What I am reading now is a special kind of family letter—suicide notes, or extinct writings. As the last family letter in his life, it is even more precious and pathetic. Life and death, the great sorrow of life. However, for the sake of the revolutionary cause, they threw their heads and spilled their blood, but they did not hesitate.
In 1929, on the last day of his life at the age of 33, Peng Pan wrote to "Guansheng", that is, Zhou Enlai's last message in prison: "Guansheng and the old and young in the family: I am unable to save my life by waiting for this white murder... We are in good spirits here, brothers, do not be sad because of the sacrifice of brothers and so on. Take care of your body" (Figure 1). Zhou Enlai went all out to rescue him, but in the end he was powerless...
Shi Yanfen's suicide note is shocking, because it is written in blood: "Dear brothers and sisters: I am forever with you now!" My death, for society, for the nation and for mankind, is glorious and necessary. (Figure 2)
Xiao Minghua's followers called "Brother Pillar and Sister-in-law Xiang": "Please don't be too sad, be sure to take care of your body, and your health comes first... I was calm. I wish you and your children well. (Figure 3)
Zhu Xingnan wrote to his family: "In the future, you should find a bright and happy path everywhere, and use your free and autonomous authority to break all the false Tao laws of the old society." (Figure 4)
Xu Wei wrote to the whole family: "I take the world as my home, my remains can be placed everywhere, it is corrupt, there is no need to transport it back, and I don't spend money on the hangying tomb... I am now as calm as a mirror and not in pain... Do not read. (Figure 5)
Wang Desan wrote to his father Wang Zhixuan, and the words were extremely exciting. Since he left home to study at the age of 21 and joined the revolution, he never saw his father again, and could only persuade his father in a letter: "The son is already in this situation, if you want to steal your life, then you must do something shameless, then what face does your son have to live in the world?" (Figure 6)
Ji Hongchang wrote to his wife Hu Hongxia: "My husband is dead! It is a sacrifice for the times" (Figure 7). This 11-word sentence alone shows the revolutionary pride of this revolutionary pioneer in striving for national liberation and realizing revolutionary ideals.
Wang Xiaohe wrote to his wife Xin Yuying: "You really worked hard for me. Although this painstaking effort today cannot be obtained in the United States, it is finally rewarding... I hope you have a smooth delivery! The future child will call him Peimin! Take good care of your body..." (Figure 8)
These martyrs, they are not calligraphers, but they are better than calligraphers. At the moment of life and death, I quickly said the things I wanted to explain to my family, and although I had regrets, I tried not to leave regrets. There is no intention of work, books are precious. The most rare thing is that the courage to see death as a homecoming gives calligraphy a rare calm, as usual, showing the heroic nature of communists.
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Supplement: Peng Pan was praised by Mao Zedong as the "king of the peasant movement". He opened the Peasant Movement Training Institute, was the first director of the Guangzhou Peasant Movement Institute, and led the establishment of China's first red power, the Hailufeng Soviet Government. On August 30, 1929, the sixth day after Peng Pan's arrest, it was also the last day of his life at the age of 33. Before the uprising, the letter to Zhou Enlai was only a few hundred words in content, pouring out his strong feelings for the party and revolutionary comrades, as well as his enthusiasm for the revolutionary cause. The "guansheng" in the letter is Zhou Enlai. Peng Pan and Zhou Enlai met in Japan in 1917, and the two formed a deep friendship. The handwriting is scattered and the inscriptions are integrated. (Figure 1)
Supplementary note: This family letter was written on rice paper with blood, and the original is now in the Nanjing Yuhuatai Martyrs Memorial Hall. Shi Yanfen joined the Communist Party of China in 1927 and served as the secretary of the Yixing County Committee of the Communist Youth League; in November of that year, he served as the deputy commander-in-chief of the Yixing Peasant Rebellion; on May 5, 1928, Shi Yanfen was unfortunately arrested when he attended the meeting of the Central University Branch of the Communist Youth League in Nanjing, and later heroically took up his righteousness at Yuhuatai in Nanjing. He was imprisoned for four months, facing the severe torture of the enemy, not letting go and not bowing his head. In the blood book, he left behind his earnest exhortations and immortal revolutionary spirit to his underage siblings. The handwriting is somewhat sloppy, but the pen and ink kung fu is very deep, mainly taking the method Of Huang Tingjian, which is extremely rare. (Figure 2)
Addendum: Xiao Minghua was once called "China's most promising female writer" by the famous writer Xie Bingying, and eventually, Xiao Minghua embarked on the revolutionary road and lurked in Taiwan. The People's Liberation Army successfully liberated Hainan Island on May 1, 1951, and the Zhoushan Islands on May 19, 1951, and Xiao Minghua and others contributed to it. Xiao Minghua spent a difficult 278 days in prison. Until the early morning of November 8, 1950, I bid farewell to my friends and picked up a pen to leave a final entrustment to my relatives. She wrote in her suicide note: "Don't take my bones back to your hometown, just let her be in Taiwan." "The glyph is stable and casual, and the difference between thickness and thickness is large, especially the time and place of the payment are very clear, which shows that Xiao Minghua's mood is calm and calm.
