaoxing gave the royal book "Filial Piety Classic". In July of the fourteenth year, Xin Wei published a stone in the imperial book "Filial Piety Classic" to the officials and students of the department. It was awarded in the County Hall. [12] The so-called "Shi has been awarded in the County's Palace", which means that the previous year (the thirteenth year of Shaoxing) had awarded the Imperial Book of Filial Piety to the Tianxia Prefecture School. After emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" was promulgated, it was properly preserved in the imperial library of many prefectures and was not widely circulated. Until July 22, 14th year of Shaoxing, Fang ordered the local state journals to be stoned, and issued a copy to local officials and students. This matter was proposed by Yushi Wangbo. Wang Boyun is mentioned in the "Song Hui Zhi Manuscript": "In addition to stealing His Majesty's ten thousand opportunities, he personally wrote the "Filial Piety Classic"... Begging the counties to collect workers to imitate, from the county to the county, from the county to the township, all make the family hidden and household known, a few under the heavens, the customs have changed greatly. [13] Wang Bo proposed that the publication of the imperial book "Filial Piety" could change folk customs.
It is not known how many states at that time published Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety". The author combs through the history, and it is determined that at least the five prefectures and the second army have published stones with Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety", of which only the publication time and presiding officials of the five places of Changzhou Studies, Huzhou Studies, Jiankang Studies, Suining Studies, and Xingguo Military Studies can be examined. In general, the publication time is generally between the fourteenth and fifteenth years of Shaoxing (see below for details).
II. The reason for the publication of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "The Book of Filial Piety"
During Emperor Gaozong's reign, he often wrote, engraved, and issued Confucian scriptures. The reason why Emperor Gaozong did this was, on the one hand, related to his enthusiasm for the art of calligraphy and spontaneous Confucian cultivation. The "Jade Sea" contains the words of Emperor Gaozong, which says: "It is better to learn to write than to write the scriptures, but not only to learn the words, but also to forget the scriptures." [14] On the other hand, Emperor Gaozong also had deep political considerations, that is, to convey a political concept of "reverence for Confucianism and heavy taoism" by promulgating Confucian classics, and to promote the construction of a ruling order in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty.
It is worth pondering that among the many scriptures, Emperor Gaozong particularly emphasized the Filial Piety Sutra. According to the Records of the Chronicles of the Lineage Since Jianyan, the Jade Sea, and the Song Hui Compilation, there are three records of Emperor Gaozong writing and awarding the Book of Filial Piety: Shaoxing gave Zaizhi in August of the second year, Shaoxing gave Xiang Zizhen in September of the seventh year, and Shaoxing gave Qin Juniper in June of the ninth year. As the "Imperial Song Dynasty and The Two Dynasties of the Holy Government" said: "If the "Filial Piety Sutra" is given, it cannot be generalized." [15] In addition, the National Palace Museum in Taipei has a silk copy of the Book of Filial Piety and Ma He of the Book of Filial Piety of Emperor Gaozong of Song,[16] on which the Book of Filial Piety was copied by Emperor Gaozong of Song himself. Shaoxing's thirteenth year of awarding the imperial books of Tianxiazhou include the "Book of Filial Piety", "Zhou Guan", "Zhongyong", and "Biography of Yang Hu", but the following year only the "Book of Filial Piety" was published in stone, which further highlighted the unique status of the "Book of Filial Piety" in the Imperial Scriptures. Emperor Gaozong attached so much importance to the Book of Filial Piety, which naturally had its deep-seated political motives. The most important of these was to publicize the holy filial piety through the imperial book "Filial Piety Classic", thus quelling the opposition to the Song and Jin dynasties.
During Emperor Gaozong's reign, in the face of the confrontation between the Song and Jin dynasties, the imperial court split into two factions, the main peace and the main war, and Gaozong advocated peace. How to eliminate the contradictions between the two factions and reach a consensus between the Song and Jin dynasties has become a political problem. In June of the eighth year of Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong sent Wang Lun as an envoy to the Jin Dynasty to discuss peace, but "a hundred officials from the inside, and the military and the people outside, all of them wanted to eat the flesh of Lun, and the slander was fierce." [17] Zhao Ding immediately wrote: "Your Majesty should be kind enough to say that it is not a beautiful thing to talk about peace and sincerity, and for the sake of Zi Gong and his mother and brother, he had to do it as a last resort... His Majesty's filial piety will be forgiven. [18] It was suggested that Emperor Gaozong could use "filial piety" to block the opposition of his subjects. Emperor Gaozong was deeply impressed by Zhao Ding's proposal, and from then on, "filial piety" became an important statement of Gao Zongzonghe. At the end of the Chronicle of the Imperial Dynasty, Yun: "(Emperor Gaozong) was worried about Zai Zhiyi: The former emperor ZiGongguo had a return period, although it was still a few years to wait. However, the empress dowager's spring and autumn are already high, and she thinks deeply in the morning and night, and wants to see each other early, so she does not hesitate to bend those who have already made peace, and for this reason. [19] It is not difficult to speculate that the publication of the Book of Filial Piety in June of the ninth year of Shaoxing was actually a chain reaction of Emperor Gaozong's determination to negotiate with Jin in the eighth year of Shaoxing. Although after Qin Juniper's "repeated requests, but from it", it should also cater to The psychology of Emperor Gaozong. Qin Ju said, "Your Majesty the Emperor, the filial piety... The minister of the little and the great, than the meaning of the same, to praise the holy rule. Vigorously promoting "filial piety" is also an absolutely correct emphasis and protection of the moral code and political stance of the Lord and faction.
In November of the eleventh year of Shaoxing, Song and Jin Shaoxing reached a peace agreement. In August of the twelfth year of Shaoxing, Emperor Huizong's palace and Emperor Gaozong's biological mother Wei Hou returned to the dynasty. Although the peace talks have been reached, the dispute between the lord and the main war has never disappeared. Until the later generations of Zhu Xi, he still said: "Speaking of peace and the original meaning, the upper is not for the clan society, the lower is not for the living beings, and the middle is not for the time to rest the soldiers." It's just cowardice, for the sake of the years. [20] This shows the magnitude of the war and controversy at that time. In the face of this situation, it is still a good idea to preach "filial piety." Therefore, in the first month of the thirteenth year of Shaoxing, the imperial book "Filial Piety" was awarded to Zhou Xue, and in July of the fourteenth year of Shaoxing, the edict was issued with the imperial book "Filial Piety". The record of the "Records of the Chronicles of the Lineage Since Jianyan" shows the core purpose of the stone: "The palace attendant Yushi Wang Boyan said: His Majesty is good at the virtue of the saints, the heavens are in charge, the fruit is determined and discussed in the boiling of the public, and the supreme nourishment of the world." Wang Ming decreed that the workers should be engraved, so that the family would know it, so as to show the filial piety. [21] The so-called "controversy of the masses" shows the high voice of opposition to the Song and Jin dynasties at that time. And "to show filial piety" highlights the important gimmick of the Lord and the Sect. It can be seen from this that the real purpose of the edict was to order the various states to publish the imperial book "Filial Piety" in stone, and the real purpose was to quell the opposition to peace. Because of this, the carved stones of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety Classic" were inseparable from the active promotion of the Lord and the faction: it was Qin Juniper who actively contributed to the carving of the stone in the "Filial Piety Classic"; it was Qin Ju's brother Qin Di who requested that the stone carvings of the "Filial Piety Classic" of the Imperial Book be awarded to Tianxia Prefecture; and Wang Bo, who proposed that the various states study the imperial book "Filial Piety" and publish the stone, was one of the "twenty-eight ruling people" used by Qin Ju[22].
