Wen 丨 Gan Jianhua
Qi Baishi's Portrait of Lady Li, painted in 1895.
Qi Baishi presented Li Dan with "Wisteria Diagram", composed in 1921.
Qi Baishi presented Li Dan with the Statue of the Duke of Wenxin, composed in 1922.
Li Dan: Betrothed to Shiraishi for decades
It has had a major impact on the modern history of Qinghai
Daya has not heard of it for a long time, and now people know li dan very rarely! But in the distant Qinghai Plateau, when the older generation of cultural people mentioned his name, their eyes lit up, and their respect was overflowing.
Li Dan was born in the late Qing Dynasty in the tenth year of Tongzhi (1871), from the famous door of the Li clan in Xiangtan, Hunan, the name Zerun, the first character Yumin, the later character Huamin, the number no self, the young and diligent study, outside the history, involved in nine streams and hundreds of schools and calligraphy and painting techniques, work in poetry, seal carving advocating Qin and Han, master Huang Mufu, especially proficient in Miao Seal, can be called a rare talent of literature and martial arts.
He was a deputy gong at the end of the Qing Dynasty, a former official in Ningzhou, Gansu, and served as the Daoyin of Xining after the Ding Revolution, and his contributions were in the great northwest. In the autumn of the seventeenth year of the Republic of China (September 1928), Qinghai was separated from Gansu Province to establish a separate province, which had a lot to do with his good words and brilliant strategies. He was one of the first members of the five provincial governments of Qinghai (equivalent to vice governors) appointed by the National Government in Nanjing, and concurrently served as secretary general, devoted himself to the operation and development of Qinghai, and made contributions to promoting national reconciliation and unity, safeguarding Tibet's sovereignty, banning opium, and protecting the people from the scourge of war, especially in the establishment of Qinghai ethnic education and the communication of Sino-Tibetan culture. Books such as the Minutes of Qinghai History and the General History of Qinghai have been highly praised, and he is a politician who has had a major impact on the modern and contemporary history of Qinghai.
Qibaishi has had an important impact on the growth of Shiraishi
Li Danping traveled widely in his life, had contacts with Mao Zedong in Shaoshan for a long time, and betrothed to Qi Baishi, a master of art in his hometown, for decades. In the book "Self-Description of the Old Man of Baishi", Qi Baishi talked about his sixteenth to twenty years of Guangxu (1890-1894), selling paintings in his hometown apricot dock for a living, "the family scenery is still not very generous, often for the lack of oil in the lamp, the family goes to bed in the dark." At that time, due to the introduction of his mentor Mr. Hu Qinyuan, he was in contact with the famous eunuch Li Peijing, who had been the inspector of Guizhou and Jiangsu, and had the opportunity to see the Li family's calligraphy and painting collection, and was allowed to copy it carefully on the spot, so the level of calligraphy and painting and the skills of seal engraving improved by leaps and bounds.
The first person to appear in the book is Li Dan, who is seven or eight years younger than him: "There is a friend Li Dan, whose name is Yumin, is the nephew of Qinyuan, who came to my house to see me and stayed with him. Night without oil lamp, burned pine branches, and talked to him about poetry. At the age of 32, Qi Baishi, Wang Zhongyan, Luo Shi Brothers and seven other people formed the Longshan Poetry Society, and Li Dan, a poet friend outside the society, often attended the meeting. The following year, the larger Luoshan Poetry Society was established, and the site was "at the home of Li Yumin in Nanquan Chong". "In the past few years, I knew that the liberal arts were not very smooth, and I did not dare to correspond with my friends. Li Yumin asked me to exchange letters with him, specially sent me some letterhead, forced me to write to him, and I began to write letters from then on, which is indeed a memorial to my life. ”
Grateful for Li Dan's sincere friendship with him and the help of the Hu and Li families, Qi Baishi after the North Drift has twice donated paintings to Li Dan in Xining, Qinghai, one is called "Wisteria Map", one is called "Wenxin Guogong Statue", one flower, one character, all have distinct artistic personality and characteristics of the times.
