As the saying goes, three hundred and sixty lines, the line of action out of the yuan, in each field there are outstanding people. Ancient China had a vast land and a large population, and the most important thing was "talent"; no matter what field, the cattle people grabbed a big hand, making people unable to be picky. So, with so many celebrities, who can be called "holy"? The so-called "holy", that is, in a certain field is the existence of no1. Here, let's take a look at who is the no1 in the fields of literature, martial arts, poetry, words, history, books, paintings, characters, tea, wine, medicine, and music.
01. Wen Sheng - Zhou Gong, Confucius, Ouyang Xiu
Chinese culture is broad and profound, and there are many talents in the field of ideology and culture, and there are three people who can be called "holy", namely Zhou Gong, Confucius, and Ouyang Xiu. Zhou Gong was the idol of Confucius, he made ceremonies and music, laying the foundation of Chinese etiquette culture, the literary scholar Jia Yi once commented: "Before Confucius, after the Yellow Emperor, there are people who have great relations in China, Zhou Gong is only alone!" Needless to say, the Confucian scholar and doctor called himself "Confucius's successor", and he admired him so much that he was naturally a saint of literature. Ouyang Xiu was general in the political field, strong in the cultural field, one of the eight masters of the Tang and Song dynasties, and now middle school students are still studying his prose.
02. Wu Sheng - Jiang Ziya, Guan Yu, Yue Fei
Confucius said: "Wen wu is one piece and one relaxation", ancient China not only attached importance to literature, but also attached importance to martial arts, and took both culture and martial arts into account. Known as wusheng are Jiang Ziya, Guan Yu, Yue Fei and other three. Jiang Ziya, who laid the foundation of the Zhou Dynasty for 800 years, was the lord of the Wu Temple sacrifice and was called "King Wucheng". Guan Yu, the embodiment of loyalty, the flooded Seventh Army, Wei Zhen Huaxia, now when it comes to Martial Saint, the first thing that everyone thinks of is Guan Yu. Yue Fei, the hero of the anti-Jin Dynasty, died with hatred, and a song "Man Jiang Hong" has been passed down to this day.
03. Shisheng - Du Fu
During the Tang Dynasty, there were two major poets, "Poetry Immortal" Li Bai and "Poetry Saint" Du Fu, who was called "Li Du" at the time. Compared with Li Bai, Du Fu witnessed the transformation of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, and his poetry was full of worries about the country and the people. The Quan Tang Poetry commented on it as follows: "Cover its provenance, joy and sorrow, good and evil, once seen in poetry." And it is based on loyalty to the king and worries about the country, and confusion when hurting. Reading his poems can know his world, so it was called "poetic history" at that time. ”
04. Shi Sheng - Sima Qian
Ancient China attached great importance to the revision of history, and the first person who could write a straight book was Sima Qian, who was not afraid of the powerful and wrote down the truth truthfully. In order to intercede for Li Ling, he did not hesitate to offend Emperor Wu of Han and suffer the humiliation of palace punishment, and finally wrote the famous book "History" throughout the ages. Historian Zheng Qiao commented: "Hundred sons and hundreds of families, empty words and books, real deeds of the past, no discipline." The Sima Qian father and son Shisi classics, worked in production, from the Yellow Emperor, down to the Qin and Han Dynasties, le into a book, divided into five bodies: the chronicle of the present era, the family generations, the table to the calendar, the book to the similar things, and the transmission to the Yarrow people. Historians cannot change their methods, and scholars cannot change their books. After the Six Classics, there is only this book. ”
05. Word Saint - Su Shi
Tang poetry Song Song Yuanqu, Su Shi as a representative of the bold school, known as "word sage", his life composed a lot of lyrics, and now the majority of middle school students are still learning his "Chibi Fu", "Nian Nu Jiao Chibi Huaigu", "Huan Xi Sha" and other beautiful words. Guoxue master Wang Guowei commented: "With Song ci than Tang poetry, the eastern slope is like Taibai, Ou and Qin are like Mojie, Qi Qing is like Lotte, and Fang Hui and Shu principle are like the Ten Sons of the Great Calendar." Lin Yutang commented: "Su Dongpo is a hopeless optimist, a great humanitarian, a friend of the people, a great literary hero, a great calligrapher, an innovative painter, a wine-making experimenter, an engineer, and so on. It can be seen that Su Shi's energy is still very large.
06. Qu Sheng - Guan Hanqing
Guan Hanqing is the most famous of the four yuanqu masters, and his famous book "Dou E'er" has been praised by the majority of scholars, calling it "Qu Sheng" worthy of the name. Guan Hanqing's image of "I am a steamed, uncooked, beaten, fried, and ringing a copper pea" is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. In 1958, Guan Hanqing was hailed as one of the "World's Top Ten Cultural Celebrities", the Chinese version of "Shakespeare", whose influence transcended national borders and spread across the globe.
