The interaction between Chairman Mao and Hu Shi dates back to 1917.
In an interview with american journalist Snow in Yan'an, Chairman Mao mentioned that in his youth, he greatly admired Hu Shi and Chen Duxiu and regarded them as his model.
Chairman Mao arrived in Beijing at the end of 1917 and visited Hu Shi in Satin Ku Hutong.
At that time, Chairman Mao intended to go to France to work and study, but Hu Shi was very dissatisfied with this, believing that many things in China deserved in-depth investigation and in-depth study, and advised him not to study abroad.
Chairman Mao listened to Hu Shi's advice and stayed in China.
In September of the following year, Chairman Mao returned to Beijing, worked as an assistant in the library of Peking University, and visited Hu Shi several times, hoping to use Hu Shi's reputation to return to Hunan to lead the student struggle.
Hu Shi angrily promised.
When Chairman Mao returned to Hunan to establish the Xiangjiang Review, Hu Shi did come to his aid, enthusiastically recommending the Xiangjiang Review to readers in the Weekly Review, and actively reprinting articles such as "The Great Unity of the People" written by Chairman Mao.
Chairman Mao organized the "Hunan Self-Study University" in Changsha, which was based on the speech "A Self-Study University" written by Hu Shi in 1920 and drafted the "Statute of the First Self-study University in Hunan".
After Hu Shi knew about it, he personally examined and corrected the "Statutes of Hunan First Self-study University".
In addition, there is a very deep and hidden historical record - because of Hu Shi, Chairman Mao was recommended by Liang Qichao to teach at Xiamen University.
Here's the thing: Xiamen University was newly built, and the school once wanted to invite Hu Shi to be the president of Xiamen University, but Hu Shi refused. Later, Lin Wenqing served as the president of Xiamen University. Because Xiamen University lacked teachers, Lin Wenqing wrote to Liang Qichao and asked him to help find teachers. Hu Shi told Liang Qichao about Mao Run's presidency of Hunan Self-study University. Of course, perhaps because Chairman Mao was only a graduate of the Hunan First Division, the matter was not resolved. However, this matter can also be regarded as a proof of the friendship between Hu Shi and Chairman Mao.
However, Lao Qin's previous "Chairman Mao's Poems Are Good?" Lu Xun's evaluation is very accurate, Hu Shi wants to find a stubble: there is no sentence smooth", "Hu Shi ridiculed Chairman Mao's < Qinyuan Chun > is "Xue Pan Body", and his subsequent explanation is intriguing" has already said that the so-called Tao is not incompatible. When Chairman Mao founded the Xiangjiang Review, "pointing out the country and the mountains, stirring up the writings", Hu Shi disagreed with the Marxist theory of class struggle, believing that Marx's theory of class struggle made people "invisibly cultivate a class hatred ... This has enabled many unnecessary tragedies in history to be performed" and put forward the idea of "studying more problems and talking less about doctrines." In 1927, when old Chiang Kai-shek rebelled against the revolution and the second civil revolutionary war broke out, Hu Shi disapproved of the ARMED struggle of the CCP, sided with the Kuomintang, and after the "Xi'an Incident" fell to Old Chiang, pinning his hopes on Old Chiang. So much so that during the peace talks in Chongqing, he wrote a letter to persuade Chairman Mao to disband the army and join the Kuomintang government, and threatened that "we must not be small and intolerable and cause self-destruction." When intimidation did not bear fruit, he first took the lead in supporting The "Provisional Provisions for the Period of Mobilization and Suppression of Rebellion" put forward by Mo Dehui at the "Constitutional National Congress," and then actively came forward to persuade US Ambassador to China Stuart Layden to return to the United States to sponsor lao Chiang to carry out the civil war, and eventually became an accomplice of the "first-class war criminals."
In 1958 and 1959, Hu Shi read Chairman Mao's poems "Butterfly Loves Flowers and Gives Li Shuyi", "Qinyuan Chun Changsha" and "Qinyuan Chun Xue" respectively.
For "Butterfly Love Flower Gift Li Shuyi", Hu Shi's evaluation is "no rhyme" and "no sentence".
For "Qinyuan Chun Changsha" and "Qinyuan Chun Xue", he said with great insult: Some of the sentences in these two poems are not worthy of being called "Xue Pan Body".
Here's how Hu Shi commented on his first reading of Chairman Mao's two other masterpieces, "Seven Laws, the Long March" and "Qingping Le Liupanshan, in February 1941."