Shiraishi: The gift of the painting inscription is a tribute to the Li family
Paint wisteria for a close friend to send nostalgia
The world only knows that Qi Baishi is famous for painting shrimp, lotus, and cordyceps, but he does not know that wisteria is also his favorite. Wisteria, also known as the vine, is a large vine with deciduous climbing and winding, which is a common thing in the countryside of Hunan. "Borrowing the sea of vines in all four fields of the mountains, Qiao Mu He once recognized it as a flower." Qi Baishi, who left his hometown and wandered the world, witnessed the blooming of the wisteria flowers in Yanli, and often rose to sigh in his life, once had a painting title: "Nanyue Mountain is the most numerous, its vines are thorny, the knots are like mulberries, edible, and the seeds are like grapes." He also wrote the poem "Inscription Painting Wisteria": "At the beginning of the spring garden, the spring garden is warm and the bees are fighting, and the vines are scattered in the sky." Thunder and lightning do not drum and tremble, and the good flower season is on the capital. Xiangshang gushed good paddy fields, and the looting was not worth a penny. More who comes to buy mountain paintings, hundreds of feet of vine flowers lock noon smoke. Even as dusk approached, he still planted vines in the courtyard of Beiping Cross-Che Hutong. In the early stage of his wisteria paintings, he mainly studied Xu Wei, with longitudinal pen and ink, and light and elegant colors; In the later period, he mainly studied Wu Changshuo, the pen and ink were dignified and thick, and the colors were bright and beautiful.
In 2018, Qinghai Jumozhai Art Auction Co., Ltd. acquired a "Wisteria Map" from Japan, which is the only known authentic Qi Baishi in the ancient city of Xining. The size of the painting is 101×33.5cm, a little more than three square feet; Plutonium printing "Qi Baishi" (白文); Signed "Mr. Huamin. On April 17, Xin You, Qi Huang was dressed in white stone grass, and was sent to the Guanyin Monastery in Xiangfang Bridge, Yanjing. "Xin You is the tenth year of the Republic of China (1921), which is a meticulous work given by Qi Baishi to his old friend Li Dan. At that time, Li Dan founded the Qinghai Tibetan Language Research Society. This painting of the dragon pan old dry coiled on the whole picture, the flowers and branches are concentrated in the upper half, forming a contrast between the upper and lower dense, thin and thick, tender and old. The painting style is in its transitional period, but it can be seen that the sharp and indulgent brushwork of the grass seal conveys the good blessing of "purple qi coming from the east".
This "Wisteria Map" is quite bizarre in its past and present lives. This was once the old collection of the famous anti-war heroes Lu Di and Sachiko Ikeda who were exiled to China during World War II. Lu Di (1903-1982), a famous Progressive Japanese writer, made many anti-war remarks after the "September 18" Incident, was persecuted by Japanese militarism, and in 1935 he went to Shanghai to borrow the Uchiyama Bookstore opened by his friend Uchiyama, and had contacts with Left-wing people such as Song Qingling, Lu Xun, and Xiao Jun. Sachiko Ikeda (1912-1973) wrote articles such as "Lu Xun on the Last Day" and "Memories of Lu Xun". In the summer of 1938, Guo Moruo, then director of the Third Department of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the Nationalist Government, hired them as design commissioners to help guide the propaganda work of the Seventh Division of the Third Department to Japan, and at the same time served as the head of the Japanese Anti-War Alliance. After the fall of Wuhan, they retreated with the Third Department to Hengshan Mountain in Nanyue, and then participated in the training course for guerrilla cadres co-founded by the Kuomintang and the Communist Party here. Nanyue Hengshan is adjacent to Xiangtan, and it is not known whether they collected the painting of Qi Baishi at this time. Guardian's auction catalogue states that it "collected Chinese paintings and calligraphy from the old collection, including Zhang Daqian, Huang Binhong, Yu Feimin, Qi Baishi, Wu Changshuo, Wang Xuetao, etc., most of which were purchased from cultural relics stores in the early years". On March 30 this year, at the 2019 Spring Auction of Guardian Hong Kong, China, the painting was finally sold for 897,000 yuan.
Paint the Blessing Chart of heavenly officials to bless your best friend and official luck and prosperity, and benefit the people
Qi Baishi's "Statue of the Duke of Wenxin" given to Li Dan is also a vertical axis, colored paper, with a size of 132.5 ×57.5cm, and the stamp "Qi Da" (Zhu Wen), with the inscription: "Mr. Huamin Yajian." Qi Huang, Nong Shu May System. "The Eleventh Year of the Republic of China (1922). On this canvas there is an inscription by Wang Xiang (1876-1965): "Statue of the Duke of Wenxin." This shiraishi old man is sixty years old, and the picture is not inscribed with The Ho clan. Look at his crown and wat, his brother is kind, and he is pure and elegant. Or suspected of being Tang Zhiyan Plain, or suspected of being Ming's Zhang Jiangling, there is no definite theory. Ask the original so-painter to tell: This text Wen Shan statue also. Respect his people, so beg for it. The first enlightenment bowed his head and meditated, and if there was any serious worry, he was writing a summary of his loyalty and righteousness. The old man of Shiraishi can be described as a subtle experience. In October 1955 of the Gregorian calendar, Wang Xiang inscribed his head and recorded it in detail. This painting was first seen in the plates of the Twentieth Century Chinese Painters Research Series Qi Baishi.