III. The Existence of stone carvings in emperor Gaozong's imperial book "The Book of Filial Piety"
After Shaoxing issued an edict in July of the fourteenth year of Shaoxing to study and publish the imperial book "Filial Piety Classic", how many places implemented this matter is still unknown. The Jingyi Kao lists three places: Jiankang Fuxue, Huzhouxue, and Changzhouxue[23]. The "Examination of the Stone Classics of the Past Dynasties" added the second division of Guangzhou Studies and Xingguo Military Studies[24]. The author reviewed the historical records and found that TaipingZhou Studies, Yanzhou Studies, Suining Fu Studies, and Jiangyin Military Studies were everywhere. In addition, Gongzhou Studies and Xinghua Military Studies were also awarded the imperial book of Gaozong,[25] but whether the specific publication was not available. The situation of the nine Confucian journals that can be examined is introduced as follows:
Huzhou Studies. "(Jiatai) Wu Xingzhi": "Emperor Gaozong's imperial pen royal book "Filial Piety Classic". Study in the state. In the fourteenth year of Shaoxing, He was too defensive of Zhang Shouli. [26] Press: "Zhang Shou", as "Zhang Yu". According to the "(Jingding) Jiankang Zhi": "(Shaoxing) fourteen years of Jiazi. February 22... Zhang Shou prefect affairs. [27] Then Shaoxing was fourteen years old, and Zhang Shou knew Jiankang Province, but did not know Huzhou. Zhang Yu, Zi Taiding, Jinling people. Zhihu Prefecture, Shaoxing arrived in December 1422.[28] The time of publication was in December of the fourteenth year of Shaoxing. (Tongzhi) Huzhou Fuzhi (同治) Huzhou Fu zhi (同治) Yun "Shi You"[29]. At this moment, it is not seen now, and the cover is dead.
Changzhou Studies. "(XianChun) Re-cultivation of The Biling Zhi Yun: "Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" stone carving. Shouchen Lin Zuqiali. At the State School Imperial Library. [30] Youyun: "In the fourteenth year (1187) of (Chunxi), Lin Shouzu built the Three Books of the Imperial Library, and hid the ink of the Six Classics and the stone carvings of the Filial Piety Sutra given by Emperor Gaozong. [31] Lin Zuqia, a native of YinXian County, Mingzhou, knew Changzhou from February 13 to February 15. Then the standing stone time should be around the fourteenth year of Chunxi. The edict ordered all prefectures to study the imperial book "Filial Piety" to publish the stone in the fourteenth year of Shaoxing, then the stone may be engraved by the Lin clan. (Guangxu) Wujin Yanghu County Chronicle, Yun "佚"[32]. At this moment, it is not seen now, and the cover is dead.
Guangzhou Studies. "(Daoguang) Guangdong Tongzhi" Yun: "Gaozong Zhencao "Filial Piety Classic" remnants. Scripture is not recorded. exist. [33] At present, the two books "Guangdong Inscription Collection" and "Yuexiu Inscription" cover the Lingnan Song Stele in detail, and none of them deal with this moment. Visiting the site of Guangzhou Studies and the Guangzhou Museum (most of the inscriptions of Guangzhou Studies were relocated to the Guangzhou Museum), I did not see this moment, and the cover was dead.
(Anhui) Taiping Prefecture Studies. Qianlong jian wrote the "Jing Yi Kao Correction" Yun: "There is a stone carving of the "Filial Piety Classic" in the Taiping Province of Anhui Province. One line of real books, one line of cursive. I don't know what year or who is standing. Only the "Opening Ming Yi Chapter" and the "Qing Dafu Chapter" remain. [34] At that moment, Emperor Gaozong's imperial book Zhencao "Filial Piety Classic" was carved in stone, and there are still remnants of stone in Qianlong. In the late Qing Dynasty, Zhao Shaozu's "Anhui JinshiLuo" and Xu Naichang's "Anhui Tongzhi Jinshi Antiquities Examination Draft" were not written. At this moment, it is not seen now, and the cover is dead.
Yan ZhouXue. "(Jingding) Yanzhou Continuation Zhi" Yun: "The Royal Book of Filial Piety, the Imperial Book of Scholars, and the Imperial Book of the Imperial Book of the Officials of The Scholar". Right side by side stone Dacheng Hall. [35] The (Wanli) Continuation of the Chronicle of Yan Prefecture only records the "Shaoxing Imperial Book Tian Hand Edict Stele". At this moment, it is not seen now, and the cover is dead.
Jiankang Fuxue. "(Zhizheng) Jinling Xinzhi" Yun: "Gaozong's book of filial piety... Shouchen Chaoqian's carved stone county school, Hinoki and Qian's trek below. [37] Chao Qianzhi (晁谦之, also spelled Gong Dao), was a native of Qingfeng, Liaozhou, who migrated to Xinzhou after his southern crossing, and who knew Jiankang Province from April 11, 15 to March 18, Shaoxing, and shidang was published here. The (Zhizheng) Jinling New Chronicle is also clouded with "incomplete fire"[39], and by the "(Qianlong) Shangyuan County Chronicle" is "now dead"[40], it is known that at this moment the Yuan Dynasty is crippled and the Qianlong Qing Dynasty has died. At this moment, the search has not been obtained, but it is indeed dead.
Suining Fuxue. "(Yongzheng) Sichuan Tongzhi": "Suining County... Song Huizong Imperial Book "Filial Piety" stele. True Grass Branch. Inside the Palace of Learning. [41] Press: "Huizong", as "Gaozong". Suining County, Shaoxing is Suining Province. At this moment, he signed "Zuo Chengyi Lang Zhi Suining Military Palace and Concurrently In Charge of the Gou Gong Minister Su Fu Lishi"[42], Su Fu knew Suining Province from May 14 to October of the 16th year of Shaoxing[43], and the stone was published here. "Hubei Jinshi Zhi" Yun: "In the past, Suining learned to taste and visit, and there was no piece of stone." A disciple of the Consulting Palace, Yun Tongzhi II (1863) rebelled against the siege of the city, learned outside the city, and destroyed it. Now that I have learned new cultivation, there is no one who is good at ancient times. About grinding steps, building walls, soldiers and burns the scriptures, ancient carvings scattered, very lamentable also. [44] It was not seen at this moment, and it was destroyed after the Tongzhi War.
Xingguo Military Studies. In September of the fifteenth year of Shaoxing, the Xingguo Army was in charge of the Song Shi Periodical. Now it's all there. See below for details.
Jiangyin Military Science. "(Chongzhen) Jiangyin County Chronicle" Yun: "The Temple of Literature is in the southeast of the county, that is, the Song Military Academy... Zhijun Yan Qi Zhong rebuilt the Eastern Order, expanded the outer gate of the Pan Palace, and built the Imperial Library. Emperor Zhenzong's "Wenxuan Wang Zan", Emperor Huizong's "Fu Hebei Zhisi Yuzha" and The Dacheng Dian'e, the "Eight Acts and Eight Punishments Monument", and emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety Classic". [46] It has not been seen at this moment, and the cover is dead.
