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Keywords: Chinese History, Red Turban Rebellion, Han Shantong, Xiaoming Wang, Han Lin'er, Song Huizong, Li Zicheng, Jianwen Emperor
Confucius said: "If the name is not correct, the words are not smooth." Since ancient times, the rebellion has also paid attention to the name of a "teacher", whether it can play a banner of justice, it is related to the backfire of people's hearts. In feudal society, where the concept of mendi was particularly strong, birth was particularly important. Even if there is no noble origin, the emperors of the past must find a noble ancestor for themselves. For example, the Shu Emperor Liu Bei claimed to be a descendant of Liu Sheng, the King of Jing in Han Zhongshan, Li Shimin of Tang Taizong claimed to be a descendant of the sage Lao Zi Li Er, and the Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin claimed to be a descendant of Zhao Gongming, the god of wealth, and Hong Xiuquan, the King of Heaven, directly became the brother of Jesus.
[Rebellion also pays attention to "justification of the name"]
The false recognition of ancestors, all kinds of things are for a noble birth. Although there is no scientific basis for Liu Bei, Li Shimin, Zhao Kuangyin and others to recognize the ancestors, they do not say it. A single person with the same surname can fool the common people into passing. However, Han Shantong, the Ming king at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, had to swear that he was a descendant of Emperor Huizong of Song, one surnamed Han and one surnamed Zhao, and the things that the eight rods could not fight were bound to be linked alive. Li Zicheng, who overthrew the Ming Dynasty, even claimed to be a descendant of Emperor Jianwen of the Ming Dynasty, which was even more jaw-dropping.
Speaking of White Lotus Religion, successive emperors have had a headache, this mutated secret organization that integrates Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, and Manichaeism, from the origin of the Song Dynasty to the fall of the Qing Dynasty, has done one thing, uprising or uprising. This White Lotus Sect has nothing to do with the emperor's surname and what dime, and whoever becomes the emperor and I can't get by. In the last year of the Yuan Dynasty, the common people could not survive, and the White Lotus Sect began to stir up the wind and waves again, this time the leader was called Han Shantong.
[Is Han Shantong a descendant of Emperor Huizong of Song?] 】
This Han Shantong was not self-taught for the White Lotus Sect, but was born into the White Lotus Sect family, his grandfather was the leader of the White Lotus Sect, and after Han Shantong became the Protestant leader of the White Lotus Sect, he threw out a prophecy: "When the world is in chaos, Maitreya Buddha will be born, and the Ming King will be born." Han Shantong regarded himself as the "Ming King" who was born. With the mentality of people thinking of Song, Han Shantong claimed to be the eighth grandson of Emperor Huizong of Song. However, before Han Shantong, the Ming King, was born, he was hunted and killed. Han Shantong's hardcore brother Liu Futong, who claimed to be a descendant of the Song Dynasty general Liu Guangshi, found Han Shantong's son Han Lin'er and called himself "Xiaoming Wang" to pull up the "Red Turban Army".
According to Ye Ziqi's "Grass and Muzi" at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Han Shantong killed the black bull and white horse, swore to heaven and earth, prepared for an uprising, and issued a text saying, "Yun Yuxi is in Haidong, and the elite soldiers are taken from Japan." Poor Pole South, Rich Quasai North". According to the "Record of Quitting Cultivation", the rebels fought "three thousand tigers, straight to the land of Youyan; Dragon flies ninety-five, reopening the banner of the Great Song Heaven"
The sentence "Containing jade seals in Haidong and taking elite soldiers in Japan" in the text originates from a legend in the last years of the Song Dynasty. Legend has it that in the Battle of Yashan, the remnants of the Southern Song Dynasty, led by Zhao Fu the King of Guang and Zhao Fu the Prince of Wei, completely perished and the Zhao song dynasty fell. However, it is rumored that Zhao Fu did not die when he threw water and was rescued by Chen Yi, the minister of state, and retreated to Japan. Therefore, there is the above statement that the Chuanguo Jade Seal was retrieved in Haidong Japan, and the elite soldiers were borrowed in Japan, and the dragon flew ninety-five, and the heavens of the Great Song Dynasty were reopened. And Han Shantong is a descendant of Zhao Fu, in order to reorganize the Great Song Dynasty, the hidden surname is buried as "Han".
Han Shantong pretended to be a descendant of the Zhao and Song royal families, which is a bit far-fetched to think of now, but it was very appealing at the time. At that time, the Red Turban Army was divided into the Red Turban Army of the South Road of Monk Peng and the Red Turban Army of the North Road of Han Lin'er, the son of Han Shantong. Both sides take Song as the national name, which shows that the sign of "Great Song" still has appeal. Han Lin'er North Road Red Turban Army founded the Great Song Dynasty, the era name "Dragon Phoenix", directly as a descendant of Zhao Song, launched a campaign to restore the Shendu, and recovered the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, "Bieliang", and moved the capital here, so that the "Great Song Regime" of the Red Turban Army on North Road was in full swing. The Red Turban Army on the South Road did not change the name of the country to "Han" until Chen Youyi usurped power.
The Red Turban Army on the North Road was defeated, and when Zhu Yuanzhang invited King Xiaoming to Yingtian, he secretly ordered his subordinates to sink King Xiaoming to death in the river, and Zhu Yuanzhang declared himself emperor in Yingtian and determined the name of the country as "Daming". The "Initial Sketch of Daming" records: "The national name is Daming, and the Xiaoming number of Chenglin Er is also." ”
[Li Chuangwang is also a big fool]
By the end of the Ming Dynasty, 13 peasants in northern Shaanxi had revolted, with Li Zicheng being the most powerful. At that time, although the Ming Dynasty was corrupt, the Chongzhen Emperor was not bad, and Li Zicheng was also facing the attitude of being unknown. Li Zicheng had a clever move, and when attacking Taiyuan, he sent a text saying: "To the evil son of Emperor Jianwen of Zu, take refuge and change his surname." Today's destiny is restored, and the relics are returned, and the people of the land, and the people of my land. ”
[Li Zicheng is a descendant of Emperor Jianwen?] 】
Here, Li Zicheng transformed himself into a descendant of Emperor Jianwen, the grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang, who was invisible and exiled to the people, and wanted to snatch back the Jiangshan that belonged to Emperor Jianwen's lineage from the descendants of Zhu Di, the ancestor of Ming Cheng. It is said that this Jianwen Emperor was taken by his uncle Zhu Di, and the folk rumors did not die, but went into exile and became a monk. It is indeed similar to Han Shantong's false claim to be a descendant of zhao and song. It is not known whether Li Zicheng's play is useful or not. However, this act of transforming himself into Zhu Yuanzhang's "great-grandson" to destroy the Ming Dynasty in one fell swoop is not a little worse than that of the eldest old man Han Shantong. It seems that those who have achieved great things only dare not do it, and who dare not think about it.
History proves that Li Zicheng is worthy of being the leading big brother, and there are also legends of brothers in the rivers and lakes. This Li ChuangWang, saying whose descendants are not good, preferring to say That Emperor Jianwen, this mouth is simply "open light", it is rumored that Li Zicheng did not die, and became a monk in the Jiashan Temple in Shimen, Hunan. Finally, it had something to do with Emperor Jianwen.
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