Wen Tianxiang (文天祥), courtesy name Wenshan, was a famous patriotic poet of the Southern Song Dynasty and a famous minister of the Anti-Yuan Dynasty, who was posthumously honored by the Duke of Xinguo, known as "the Champion of the Yuan", and was also a hero whom Qi Baishi was unusually fond of. "Wenxin Guogong Statue", also known as "Wen Tianxiang Statue", the first public appearance was on October 17, 2009, Beijing Zhongmao Shengjia International Auction Co., Ltd. 15th anniversary celebration art auction, estimated at 600,000-900,000 yuan. However, according to Professor Liu Jinku, director of the Department of History at the Tianjin Academy of Fine Arts, this picture is the only work of Qi Baishi's "Divine Statue Pair" that Mr. Huang Difei (1905-2003, a native of Nanxian County, Hunan Province, who was the vice chairman of the Tianjin Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference) treasured. During the "Breaking of the Four Olds", in order to preserve them, Huang asked Wang Xiang, director of the Tianjin Museum of Culture and History, to write a long poem saying that the painting was written by Wen Tianxiang, a famous patriotic general in Chinese history. In fact, the Lord is not Wen Tianxiang but a Heavenly Official. The "Huamin" in the above paragraph is Qi Baishi's poetry friend Li Dan.
Liu Jinku's remarks are not unreasonable. It seems that it is indeed a picture of the blessings of heavenly officials, with the appearance of a feminine invitation to favor, which does not coincide with the historical image of Wen Tianxiang. The "History of Song" records That Wen Tianxiang: "The physique is abundant, the beauty is like jade, the eyebrows are beautiful and the eyes are long, and Gu Pan yeran." Qi Baishi painted this picture and sent it to Li Dan in the distance, with the intention of wishing him good luck and prosperity and benefiting the people. And Li Dan really did as he wished, adding face to the Xiang people on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), on the recommendation of the Ninth Panchen Lama and Shao Lizi and others, Li Dan was elected as a member of the Central Supervision Committee of the Kuomintang.
The reappearance of "Wenxin Guogong", at the 2017 spring auction of China Guardian, the reference price was 3.8-4.8 million yuan, which was not sold.
The statue of Li Mu is inscribed, and he feels the close friend who "can share hardships"
In the twenty-first year of Guangxu (1895), Qi Baishi also painted the Portrait of Lady Li for Hu Qinyuan's sister and mother of Li Dan (1852-1909). The painting size 129×69cm, vertical shaft, color on paper; Plutonium seal: "Azhi" (Zhu Wen) "Baishi Old Man" (Bai Wen) "Borrowing Mountain Weng" (Zhu Wen); Inscription: "At the beginning of the winter of the second year after the surrender, the son Liang Kun came to Jinling to see Yu, and this image was said to be, ask yu Yu." Yu Yue: The statue was painted by Weng when he was a teenager, and was also the mother of Li Dan, Mrs. Hu. Wen Dan has descendants, and he meets every day and can return to them. Lost when it is lost, it can be felt (regretted) also. Eighty-six-year-old Qi Huang Baishi Ji. At this time, it was the 35th year of the Republic of China (1946), and Li Dan, who could "share hardships", had died in his hometown 8 years ago. This painting was 51 years ago, why it has never been returned to its original owner, but it was obtained by Qi Liangkun, the third son of Baishi, and finally hidden in the Liaoning Provincial Museum, during which no one can understand, fortunately, there are some relevant records in the "Self-Description of the Old Man of Baishi".
At the end of November 2018, the Xiangtan Museum exhibited more than 100 original works of Qi Baishi, one of which was the Portrait of Lady Li. The figures in this painting are luxuriously dressed, their faces are vivid and vivid, and their manners are dignified and luxurious, which also shows how respectful and pious the painter is when painting. Some commentators pointed out: "From the perspective of composition and expression techniques, this work is influenced by the portrait painting of Zu Rong in the Qing Dynasty, and integrates Realistic Techniques such as Western sketching and color, and the dyeing method of the relationship between light and dark on the faces of the characters reflects a trend in the creation of figure paintings at the end of the Qing Dynasty." ”