Westbound
During the Two Jin Dynasties and the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Northern Han people took refuge in groups in Fujian and crossed the south in their clothes, bringing with them the food culture of the North. Since the Tang and Song dynasties, the cooking techniques of Beijing, Guangzhou, Suzhou, Hangzhou and overseas have also been introduced, combined with local culture and customs, and gradually developed into a southern Fujian cuisine system. Since the reform and opening up, Quanzhou has continuously evolved towards a fine, light and elegant character through the introduction of output cooking technology, forming a new Quanzhou cuisine.
Quanzhou cuisine, rigorous knife work, into the fun dishes; soup dishes, fresh taste; strange seasoning, luscious aroma; cooking delicate, colorful. These characteristics are vividly reflected in cooking techniques and soup boiling.
Fujian cuisine is one of the eight major cuisines in China, and Minnan cuisine is an important part of it, which covers the dishes of the "Golden Triangle of Southern Fujian" in Quanzhou, Xiamen and Zhangzhou, Fujian, and has an important relationship with the cuisines of Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao and Southeast Asia.
Minnan cuisine is fresh and crisp, pay attention to the soup estimation, the taste is light, sweet and sour, Chinese and Western, endless changes, its cooking techniques are diverse, there are fried, fried, boiled, stewed, stewed, fried, halogenated, fire, pyrotechnic, pouring, steaming and so on.
Specialty dishes
Osmanthus clam meat, red braised river eel, East Wall Dragon Ball
Steamed bamboo shoot river perch, oil and fire bureau red sturgeon, orange juice after-force fish
Snack
Meat brown, noodle paste, deep Shanghai fish balls, flat food, shishi sweet fruit
Fried dates, snail meat bowl cake, earthen shoot jelly, taro balls, triad noodles
Native to southern Fujian
Such as Xunpu oysters, Sunjiang perch, sand bugs in Xinqiao Creek, and "Lamao" in Fuqiao Creek
Eels from Jinjiqiao Creek, Yanling this melon (loofah), And Chen Dai mud clams
Shihu red cream sturgeon, Longhu phnom penh turtle, Yakou peanut, Hui'an sweet potato
Lingshui vegetables, Xibin wine, Yongchun bad vegetables, Anxi tea leaves, Yongchun reeds
Origins of cuisine
Quanzhou has a long history and a long history, and has a history of 1233 years and has an extremely rich traditional cultural heritage. Local culture (also known as Minyue culture), Central Plains culture, Haisi culture and other diverse languages are integrated here and carried forward. The culture of the Central Plains was introduced to Quanzhou as far back as the southern and northern dynasties of the two Jin Dynasties. This was a famous period of turmoil and uneasiness in China's history, when the northern Han chinese took refuge in Fujian in droves. This is the so-called "southern crossing of the crown" in history, at this time and the subsequent Han people who entered Fujian, divided into three large groups, from the upper to the lower, forming three climaxes into Fujian. Most of them live in places with convenient transportation and fertile land along the Jinjiang River, and are scattered in the coastal areas of the Jinjiang River.
The Central Plains Han culture has played a positive role in promoting the development, formation and prosperity of the Quannan culture. The Han people who entered Fujian brought not only advanced Central Plains culture, production technology, but also brought the ancient food culture of the Central Plains, some cooking techniques have been preserved to this day, such as "soup" food, the north is used to call boiled or steamed juice, paste, frozen food, and Quanzhou meat soup, insect Haozai soup, powder soup retain the most quaint cooking methods.
The origin of the Hai Silk Road culture was the opening of the Maritime Silk Road, and the Ming Dynasty Zheng He's voyage to the West was a continuation of the Hai Silk Road. Especially since the Tang and Song dynasties, with Quanzhou's foreign trade and merchants gathering, economic trade and multicultural exchanges have become increasingly prosperous. For example, Quanzhou Xiamen's unique "Sha Ta" food is a witness to the integration of Chinese and foreign food cultures. Cooking techniques in Beijing, Guangzhou, Suzhou, Hangzhou and overseas have also been introduced. Combined with local culture and local customs, it has gradually developed and formed a southern Fujian cuisine system. Minnan cuisine should be the crystallization of the combination of multiculturalism, derived from the major influence of Minyue culture, Central Plains culture and Haisi culture. On the basis of inheriting traditional skills, Minnan cuisine collects the essence of various dishes and adjusts and changes rough and greasy customs. Especially since the reform and opening up, in addition to its great influence on the surrounding areas, it has also continuously evolved towards a fine, light and elegant character through the introduction of output cooking technology. A new Quanzhou cuisine was formed.