For the convenience of the reader, Listing 2 is summarized below:
Table 2
Paper Stone Point
Presiding officer
Stone time
Currently in existence
1
Huzhou Studies
Tommy
Shaoxing fourteen years in December
flee
2
Changzhou Studies
Lin Zuqia
Chun Hee fourteen years
3
Guangzhou Studies
Not detailed
4
(Anhui) Taiping Prefecture Studies
5
Yan ZhouXue
6
Jiankang Fuxue
Chao Qianzhi
Between April of the fifteenth year of Shaoxing and March of the eighteenth year of Shaoxing
7
Suining Fuxue
Su Fu
Between May of the fourteenth year of Shaoxing and October of the sixteenth year of Shaoxing
8
Xingguo Military Studies
Song shi
Shaoxing fifteen years in September
exist
9
Jiangyin Military Science
The stone carvings of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" published by the Xingguo Military Academy are the only survivors in the present-day universe. In addition, although the stone carvings of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" published by Guangzhou Xue and Suining Fuxue have been deceased, their predecessors have more detailed records, and their appearance can also be glimpsed.
(1) Lu Dian Lingguang: The stone carving of Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" published by the Yangxin County Museum
Yang Shoujing's Hubei Jinshizhi Yun: "Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" stone carving. exist. True cursive. Study in Xingguo State. Yun: "Stop at half of it." I don't know if it is carved on two sides, and the pioneers have left one side? Or is there two stones, one stone has been destroyed? None of them are known. ”[47]
Xingguo Prefecture, Shaoxing is the Xingguo Army, now Yangxin County, Hubei Province. What Yang Shoujing saw should be half of the rubbing, so he had doubts about missing the rubbing or being crippled. The author searched on the spot and found that the stone carvings of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" still exist in the whole stone, which solved Yang Shoujing's doubts. The part that Yang Shi did not see was actually behind the stele of the "Map of the Lu Kingdom". The "Map of the Lu Kingdom" stele is embedded in the old Xingguo Military Academy wall, and the Gaozong Imperial Book "Filial Piety" engraved behind the stele is hidden in the wall and has not been discovered. Until the demolition of Confucianism, Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" showed its true appearance, but it never attracted attention. What is valuable is that there is still a complete text of the Qin Juniper carved stone behind the stele of the "Map of the State of Lu", which only has a few lines left in the "Ancient Chronicles of the Three Bas", so it is generally believed that this trek has been abandoned, and the Quan Song Wen is not included. This newly discovered Qin Juniper text is of great significance for the study of the purpose and process of carving stones in Emperor Gaozong's imperial book of Filial Piety, and is recorded below:
In June of the ninth year of Shaoxing, the emperor gave his subjects the Hinoki with the handwritten "Filial Piety Classic". The subject is not prepared for zaifu, playing with the years and days, and having nothing to make up for. The filial piety of His Majesty the Emperor is the most important thing, but the eighteen chapters of the Book of Leisure, the true grass, and the clouds and Han are reflected. Gu Chen was enough to be a great gift, and dared to ask for a story to publish Zhu Huanyan in order to proclaim the lord's virtue. The minister of the little and the great, than the meaning of the same, to praise the holy rule. And let the sage, the beings know more than nine thousand, without its hobbies, the diligence of the game, so that the essence is so. Whoever dares not to support the wing of the world religion is very beneficial. KEY: Yes. The more different day, the more the dove work, October 2 declared. Zuo Guanglu Dafu Shou Shang Shu Right Servant Shoot Tong Zhongshu Menxia Ping Zhangshi and Privy Counsellor Of the Imperial History and Tiju Shilu Yuan' Mention detailed Record of the Imperial Decree Of the First Division, Qin Juniper.
Figure 1: Yangxin County Museum holds the stone carving of the Song Gaozong Imperial Book "Filial Piety Classic" with Qin Juniper Text Rubbings (Partial)
The stone carving of Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" published by the Xingguo Military Academy, the two stele are all preserved, and have now been moved to the Yangxin County Museum. The situation is as follows:
The first monument. The monument is 200 cm high, 111 cm wide and 22 cm thick. Slightly damaged left and underside. The forehead inscription "Royal Book of Filial Piety" is four characters, seal book, decorated with dragon patterns. Six cuts, thirty-eight to forty lines, nine to eleven words. One line of real books, one line of cursive. The first section, the Opening Chapter of Ming Yi to the Chapter of the Son of Heaven, thirty-eight lines. The second section, "The Chapter of the Princes" to the "Chapter of the Qing Dafu", thirty-eight lines. The third section, the Shi Zhang to the Three Talents Chapter, "The Journey of Heaven and Earth and the People is" Is the True Book, Thirty-Nine Lines. The fourth section, "The Journey of the Shi Zhang" is also the scripture of heaven and earth and the people are" Cursive to the "Xiaozhi Chapter" "Happy to do things with the fact that his husband is born at the end of the life" True Book, forty lines. The fifth section, "Filial Piety Chapter" "Happy to be born with his own husband", cursive to "Shengzhi Chapter" "Benye Father and Son's Way Nature is also a King", the true book, forty lines. The sixth section, the "Sacred Rule Chapter" "The Way of the Father and the Son, the Nature of the Emperor and the King" Cursive to the "Ji Filial Piety Chapter" "Then be able to do things with relatives and relatives to live" True Book, forty lines. On the other side of the stele is the "Xuansheng Wenxuan Wang Zan and Preface" written by Emperor Zhenzong of Song in the first year of the great Zhongxiang Fu (1008).
Figure 2: The first stone carved in the Yangxin County Museum is the first stone carved in the Song Gaozong Imperial Book "Filial Piety Classic"
Second monument. The stele is 194 cm high, 110 cm wide and 13 cm thick. Well kept. Seven cuts, forty to forty-one lines, nine to eleven words. The first section, "Ji Xiao Xing Zhang" "Then can do things with relatives to live" cursive to "Guangyao Dao Chapter" and "and so Qin Qi's father ze zi Yue" cursive, thirty-three lines. The second section, "Guangyao Dao Chapter" "Qin Qi Brother Then Brother Yue Qin Qijun Ze" True Book to "Zhi Zheng Zhang" title cursive, forty lines. The third section, the True Book of the "Battle chapter" "Zeng Zi Yue Ruofu Love and Gong Qin'an" true book to the "Ying Sense Chapter" "There is honor and there must be a father and there must be a father first", forty-one lines. The fourth section, the "Ying Xiang Chapter" "There is honor and there must be a father and there must be a first" cursive to the "Bereavement Chapter" "Three years to show the people have the end of the coffin" true book, forty lines. The fifth section, "Bereavement Chapter", "Three years to show the people have an end to the coffin" cursive to the end of the "Bereavement Chapter", seventeen lines. The seal of the "Treasure of the Imperial Book" is engraved later. After the engraving of Qin Juniper, eleven lines. The sixth section, Qin Juniper, thirteen lines. Seventh section, Song Shi Baowen [49], nineteen lines. On the other side of the stele is Yu Shunkai, a professor of Military Studies in Shaoxing in the 24th year of Xingguo, who carved "The Map of the State of Lu".