07. Shusheng - Wang Xizhi
The art of calligraphy, China dominates, and it is difficult for countries to look up to it, mainly thanks to the credit of Chinese characters. In the field of calligraphy, Wang Xizhi said that he was second, and it is estimated that no one dared to say that he was the first, and his article "Lanting Collection" laid the foundation for his status as a "book saint". Tang Taizong commented: "The heart is chasing after the hand, this person is just that, the rest of the districts and so on, he foot on the ya!" Xiao Yan commented: "The words of Wang Xizhi are majestic, such as the dragon jumping the heavenly gate, the tiger lying in the phoenix, so the treasures of the past generations will always be a lesson." In addition, Wang Xizhi was also a great general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, but he did not have the talent to lead the troops, and he was a "door valve general" who rose to the throne by the surname of "Wang".
08. Painting Saint - Wu Daozi
Wu Daozi, a famous painter of the Tang Dynasty, can paint everything in the fields of Buddha's Tao, gods and ghosts, figures, landscapes, birds and beasts, grass and trees, pavilions and other fields, especially proficient in Buddhist Taoism and characters, known as "Painting Sage", represented as "Sending Sons and Heavenly Kings" and so on. Zhang Yanyuan commented: "Since I have taken care of the land, the paintings are rare, and it is difficult to know in detail. Looking at the traces of Wu Daoxuan, it can be said that the six laws are complete, everything will be exhausted, the gods and men will fake their hands, and the poor will be created. The handwriting is so sharp that it lingers on the walls; its fine paintings are so dense that this deity "praises his painting style."
09. Cao Sheng - Zhang Xu
Compared with Wang Xi's travel book, Zhang Xu is best at cursive writing, and his penmanship is crazy and amazing, and it is not an exaggeration to call it "grass sage". It is said that Zhang Xu rarely used pen and paper to write cursive, drank three times, directly dipped his hair in ink, flew across the wall, and woke up the next day without even knowing what he had written. Such a style, and Huai Su have a fight. Han Yu commented: "Looking at things, seeing mountains and cliffs, birds, beasts, insects and fish, flowers and trees of grass and trees, sun and moon stars, wind and rain, water and fire, thunder and thunder, song and dance battles, changes in heaven and earth, it is gratifying and shocking, a dwelling in a book, so the book of Xu, the change of ghosts and gods, can not be forgotten, so that he will be named in the future generations." ”
10. Tea Saint - Lu Yu
When it comes to drinking tea, many people first think of the Japanese "tea ceremony" culture, which is comfortable and elegant in its tea drinking environment. In fact, the wind of tea drinking was first popular in China, and then spread to Japan, where China is the teacher and Japan is the student. Lu Yu, known as "Tea Sage", is the author of the world's first tea drinking monograph "Tea Classic", and has a deep study of the selection, cultivation, planting, processing, and tea tasting of tea leaves. Chen Shidao commented: "The book of Fu Cha, from the beginning of Yu; Its use in the world has also been since the beginning of the feather. Yu Makoto has contributed to the tea people also. ShangziGong Province, Xiayi Yili, Wai and Rong Yi Mandi, Bin Qi Yan Xiang, pre-Chen Yuqian. ”
11. Wine Saint - Du kang
Cao Cao, the tyrant of the chaotic world, "Short Song Line": "When singing about wine, life is geometric!" For example, the morning dew, going to the day is more bitter. It is unforgettable to be worried. How to relieve worries? Only Du kang. Qingqing Zizhen, leisurely my heart. But for the sake of the king, he has been groaning to this day. "Talked about Dukham. Well, who is Du Kang. Du Kang, that is, Shao Kang, the emperor of the Shang Dynasty, loved to drink alcohol and wine, and was called "wine saint". Historians commented: "The xing of wine, Zhaozi Shanghuang, or Yun Yidi, a Du Kang." There is no end to the meal, the remnants of the empty mulberry, the depressed fruit into the taste, the long-term storage of qi, this is out of this, not by the strange side. "Affirmed Du Kang's contribution to China's wine industry."
12. Medical Saint - Zhang Zhongjing
There are three masters in the field of ancient Chinese medicine, namely Bian Que, Hua Tuo, Zhang Zhongjing, etc., all three of whom have made great contributions to medicine and are world-class cultural celebrities. Zhang Zhongjing, known as "Medical Saint", was a famous medical expert in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and his book "On Typhoid Fever and Miscellaneous Diseases" systematically analyzed the causes, symptoms, development stages and treatment methods of typhoid fever, creatively established the dialectical treatment principle of "classification" of typhoid fever, and laid the theoretical foundation of theory, law, prescription and medicine. Today, "On Typhoid Fever and Miscellaneous Diseases" has been translated into many languages and circulated around the world.
In addition to Wensheng, Wusheng, Poetry Sheng, Zisheng, Shi Sheng, Shu Sheng, Painting Sheng, Cao Sheng, Tea Sheng, Wine Sheng, Medical Sheng, Qu Sheng, etc., do you know who else can be called "Sheng"? Except for the Love Saint and the Great Saint of Qi Tian. Welcome to leave a message to share.