Flavor characteristics
Quanzhou is located in the combination of mountains and seas, located in the southeast coast of China, carrying mountains, mild climate, abundant rainfall, evergreen earth, four seasons like spring, coastal area coastline is long, shallow beaches are vast, fish, shrimp, snails, mussels, sturgeon, oysters and other sea faults are endless all year round. And rich in rice, sugar, vegetables, fruits, especially lychees, longan, citrus and other good fruits are well-known at home and abroad. The mountains and streams are rich in tea, shiitake mushrooms, bamboo shoots, stalagmites, stone scales, river eels, turtles, pangolins and other rare wild game. There are poems such as "Tea shoots and mountain trees are spared all over the world", "Fish salt mirages and clams are rich and green", as well as poems such as "two letters are born in the sea, fish and shrimp enter the market regardless of money", "clams and clams have two tongues, and there are many delicious seafood in the food", which are all high praises of the ancients for Quanzhou's wealth.
Quanzhou is also the earliest coastal development city, the starting point of the Maritime Silk Road in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and the Anchor of zheng He in the Ming Dynasty when he went to the West. From the outside, a lot of "imported products" have been introduced, such as curry, pepper, sand tea, mustard and other spicy spices, forming a minnan cuisine style with Fujian flavor as the main body and multi-channel absorption of "Western flavor". Nowadays, the flavor of the ancient city of Quanzhou, in addition to the snacks still maintaining the antique characteristics, most of the large dishes, with the spring breeze of reform, have changed the past tradition of many ingredients and strong umami, and are more suitable for the tastes of modern people.
Cultural characteristics
The ancestors of Quanzhou made full use of the strong historical and cultural accumulation and unique mountain and sea resources, compatible with the essence of Chinese and foreign food culture, and gradually formed a genre of Minnan cuisine with simple form, fragrant taste, mellow and delicious flavor, which is inseparable from the splendid Quannan culture, and also from the simple, tolerant and hospitable folk culture of Quanzhou people.
Historically, Quanzhou was a holy place for various religious activities in the world, and now it has preserved more than a dozen religious relics, mainly Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Christianity, and Manichaeism. "Longqing Fu Zhi" said: "The wind and temperature of the spring land are melting, and the human quality and quality are solid... In the past, it was called the Buddha Kingdom, known as the Seaside Zoulu. "Formed a unique Quanzhou food folk culture, including new year festivals, etiquette and other food customs, spring customs wedding and funeral celebrations, worship gods and ancestors, in addition to the feast banquet, there are many flavors of small food etiquette food, many ordinary families every New Year's Festival, every household must cook and produce, can be sacrificed, can be invited, can be written banquet, can also be gifted to relatives and friends, such as lantern festival Lantern Pills, Spring Festival rice cakes, sweet fruits, Qingming Festival wheat stuffing fruit, Dragon Boat Festival zongzi, children 'full moon" "full moon pills", Shou turtle, wedding "big flower bags" "gift cakes" and so on. In addition to the New Year's Festival, ceremonial food customs, there are also three meals a day, Quanzhou people's daily food customs and most parts of China, are the implementation of a day morning, lunch, evening three meals system. There are also refreshments as a complement to the meal.
Restricted by the local natural environment, economic conditions and production methods, since ancient times, Quanzhou people have "relying on the mountains to eat the mountains, relying on the sea to eat the sea" as the feeding principle, the diet structure has its own search, the staple food raw materials are rice, sweet potatoes (sweet potato), barley as the mainstay, and the production methods of the staple food are dry rice and porridge. Dim sum is mainly snacks, such as "triple noodles", "soy milk", "peanut milk", etc., or gifts of ceremonial food from relatives and friends. There is also a unique way of eating, which is the main and secondary food "two-in-one" way of eating, that is, the vegetables, seafood, meat and other foods are directly cooked with the staple foods into salty rice and salty porridge, such as cabbage rice, mustard rice, red paste sturgeon rice, peanut kernel porridge, oyster boy Zhao, duck porridge, sweet potato porridge, which not only saves cooking, cooking time, but also delicious and time-saving, which are the unique styles of Southern Fujian cuisine.
Development heritage
Quanzhou is one of China's famous historical and cultural cities, but also an ancient port city, as early as the Tang Dynasty has become China's foreign trade four major commercial ports, with more than 100 countries and regions have trade and friendly exchanges, song and Yuan period more with "thorn Tong Port" at home and abroad, known as "Oriental Alexander Port" and "City of Light", there appeared "seven states of the city, the sound of the sea in the sound of the world merchants" prosperous scene, the Ming Dynasty Zheng He went to the West, the Qing Dynasty Zheng successfully recovered Taiwan, in the early 20th century, there were many Quanzhou people in nanyang to work, Due to the frequent exchanges and the expansion of foreign exchanges, the exchange and integration of Chinese and foreign food cultures have become closer, so that the flavor of Minnan cuisine not only affects Zhang, Xiamen, Chaoshan and Taiwan Straits but also exports to foreign countries.
Li Xinrong, chief editor of Westbound
Qinba beautiful country, hand in hand with you to create a better life!