Figure 3: The second stone carved in the Yangxin County Museum's Gaozong Imperial Book "Filial Piety Classic" is carved
(2) Stele Zhi Liu Zhen: Stone carvings of the Gaozong Imperial Book "Filial Piety Classic" of Guangzhou Studies and Suining Province
The stone carving of the "Filial Piety Classic" of the Guangzhou Academic Journal Gaozong Imperial Book is divided into two stones, which was originally established as the Dacheng Hall, and later died. Among them, the stone inscribed with the above contents of the "Guangyao Daozhang" was abandoned as a well bed, which was found in Pingyang Yike in the twenty-fifth year of Jiaqing (1820), and in the first year of Daoguang (1821), Wu Lanxiu, Wu Yingkui, Li Yingqi, Zeng Zhao, etc. erected it in the eastern order of the Minglun Hall of Fuxue, that is, the author of the "Continuation of the Golden Stone", the "Supplement to the Golden Stone of the Eight Qiong Rooms", and the "(Daoguang) Guangdong Tongzhi";the other stone should be engraved with the following contents of the "Guangyao Dao Chapter" and the Qin Juniper text, which has not been recorded and whose whereabouts are unknown. Regarding the height and breadth of the stele, Lu Yaoyun "five feet in length and width of the stone"[51], and Lu Zengxiangyun "four feet high and four feet wide" [52], not detailed. Although the stone carvings of the "Filial Piety Classic" of the Guangzhou Academic Journal Gaozong's Imperial Book have been completely excavated, the "Eight Qiong Room Golden Stone Correction" details the rise and fall of the first stele and the five sections, according to which it can be glimpsed.
Suining Fu Academic Journal Gaozong Imperial Book "Filial Piety" stone carving, "(Qianlong) Suining County Chronicle" Yun: "Five, now exist four, behind the temple." [53] The Ancient Chronicles of Sampasan Yun: "The four stones are the second." "County Chronicle" thought that the five stones existed in four, and it was wrong. According to this, there are four stone carvings in the Suining Province's Gaozong Imperial Book of Filial Piety, of which only three remain during the Daoguang period, and the second one. The "Five Seats" stated in the "(Qianlong) Suining County Chronicle" are inaccurate. The shape of the stele in the Ancient Chronicle of Sampas is "six feet six inches high and three feet three inches wide." Four monuments. The stele is in four columns. Thirty lines in column, cross in line, four points in diameter, and true grass in between. Seal inches six points, four words. Twenty-nine lines, eleven lines, four word diameters. Six lines, three points in diameter, and the main book. Two lines, four characters, three inches and six minutes in diameter, eight points of the book. [54] The Ancient Chronicles of Sampasan also reproduces the rubbings of the three stones that existed at that time, and although there are slightly more missing stones, their appearance can be roughly seen.
Fig. 4: The Ancient Chronicles of The Three Basan Dynasties reproduces the stone carvings of the Song Gaozong Imperial Book of Filial Piety (partial)
Fourth, the value of the stone carvings in the Song Gaozong Imperial Book of Filial Piety
The "Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classic" is one of the seven official carved stone classics in ancient China[55], and according to current popular parlance, it does not include the "Filial Piety Classic". According to the Qin Juniper text, Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety Classic" should be included in the list of "Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classics". The base of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" is the Tang Xuanzong Ben, as an early version of the "Filial Piety Classic", it is also helpful for the study of the text of the "Filial Piety Classic".
(1) Supplementary Stone Classics: The stone carvings of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety Classic" should be included in the list of "Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classics".
There were seven large-scale official stone scriptures in ancient China, and the "Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classic", also known as the "Shaoxing Stone Classic" and the "Song Gaozong Imperial Book Stone Classic", is one of them. At present, scholars generally believe that the "Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classic" includes the Gaozong Imperial Books "Zhou Yi", "Shang Shu", "Mao Shi", "Spring and Autumn Zuo Zhuan", "Analects", "Mencius", and "Li Ji" published in the thirteenth to sixteenth years of Shaoxing. The Book of Filial Piety was not included in the Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classics.[56] According to the Stone Inscription of Emperor Gaozong's Imperial Book of Filial Piety, the Qin Juniper text attached to it: "And let the sage, the beings know more than nine weights, there is no hobby, the diligence of entertainment, so fine, who dares not to help the wing of the world." Then the stone carvings in the Imperial Book of Filial Piety are also engraved to proclaim all beings. Also as the Gaozong Yushu Stone Classic, the stone carving of the Gaozong Imperial Book "Filial Piety Classic" seems to be included in the list of the "Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classic", and now combined with historical materials, it is analyzed as follows:
First, Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety Sutra" was carved to proclaim all beings, and should be used as a standing stone in Taixue. Inspection of "Yuhai": "On the twenty-fourth day of June in the third year of Shaoxing, Ding Wei reinstated the Guozi Prison. The edict is to study where the station is stationed, and to measure the health of the disciples... In the thirteenth year of the first month, Yue Fei was appointed as the Guozi Supervisor taixue. [57] The so-called "Study of the Stationed Residence" is the Lin'an Fuxue. Before the construction of Taixue in Yue Fei's former residence in the thirteenth month of Shaoxing, Lin'an Fuxue was temporarily used for Taixue[58], so the stone carving of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" published by Qin Ju in the ninth year of Shaoxing was most likely erected in the then generation of Taixue - Lin'an Fuxue. The "Filial Piety Classic" stands on the lin'an fuxue, and it is unknown whether it will be relocated to the new Taixue. However, since Shaoxing ordered the world's state studies to be published in the imperial book "Filial Piety Classic" in the fourteenth year, it was too inappropriate to learn at this moment. Even if there is no relocation of Taixue, it should be re-engraved. Chen Hanzhang's Southern Song Dynasty Stone Scripture Yun: "(Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety") Wouldn't the carved stones of Jiankang Province and Hu and Chang'er prefecture be carved in Taixuehu? [59] It is also believed that the Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classics should include the Filial Piety Classic. At present, scholars believe that the Book of Filial Piety did not establish a stone Taixue, mainly because the Jade Sea contains Shaoxing thirteen years later, Emperor Gaozong declared that the Stone Classics published by Taixue did not include the Filial Piety Classics. In fact, the "Book of Filial Piety" was published in the ninth year of Shaoxing, and the publication of the imperial book "The Book of Filial Piety" has been explained elsewhere in the "Jade Sea", so it is not mentioned here.