Notice the point in time of February 1941.
At that time, the two parties were cooperating to resist Japan, and Hu Shi had not yet written a letter to intimidate Chairman Mao, nor had he forcefully asked Stuart Leiden to return to the United States to sponsor the civil war.
The Seven Laws of the Long March and The Qingping Le Liupanshan are both works created in October 1935.
However, "The Seven Laws and the Long March" is about the joy of the Red Army having completed the 25,000-mile Long March and triumphantly arrived at the revolutionary base area in northern Shaanxi.
That is to say, the appearance time of "Qingping Le Liupanshan" is earlier,
It is said that chairman Mao led the Central Red Army to break through the dangerous Lazikou and reach hadapu in the south of Min County, Gansu Province, on September 20, 1935. Seven days later, in the town of Bangluo, the Politburo of the CENTRAL Committee met and discussed and made the decision to go to northern Shaanxi to join the Red Army in northern Shaanxi.
The troops had reached Liupan Mountain in the southern mountains of Ningxia, but they were surrounded and blocked by many Kuomintang troops: Li Yingbu of the 24th Division of the Kuomintang 37th Army had reached the front line of Jingning and Longde, the 22nd Brigade of the Tao Zhiyue Department of the 8th Division had also rear-ended to the west side of Liupan Mountain, and two cavalry companies of the 19th Regiment of the 7th Cavalry Division of the Kuomintang 37th Army had already occupied Qingshizui Village in Kaicheng Township, Guyuan County.
As the saying goes, when narrow roads meet, the brave win.
Chairman Mao ordered Lin Biao, commander of the First Column of the Central Red Army, to clear out the Kuomintang cavalry units in Qingshizui Village.
Lin Biao dared to fight bravely, and he quickly made combat arrangements: a large group of the first column and five brigades attacked from both flanks, and the four brigades launched a frontal charge.
The battle lasted only half an hour, and then the Nationalist cavalry troops entrenched in Qingshizui were completely annihilated.
When the good news came, Chairman Mao was standing on the top of Liupan Mountain with Zhang Wentian, Wang Jiaxiang, and others, and he said in a loud voice to Zhang Wentian and others: "The peak of these six pan mountains can be observed in three provinces, and we are about to reach northern Shaanxi!" ”
It coincided with the rain, the sky was high and cloudy, the blue sky was like a wash, and it was blue.
Chairman Mao's poems flourished, and he wrote and chanted Oh, and he got a poem of "Ballad of the Long March", Yun:
The sky is high and the clouds are light, looking at the south to return to the geese, not to the Great Wall is not a good man!
Comrades, the trip has reached twenty thousand!
Liupan Mountain Ya Mountain peak, red flag sweeping west wind.
Today, with the long wisps, comrades, when will you tie up the dragon?
Comrades, when will the dragon be bound?
Needless to say, this is just a draft, and many words can be polished, but it is already a meteorological gem and a world of pride.
After that, Chairman Mao made a total of 8 revisions, and the final draft was "Qing Ping Le Liupan Shan", which was:
The sky is high and cloudy, looking at the flying geese in the south.
Less than the Great Wall is not a good man, the itinerary is twenty thousand.
The peak of Liupan Mountain, the red flag swept the west wind.
Today the long wisp is in the hand, when to tie the dragon.
At present, the "Liupanshan Red Army Long March Memorial Hall" still treasures Chairman Mao's four revised drafts.
These 4 revisions have all been substantially revised.
The other four changes were only on individual words.
8 times of modification, it can be said that it is carefully polished and carefully tempered.
Therefore, "Qing Ping Le Liupan Shan" was launched with the final draft and became a classic.
However, like Chairman Mao's other poems, it was only widely circulated in the Red Army and later the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, and was not officially published in the press.
So, how did Hu Shi read the poems "Seven Laws, Long March" and "Qingping Le Liupanshan"?
It turned out that a person with the name "Ye Lin" had written an article entitled "Fragments of Zhu Mao" in the Overseas Chinese Daily in the United States, which quoted Chairman Mao's two poems, "Seven Laws, Long March" and "Qingping Le, Liupanshan," as well as three poems by Zhu De.
At that time, Hu Shi was serving as an ambassador in the United States, and when he read this article, he was very interested, so he cut it out, pasted it on his diary, and wrote a comment: New people prefer to do old poems, which is really strange!