Supplementary note: Zhu Xingnan's family was once the richest man in Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, and his life was very rich. But the affluent life does not lose its inner pursuit. In 1927, Zhu Xingnan joined the Communist Party of China. Zhu Xingnan, who was originally engaged in the study of traditional Chinese medicine, did not become a doctor, but embarked on the revolutionary road and paid for it with his life. On May 19, 1931, Zhu Xingnan bravely took up his righteousness at Yuhuatai in Nanjing. It is speculated that this suicide note was written on the back of the manuscript paper, with a calm and elegant attitude, at any time to live and die, but it is also eloquent, not informal. (Figure 4)
Addendum: Xu Wei is a native of Haimen County, Jiangsu Province, and joined the Communist Party of China in 1924. In 1927, he was appointed secretary of the Shanghai District Committee of the Communist Youth League, and in September of the same year, he was transferred to the Standing Committee of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and the secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League, and was arrested on November 6. On May 3, 1928, he was killed in the Zhejiang Army Prison. The suicide note was found in his pocket in August 1930 after Chen Jingsen, the head of the Hangzhou Student Federation, was inaugurated in an army prison. Previously, it was suspected to be Chen Jingsen's suicide note, but in 1982, the Zhejiang Provincial Party History Data Collection Workers examined it from many sources and determined that it was Xu Wei's suicide note. Nine is Xu Wei's milk name. The handwriting has a strong Wei monumental interest, and the pen and ink kung fu is very deep. (Figure 5)
Supplementary note: Wang Desan, formerly known as Wang Maoting, a native of Xiangyun, Yunnan, was one of the main founders of the Party organization in northern Shaanxi and the pioneer and founder of the Yunnan People's Liberation Road. On December 31, 1930, Wang Desan was arrested and imprisoned in Kunming and bravely rebelled. In this heavy suicide note, Wang Desan first expressed his deep gratitude for his father's nurturing grace. Between the lines, Wang Desan's fear of death was not felt at all, and only his generosity and calmness toward righteousness and his deep reluctance to his relatives were revealed. In the face of life and death, he firmly chose to sacrifice his life for the revolution and kill himself to become a benevolent person. The handwriting is beautiful and elegant, and the word "father" appears repeatedly, which shows Wang Desan's mood at that time. (Figure 6)
Supplementary Note: This is a farewell letter written by General Ji Hongchang to his wife on the day of his inauguration, showing the revolutionary pride of this revolutionary pioneer who sacrificed his life to fight for national liberation and realize revolutionary ideals. The words reflect Ji Hongchang's attachment and love for his family. This is precisely the feeling of General Ji Hongchang for his homeland, vividly interpreting the integrity of a communist with blood and loyalty. The paper is short and long, there is a lot to say, no signature, no time. The pen and ink are calm, the words are independent, and the mood is heavy but calm. Write with a special brush to show solemnity. (Figure 7)
Supplementary note: Wang Xiaohe's letters to his wife mostly begin with "Ying my wife", and most of the words used in the middle of the text are "you", which shows that Wang Xiaohe has great respect for his wife. Although the text is short, it is full of emotions, both a father's reluctance to give up his unborn child, as well as the regret of his wife who will bear the heavy responsibility of the family alone in the future; there are both sincere teachings and thoughts about the child, and more importantly, determination and regret for his life choices. What you see in his family letters to his wife is his iron-hearted and tender side. These seemingly opposite sides are a true portrayal of a flesh-and-blood revolutionary. The handwriting is elegant, with the qing Dynasty Zhao Zhiqian codex, very kung fu, witnessing personal cultural literacy. (Figure 8)
Original title: Blood Stained
Source: Beijing Evening News
Process Editor: l004