Second, according to Ming Xuandejian Wu Ne's "Preface to the Song of the Stone Classics", the Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classics seen at that time included the "Filial Piety Classic". Wu Ne can be said to be the first person to systematically sort out the Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classic. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Yang Lian Zhenjia wanted to use the stone scripture as a tower base, but fortunately the Hangzhou governor Shen Tu Zhiyuan fought hard and did not completely destroy it. Subsequently, Shi Jingyu was placed in the abandoned cabinet and was not taken seriously. It was not until the first year of Ming Xuande (1426) that the inspector of Zhejiang, Yushi Wu Necai, re-collected. Wu Ne's "Preface to the Song of the Stone Classics" Yun: "In the second year of Shaoxing, he proclaimed the Imperial Book of Filial Piety, and followed up with the Yi, Poems, Books, Spring and Autumn Zuo Zhuan, Treatise on Meng, and Zhongyong, University, Xueji, Confucianism, and Jing xie, with a total of 10 million words, and published Shi Taixue. Youyun: "A total of one hundred tablets of scripture." [61] Since Wu Ne specifically mentions the "Book of Filial Piety", the "Hundred Pieces" of the Stone Scriptures he collected should include the Book of Filial Piety. It is worth noting that Wu Ne's "Preface to the Song of the Stone Classics", as an important material describing the early appearance of the Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classics, was widely referenced by later generations, but in the process of reference, it was gradually alienated. The (Qianlong) Hangzhou Fuzhi quotes the Qiantang County Chronicle: "In the second year of Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong of Song wrote five chapters, namely the Book of Filial Piety, the Book, the Spring and Autumn Period, the Zuo Chuan, the Analects, mencius, the Zhongyong, the University, the Book of Music, the Confucian Line, and the Jing Xie, containing the Xiansheng Daishu and the Inscription of Shi Taixue. [62] It clearly refers to Wu Ne's Preface to the Song of the Stone Classics, but omits to quote "Yi" and "Xueji" as "Leji". According to Wang Chang's "Compilation of Golden Stones", according to this cloud: "If there is a "Filial Piety Classic" and no "I Ching", it must be a "Filial Piety Classic", that is, the "I Ching". [63] According to this, Wang Chang did not check the original text, and the information was inaccurate. Examining the (Kangxi) Chronicle of Qiantang County: "In the second year of Song Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong declared five imperial books, "Filial Piety", "Yi", "Poetry", "Book", "Spring and Autumn", "Zuo Chuan", "Analects", "Mencius", "Zhongyong", "University", "Xueji", "Confucianism", and "Jingxie", and carved stone Taixue. [64] The "Filial Piety Classic" and "Yi" are both available, and the "(Qianlong) Hangzhou Fuzhi" is not cloudy "Yi", which is actually omitted. The Hangzhou Fuzhi (Republic of China) also said: "Calling 'Yi' 'Zhou Yi', at that time there was no 'I Ching', why should it be mistaken for 'Filial Piety'." [65] The erroneous conclusion that the "I Ching" was mistaken for the "Book of Filial Piety" in the Golden Stone Compilation undoubtedly reinforces the view that the "Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classic" did not have the "Filial Piety Classic" in later generations. Ming Xuandejian Wu Neyun has the Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classic "Hundred Pieces", which exists in eighty-five pieces, and the "Filial Piety Classic" should be in the later ten or so pieces.
Third, the "Book of Filial Piety" was an important part of the Song Dynasty examination, and it had a special educational significance, and the "Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classic" should not be left behind. In the second year of Emperor Xiaozong's reign, he said: "Tong Zi Kefan recited the Six Classics, the Book of Filial Piety, the Language, and the Meng as superior. [66] Song Dynasty ministers also often spoke of the Book of Filial Piety at feasts, such as Xing Fu ," who "in the Eastern Palace and the Inner Courtyard, and the Attendants spoke of the Book of Filial Piety, the Book of Rites, the Analects, the Book, the Yi, the Poem, and the Biography of zuo shi," and was deeply praised for citing current events in addition to the rumors" [67]. Combined with the important political connotations contained in the "Filial Piety Classic" mentioned above, it can be seen that the "Filial Piety Classic" should not be omitted in the Gaozong Imperial Book Stone Classics of Tsurushi Taixue. In the fourth year of Chunxi, Emperor Xiaozong built the "Pavilion of the Guangyao Stone Classics", and the "Jade Sea" Yun: "There are still five imperial books, "Li Ji Zhongyong", "University", "Xueji", "Confucian Xing", and "Jing Xie", which are not in the number of Taixue Stone Classics. Ordered to search for old copies and repeat the imitation. [68] The zero passages in the Book of Rites are also collected, and if the Book of Filial Piety is not engraved, its standing stone is too learned.
(2) Textual value: The stone carvings of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" are based on the Tang Xuanzong Ben, which is equivalent to the white text of the "Book of Filial Piety" in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, and is an indispensable part of the study of the evolution of the "Filial Piety Classic" text.
To discuss the textual value of the stone carvings in Emperor Gaozong's imperial book of Filial Piety, it is first necessary to clarify the source of its text. The Book of Filial Piety has a difference between modern and ancient texts. The two are divided into chapters, with eighteen chapters of the present text and twenty-two chapters of the ancient text. The content is also different, such as the present Wenyun "Zhongniju, Zengzi Waiter", and the ancient Wen zeyun "Zhongni Idle Residence, Zengzi Waiter Sitting" [69]. The chapters and contents of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" are the same as those of the present text, which is the system of the present text. The "Filial Piety Classic" was originally passed down as Zheng Xuan's commentary, and later Tang Xuanzong wrote it as annotated, thus forming two systems of Zheng Xuanben and Tang Xuanzong. So which annotation system is based on Emperor Gaozong's Imperial Book of Filial Piety?
"(Daoguang) Guangdong Tongzhi" Yun: "Gaozong Zhencao "Filial Piety Classic" remnants. The title does not have the first and second words, gai zheng shi ben. [70] The Commentaries on the Classics claim to be "using the Eighteen Chapters of Zheng's Notes"[71], and the cited Filial Piety Does not have "first" or "second", so the (Daoguang) Guangdong Tongzhi regards the lack of "first" and "second" of the title as characteristics of Zheng Xuanben. However, the "(Daoguang) Guangdong Tongzhi" is only about the title, which is arbitrary. The stone inscription of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" is what is the book, and it should be viewed in conjunction with the similarities and differences of the text.
The Gaozong Imperial Book of Filial Piety is now being proofread with Zheng Xuanben and Tang Xuanzong. Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "The Book of Filial Piety" is engraved with the Stone Carvings of The Xingguo Military Academy in the Yangxin County Museum. Zheng Xuanben Jiuyou, Lin Xiuyi's "Dunhuang Testament "Filial Piety" Zheng Zhuben Scripture Restoration"[72] According to the "Filial Piety Classic" Zheng Xuanben excavated in Dunhuang, zheng Xuanben, "Classic Interpretation", "Qunshu Zhijiao", "Filial Piety Commentary", the restoration of Zheng Xuanben's scriptures, more comprehensive and reliable, and now it is proofread. Although there are many copies of the Tang Xuanzong Ben, the internal texts are relatively unified, and they are now proofread according to the Shitai "Filial Piety Classic". The Tang and Song dynasties circulated that writing was arbitrary, and heterogeneous writing was not enough to prove the source of the text, so there was no proofreading of variant characters caused by writing habits. Nor does it go out of school. The list of different texts between the three is as follows:
Table 3
chapter
Zheng Xuanben
Tang Xuanzong Ben
Stone carvings of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety Classic"
The opening is clear
The foundation of virtue
Tokunomoto also
The place of teaching is born
The place of teaching is born also
seigneur
So keep your head
So Nagamori Takaya
So keep rich for a long time
So Nagamori Tomiya
Shuren
And those who are unable to reach themselves
And the one who can't get it
Three talents
The Scripture of Heaven, the Righteousness of the Earth, the Deeds of the People
The scriptures of heaven, the righteousness of the earth, and the deeds of the people
The Tao is liturgical
Lead to liturgical music
Takahashi
Lost in the heart of a concubine
Lost to a concubine
Therefore, the King of Ming ruled the world with filial piety
Therefore, the same is true of the Ming King's filial piety in ruling the world
Holy Rule
The righteousness of kings
The righteousness of the monarch also
Ji Xiaoxing
It is not filial piety
It is not filial piety
Five sentences
This is the way of chaos
This great mess of the way also
Broad road
This is the main point
This is also the main way
Broad to Germany
The teachings of a gentleman are filial piety
The gentleman's teaching is filial piety
Not home but every day
Not home but also everyday
Therefore, he who respects the father of the world
Therefore, those who respect the world as fathers also
Therefore, he who respects the world as a brother
Therefore, those who respect the world as brothers also
Therefore, he who respects the world is a man
Therefore, those who respect the world are also kings
The rule can be moved to the official
Therefore, the rule can be transferred to the official
Controversy
What is the word and what
It's what it is
Things
Therefore, the upper and lower rulers can be close to each other
Therefore, the upper and lower levels can be close to each other
Bereavement
This grief
This lamentation also
The faithful could not live or die
The faithful could not be killed or injured
This government of saints
This sage's government also
Show the people the end
Show the people that there is an end
Description: The words are not out. Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" is inscribed with three characters: "respect" as "Qin", "Let" as "Modest", and "Kuang" as "Zheng". [73]
As shown above, Emperor Gaozong's Imperial Book of Filial Piety has the same article as Zheng Xuanben and twenty-four articles. Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety Classic" is the same as Tang Xuanzong's twenty-two articles, and the other is three articles. Among them, Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" and Zheng Xuanben and Tang Xuanzong's ben are two different.
The Gaozong Imperial Book of Filial Piety is the same as the Zheng Xuanben but different from the Tang Xuanzong Ben, that is, the "Tao" of "Dao to Li Le", tang Xuanzong originally wrote "Guide", while Zheng Xuanben and Gaozong's Imperial Book of Filial Piety were "Dao", but "Dao" and "Guide" were sometimes common, and the occasional book written by the writer is not known. However, there are twenty-one articles in Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety Classic" that are different from Tang Xuanzong's book and different from Zheng Xuan's book, but they are different from the text derivation and the presence or absence of auxiliary words, which is more convincing in judging the version. For example, in the Shuren Zhang, "those who are suffering from inadequacy", Zheng Xuanben" and "have the word "self" under it, while The Tang Xuanzong Ben and Gaozong Imperial Book "Filial Piety" and "There is no "self" under it. Therefore, the Gaozong Imperial Book of Filial Piety is more likely to come from the Tang Xuanzong Ben than the Zheng Xuan Ben.
In addition, the Two Articles of Gaozong's Imperial Book of Filial Piety are different from those of Zheng Xuanben and Tang Xuanzong, namely, the Gaozong Imperial Book of Filial Piety and the Controversy Chapter of the Imperial Book of Gaozong, which is "He Yan Qi" and Zheng Xuanben and Tang Xuanzong's "And". In gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety and Bereavement Chapter", "the people of the religion are not able to die or injure and live", and Zheng Xuanben and Tang Xuanzong have no "also" under "birth". The former "欤"" and "universal", the latter only has this "also" word in the whole text, which may be the writer's puppet book.
Zheng Xuanben gradually declined after the death of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang. In the second year of Song Jingde, Xing Fu elaborated on the Book of Filial Piety, which established Tang Xuanzong's official position in the Song Dynasty. The imperial letter issued by the monarch to the world has a guiding effect. Emperor Gaozong wrote and awarded the Book of Filial Piety, and the probability of choosing the official Tang Xuanzong ben as the writing base was greater. Generally speaking, Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety" should still come from Tang Xuanzong's book. The (Daoguang) Guangdong Tongzhi is erroneous in its assertion that Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "The Book of Filial Piety" is "Zheng's Ben".
At present, only the white text of the Song Dynasty 's Filial Piety Classic' can be seen, and the annotated version of the Tibetan Scripture of the Imperial Household Agency of Japan is the annotated version of the Tibetan Scriptures of the Imperial Household Agency of Japan. The stone carved Tuoben includes the Northern Song Dynasty Jiayou Stone Classic, the Filial Piety Classic, and the Southern Song Dynasty Emperor Gaozong's Imperial Book of Filial Piety. The stone carvings of the completely preserved Gaozong Imperial Book of Filial Piety are equivalent to the white text of the Book of Filial Piety in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, and are valuable materials for the study of the circulation of the text of the Book of Filial Piety. Qing Dynasty scholars regarded the "Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classic" as an important proofreading version, such as Hui Dong's "Stone Classics of the Southern Song Dynasty" to proofread the "Ming Jian Ben" "Zuo Zhuan", Ruan Yuan's proofreading of the "Book of Poetry" and "Book of Shang" according to the Southern Song Dynasty Stone Classics, and Wang Shufeng's "Fei's Ancient Yi Binding Text" revised the "Zhou Yi" text according to the "Southern Song Dynasty Stone Classics". Due to the existence of the Shitai "Filial Piety Classic", the long-lost member of the "Southern Song Dynasty Taixue Stone Classic", the stone carving of the Gaozong Imperial Book "Filial Piety Classic", has weakened in the value of collation, but it is still an indispensable link in the chain of "Filial Piety Classic" editions, which deserves our attention.
exegesis
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[1] Zhang Guogan: "Shi Jingkao of the Past Dynasties, Southern Song Dynasty Stone Classics", 1930 lead print of the Institute of Chinese Studies, Yenching University, Ye San0a.
[2] Wang Yude, "The Book of Filial Piety and the Study of Filial Piety Culture", Chongwen Bureau, 2009, p. 137. Press: "Lü Yihao", the original "Lü Shunhao", mistaken. Lü Yihao, Ziyuan Zhi, a native of Qizhou. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Song, he twice served as Zaifu.
[3] Zhao Chao, An Introduction to Ancient Chinese Stone Carvings (Revised Edition), Zhonghua Bookstore, 2019, p. 157.
[4] Yang Shoujing: Hubei Jinshizhi, vol. 11: "Juniper is not passed on, and the Tuoben seen in the "Ancient Chronicles" is also peeled off." "Ten Years of the Republic of China Zhu Print, Ye YiSi b."
[5] Anon. (2019), Kong XueJi, "Imperial song and Zhongxing Two Pilgrimages" volume 25, Zhonghua Bookstore, 2019, p. 804.
[6] Xu Songji: The Drafts of the Song Dynasty, vol. 1753, Chongru VI, Zhonghua Bookstore, 1957, p. 2277.
[7] Wang Yinglin: "Jade Sea", vol. 34, "Sacred Texts", "Chinese Reconstructed Rare Books", photocopies of Qingyuan Road Confucian engravings from the Yuan to the sixth year of the Yuan Dynasty, Beijing Library Press, 2006, Ye 19a. In the Yuhai quoted below, those who are missing the Qingyuan Road Confucian inscription from the sixth year of the Yuan to the Yuan Dynasty are referred to the Zhejiang Book Company inscription in the ninth year of the Qing Guangxu Dynasty.
[8] Wang Yinglin: Jade Sea, vol. 41, Yiwen, Ye Sanliua. Press: "Thirteen days", The Zhejiang Bookstore in the ninth year of the Qing Dynasty guangxu engraved the book "Twelve Days", wrong.
[9] Li Xinchuan: Records of the Chronicles of the Lineage Since Jianyan, vol. 148, Zhonghua Bookstore, 1985, p. 2376.
[10] Xu Songji: Drafts of the Song Dynasty, vol. 1753, Chongru VI, p. 2277.
[11] Wang Yinglin: Jade Sea, vol. 34, Shengwen, Ye 19b.
[12] Wang Yinglin: "Jade Sea", vol. 55, Yiwen, Engraved by Zhejiang Bookstore in the Ninth Year of Qing Guangxu, Ye 40b.
[13] Xu Songji: Drafts of the Song Hui, vol. 1753, Chongru VI, p. 2278.
[14] Wang Yinglin: Jade Sea, vol. 43, Yiwen, Ye 22a.
[15] Anon. (15) Edited by Kong Xue: The Compilation of the Two Dynasties of the Imperial Song Dynasty, Vol. 25, p. 804.
[16] The Illustrated Book of the Book of Filial Piety of Emperor Gaozong of Song. Silk. Pen coloring. Collection of the "National Palace Museum" in Taipei. Originally a long scroll, it was later adapted into an atlas. One chapter and one leaf, left text right picture. Wen Song Gaozong Book, Figure Old Inscription Horse and Painting. See the "National Palace Museum" calligraphy and painting collection data retrieval system in Taipei.
[17] Li Xinchuan: Records of the Chronicles of the Lineage Since Jianyan, vol. 123, p. 1998.
[18] Li Xinchuan: Records of the Chronicles of the Lineage Since Jianyan, vol. 120, p. 1944.
[19] Xiong Ke: The End of the Chronicle of the Imperial Dynasty, vol. 44, according to a photocopy of the Qing Yongzheng Ying Song Codex, Beijing Library Press, 2005, p. 874.
[20] Zhu Xi: ZhuZi Languages, vol. 127, Zhonghua Bookstore, 1985, p. 3054.
[21] Li Xinchuan: Records of the Chronicles of the Lineage Since Jianyan, vol. 152, p. 2444.
[22] The History of the Song Dynasty, vol. 473, Zhonghua Bookstore, 1977, p. 13765.
[23] Lin Qingzhang et al., eds., Jingyi Kao New School, vol. 291, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2010, p. 5289.
[24] Zhang Guogan: "Shi Jing Kao of the Past Dynasties, Southern Song Dynasty Stone Jing Kao", Ye Sanjieb.
[25] According to the (Daoguang) Chronicle of Chongqing, Vol. II: "(Huanggong) Was founded in Zhixi during the Song Dynasty. Emperor Gaozong's handwritten "Six Classics", "Analects", "Filial Piety", "Mencius", "Confucius and the Seventy-two Disciples' Portrait", bowed down as a preface, and awarded the county to show his persuasion. (Wang Menggengxiu, Kou Zongxiu.) During the Shaoxing period, chongqing was called Gongzhou (恭州), and Gongzhou Xue was awarded the imperial book "Filial Piety" by Emperor Gaozong. Also "(Hongzhi) Daming Xinghua Fu Zhi" vol. 15: "In the seventh year of Qiandao (1171), Professor Chen Yingyan rebuilt the temple gate and the Imperial Library. At the gate of the Dacheng Hall, the Imperial Books of Emperor Gaozong, "Filial Piety", "Zhongyong", "Zhou Yi", "Shangshu", "Mao Shi", "Zuo Zhuan", "Zhou Li", "Analects", "Mencius", "Le Yi Biography", "Wenxuan Wang's Seventy-two Sages Like Zanfa Ti", "Lost Zhai Ji", counting fifty-two axes. (Chen Xiaoxiu, Zhou Yinglu.) During the Shaoxing period, the Xinghua Province was called xinghua army, and the Xinghua military science was also awarded the rubbings of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book "Filial Piety".
[26] Discussion on key revision: (Jiatai) Wu Xingzhi, vol. 18, the third year of the Republic of China engraved "Wuxing Series" ben, Ye Erb.
[27] Ma Guangzuxiu, Zhou Yinghe: (Jingding) JiankangZhi, vol. 14, Qing Jiaqing 6th Year Inscribed Edition, Ye 17a.
[28] Discussion on key repair: (Jiatai) Wu Xingzhi, vol. 14, Ye 46a.
[29] Zong Yuan Hanxiu, Zhou Xuejun: (Tongzhi) Huzhou Fuzhi, vol. 47, Qing Tongzhi Thirteenth Year Inscribed, Ye 12b.
[30] Shi Neng's Revision: (XianChun) Re-cultivation of the Biling Zhi, vol. 29, Early Ming Dynasty, Ye Era.
[31] Shi Neng's Revision: (Xian Chun) Re-cultivation of The Biling Zhi, vol. 11, Ye 2b.
[32] Wang Qiganxiu, Tang Chenglie, (Guangxu) Wujin Yanghu County Chronicle, vol. 28, Qing Guangxu Fifth Year Inscribed, Ye 49b.
[33] Ruan Yuanxiu, Chen Changqi, (Daoguang) Guangdong Tongzhi, vol. 205, Qing Daoguang 2nd Year Inscribed, Ye Sana.
[34] Weng Fanggang: "Jingyi Examination Correction", vol. 12, Qianlong Inscription of the Qing Dynasty, Ye 15a.
[35] Qian Kezexiu, Zheng Yaoxiu: (Jingding) Yanzhou Continuation, vol. 4, Qing Guangxu 22nd Year Inscribed, Ye Bab.
[36] Lü Changqi Xiu, Yu Bingran: (Wanli) Continuation of YanZhou Fu Zhi, vol. 6, Ming Wanli Inscribed Edition, Ye Sanqib.
[37] Zhang Xuanxiu: "(Zhizheng) Jinling Xinzhi", vol. 12, Song and Yuan Rare Local Chronicles Series, B, vol. 6, Sichuan University Press, 2009, p. 1468.
[38] Ma Guangzuxiu, Zhou Yinghe, (Jingding) Jiankangzhi, vol. 14, Ye 17a. Li Xinchuan: Records of the Chronicles of the Lineage Since Jianyan, vol. 157, p. 2554.
[39] Jang Hyun Xiu, "(Zhizheng) Jinling Xinzhi", vol. 12, Song and Yuan Rare Local Chronicles Series, B. vol. 6, p. 1468.
[40] Lan Yingxiu, He Menghuan: (Qianlong) Shangyuan County Chronicle, vol. 9, Qianlong Sixteenth Year Inscribed Edition, Ye Yijiua.
[41] Huang Tingguixiu, Zhang Jinsheng, (Yongzheng) Sichuan Tongzhi, vol. 27, Jingyin Wenyuange Siku Quanshu, vol. 560, Taiwan Commercial Press, 1983, p. 510.
[42] Liu Xihai: The Ancient Chronicles of Sambaku, Vol. IV, The Complete Book of the Four Libraries of Continued Repair, vol. 895, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2002, p. 71.
[43] Xu Songji: Drafts of the Song Dynasty, vol. 3889, "Officials 70", p. 3959. Li Xinchuan: Records of the Chronicles of the Lineage Since Jianyan, vol. 155, p. 2518.
[44] Yang Shoujing: Hubei Jinshizhi, vol. 11, Ye 14b.
[45] Shu Dagangyun: "In present-day Suining City, Sichuan, there is still a stele of Emperor Gaozong's cursive "Present Wen Xiaojing" inscribed by Qin Juniper in the fourteenth year of Shaoxing... Qing Liu Xihai", "Golden Stone Garden". See also Compilation of Stone Carvings. ("On the Important Value of the Dazu Stone Carving Fan Zuyu's Book of Ancient Literature and Filial Piety", Journal of Sichuan University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), No. 1, 2003, p. 86) Should be according to the "Ancient Chronicles of The Three Bass", and no original stone has been found.
[46] Feng Shiren Xiu compiled: (Chongzhen) Jiangyin County Chronicle, Vol. 1, Ming Chongzhen Thirteenth Year (1640) Inscribed Edition, Ye Sanwua.
[47] Yang Shoujing: Hubei Jinshizhi, vol. 11, Ye 14b.
[48] It seems that the phenomenon of inscriptions of different periods on both sides of the stele is not uncommon. For example, the Northern Zhou Huayue Temple Stele, the stele yin is engraved with the Tang Huayue Jingxiang Monument. Stone mining is arduous and expensive, and double-sided inscriptions may save stone.
[49] Song Shibao said: "The subjects indiscriminately guarded the partial fortress, and were given the gift of the "Filial Piety Sutra" by Yumo, and were engraved again, and the ink book was awarded to all the incumbents. His Majesty the Emperor, Born to Know Ren Xiao, Out of the Emperor's Master, Yin Nian Dayang, Qualified in the Heavens and The Earth, and Riding in the Eastern Dynasty, there is nothing in the ancient world. And the virtues are sidelined, and the foreign is far away. Recommend the gentleman Webb, Tao Liyi and honor xihu. Will see the holy rule of the new day, move filial piety into loyalty, Yu Si for sheng. The subjects only obeyed the orders, and dared to unveil the Shipan Palace in order to be immortal. On September 7, the fifteenth year of Shaoxing, the Right Dynasty asked the Grand Master Quan to send the Xingguo Army to be in charge of academic affairs and to persuade the peasant camp to mention the pit ye minister Song Shi to remember. "During the Song Dynasty, the Quan Song Wen and the article supplementing the Quan Song Wen were not discussed, and according to this, the Quan Song Wen can be supplemented. During the Song Dynasty, his life is unknown. The Quan Song Wen does not have a "Song Shi" article, and hereby acknowledges it.
[50] According to the record of The Thirteenth Day of June in the first year of wulan's monasticism, this record is engraved in the lower right corner of the stone carving of the Gaozong Imperial Book of Filial Piety, which is originally inscribed, and the full text of the Continuation of the Golden Stone and the Supplement to the Golden Stone of the Eight Qiong Chambers is recorded.
[51] Lu Yaosuan: The Continuation of the Golden Stone, vol. 18, according to a photocopy of the 1921 lead print of Saoye Shanfang, China Bookstore, 1985, Ye Yia.
[52] Lu Zengxiang: "Eight Qiong Room Golden Stone Correction", vol. 114, Cultural Relics Publishing House, 1985, p. 806.
[53] Zhang Songsun Xiu, Kou Zhaoyan( Kou Zhaoyan): Records of Suining County (Qianlong) Volume II, Qianlong Fifty-two Years of the Qing Dynasty, Ye 47b.
[54] Liu Xihai: The Ancient Chronicles of Sambaku, vol. 4, The Complete Book of the Continuation of the Four Libraries, vol. 895, p. 67.
[55] The "Seven Official Carved Stone Classics of Ancient China" include the Eastern Han Dynasty Xiping Stone Classic, the Three Kingdoms Wei Zhengshi Stone Classic, the Tang Kaicheng Stone Classic, the Five Dynasties Later Shu Stone Classic, the Northern Song Jiayou Stone Classic, the Southern Song Taixue Stone Classic, and the Qingshi Classic.
[56] See Zhang Guogan: "Shi Jing Kao of the Past Dynasties, Southern Song Dynasty Stone Jing Kao", Ye 17a. Chen Guangxi and Chen Jin, "Examination of the Southern Song Dynasty Stone Classics", Zhejiang Academic Journal, No. 1, 1998, pp. 85-86.
[57] Wang Yinglin: "Yuhai", vol. 112 "School", engraved by Zhejiang Bookstore in the ninth year of Qing Guangxu, Ye Sanqia.
[58] Du Zhengxian, "Research on Lin'an, the Capital of the Southern Song Dynasty: Centered on Archaeology", Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2016, p. 447.
[59] Chen Hanzhang: The Southern Song Dynasty Stone Classic. See Yu Wanli, ed., Monographs on the Stone Classics of the Seven Dynasties of the Twentieth Century, Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, 2018, p. 1172.
[60] Wang Yinglin: Jade Sea, vol. 43, Yiwen, Ye 22a.
[61] Wu Ne: Preface to the Song of the Stone Classics. See Gui Fu: The Stone Classics of the Past Dynasties, Volume 2, Qing Guangxu Nine-Year Inscribed Edition, Ye Sanbaa.
[62] Zheng Pengxiu, Shao Qiran, (Qianlong) Hangzhou Fuzhi, vol. 60, Qianlong 49th Year Inscribed, Ye Qia.
[63] Wang Chang: "Jin Shi Extracts", vol. 148, according to the 1921 lead print photocopy of the Shan FangBen of Saha, China Bookstore, 1985, Ye Wua.
[64] Wei Shuxiu, Qiu Lian, et al.: (Kangxi) Chronicle of Qiantang County, vol. 36, Qing Kangxi Fifty-seventh Year Inscribed, Ye Yiyia.
[65] Qi Yaoshan Xiu, Wu Qingdi, Hangzhou Fuzhi (Republic of China), vol. 96, Lead Print of the Eleventh Year of the Republic of China, Ye Sana.
[66] Lü Weiqi: The Complete Works of Filial Piety, vol. 27, Qing Kangxi Inscription, Ye Shia.
[67] Detachment: History of the Song Dynasty, vol. 431, p. 12800.
[68] Wang Yinglin: Jade Sea, vol. 43, Yiwen, Ye Er3a.
[69] Huang Zhen: Huang's Ribao, Vol. 1, Jingyin Wenyuange Siku Quanshu, vol. 707, Taiwan Commercial Press, 1983, p. 2.
[70] Ruan Yuanxiu, Chen Changqi, et al.: (Daoguang) Guangdong Tongzhi, vol. 205, Ye Sana.
[71] Lu Deming: Classic Interpretations, Vol. 1, according to the Photocopy of the Song Engravings collected by the National Library of China, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1985, Ye Erjiub.
[72] Lin Xiuyi, "Restoration of Zheng Zhuben's Scriptures in the Dunhuang Testament of Filial Piety", Chinese Classics and Culture Series, Vol. 15, Phoenix Publishing House, 2013, pp. 76-86.
[73] "Jing" avoided the name of Zhao Jing, grandfather of Song Taizu, "let" avoid the name of Zhao Yunrang, the father of Emperor Yingzong of Song, and "Kuang" avoided the name of Zhao Kuangyin, the grandfather of Song Taizu. See Anon. "Rhymes of the Re-examination Department with Interpretations", with "ShaoXi's Order to Revise the Documents", "Continuation of the Four Series", according to the Changshu Qu's Iron Qin Bronze Sword Lou Collection song engraving photocopy, Shanghai Commercial Press, 1934.
[74] Zhang Lijuan, A Study on the Annotations of the Song Dynasty Scriptures, Peking University Press, 2013, p. 435.
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Originally published in Literature, No. 4, 2021, according to the author's original manuscript. Thanks to Wu Xuehan's female history and the editorial board of "Literature" for authorizing the release!
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